A. 
Off-street parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the specifications in this article in any district whenever any new use is established or any existing use is changed or enlarged.
B. 
All parking areas established prior to the effective date of this chapter that are not in conformance with all provisions of this article shall be allowed to continue as previously laid out. If any change or alteration is proposed to these existing nonconforming parking areas, the portions to be changed or altered shall be upgraded in accordance with all provisions of this article.
C. 
Any change in use or in floor area of an existing building that would require a greater number of off-street parking spaces than the previous use or floor area did shall provide additional off-street parking for the new use in accordance with this article. If the number of additional required parking spaces results in more than a twenty-five-percent increase in the total number of parking spaces currently provided on the lot or requires the addition of at least five more spaces, whichever is greater, then all existing parking shall also be required to meet or exceed all provisions of this article, including surfacing.
Parking areas and driveways in parking areas in all zoning districts shall comply with the following standards:
A. 
Size. Each off-street parking space shall have an area of not less than 180 square feet, exclusive of access drives or aisles, shall have minimum dimensions of nine feet in width and 20 feet in length and shall be maintained free from obstruction. Except in the case of single-family dwellings, two-family dwellings and townhouses, parking areas shall be designed to provide sufficient turnaround area so that vehicles are not required to back onto the cartway of any public street.
B. 
Design. The minimum dimensions of aisles and driveways for all uses other than single-family dwellings and two-family dwellings shall be as follows:
(1) 
Minimum width of aisles providing two-way travel shall be 22 feet.
(2) 
One-way aisles shall not be dead-ended. Minimum width of aisles providing one-way travel shall vary with the angle of parking, as follows:
Angle of Parking
(degrees)
Width
(feet)
Parallel
12
30°
14
45°
16
60°
20
90°
22
(3) 
Two-way aisles may be dead-ended in off-street parking areas, provided they are designed according to the following minimum standards:
(a) 
Depth of turnaround area: 13 feet.
(b) 
Width of turnaround area: 25 feet.
(4) 
The minimum width of entrance and exit drives shall be:
(a) 
For one-way travel, a minimum of 12 feet.
(b) 
For two-way travel, a minimum of 22 feet.
(c) 
A maximum of 35 feet at the street right-of-way line and 54 feet at the curbline.
(d) 
Adequate sight distance shall be provided, subject to review and approval by the Borough Engineer. Driveways shall not exceed a slope of 10% within 12 feet of the street right-of-way line.
(5) 
Fire lanes shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of the Borough Fire Code and the Volunteer Fire Department.
C. 
Handicapped parking spaces. Handicapped-accessible parking spaces marked in accordance with Commonwealth of Pennsylvania regulations and measuring 12 feet by 20 feet for automobiles and measuring 18 feet by 20 feet for vans shall be provided for all buildings designed for public occupancy in accordance with the following table:
Total Parking Spaces Required by § 180-81C
Number of Required Spaces That Must Be Accessible Spaces
Up to 25
1*
26 to 50
2
51 to 75
3
76 to 100
4
101 to 150
5
151 to 200
6
201 to 300
7
301 to 400
8
401 to 500
9
501 to 1,000
2% of total
Over 1,000
20, plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000
NOTES:
*
If only one accessible space is required, it shall be van accessible. If more than one space is required, at least one space shall be van accessible.
D. 
Access. Access to parking areas shall be provided in accordance with the following requirements:
(1) 
When an existing lot does not adjoin a public or private street, an easement of access and an access driveway shall be provided leading to the parking areas.
(2) 
Access to off-street parking areas shall be limited to well-defined locations, and in no case shall there be unrestricted access along the length of a street. In the C-1 and I-1 Districts, the street frontage shall be curbed to restrict access to the lot, except where the access drives are proposed.
(3) 
The number of access drives from a single lot or development to any public street shall not exceed two for every 400 feet of street frontage.
(4) 
Except on corner lots, access drives shall be located at least 200 feet from the intersection of any two street right-of-way lines.
(5) 
Access drives entering state highways shall be subject to a highway occupancy permit issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (Penn DOT).
(6) 
Access driveways entering Borough streets shall comply with the requirements of the Pennsylvania Code, Title 67, Chapter 441, "Access to and Occupancy of Highways by Ways and Local Roads."
(7) 
Each parking space shall have access directly to a driveway. Interior circulation of traffic shall be designed so that no driveway providing access to parking spaces shall be used as a through street. Interior traffic circulation shall be designed to ensure safety and access by emergency vehicles.
E. 
Safety requirements. Borough Council shall consider whether safety requirements are warranted to reduce traffic hazards that endanger public safety. The developer shall be responsible for construction of any required islands, acceleration, deceleration or turning lanes and shall bear the cost of installing any required traffic control devices, signs or pavement markings within and adjoining the boundaries of the development site.
F. 
Marking. In parking areas that contain five or more spaces, all parking spaces shall be clearly delineated by painted lines marked with durable white or yellow paint in stripes a minimum of four inches wide extending the length of the parking space. All vehicular entrances and exits to parking areas shall be clearly marked for all conditions. Short-term visitor parking spaces shall be differentiated from long-term employee spaces by suitable markings. Handicapped parking shall be appropriately marked.
G. 
Curbs and wheelstops.
(1) 
All outdoor hard-surfaced off-street parking areas shall be curbed unless sheet drainage of surface water can be achieved subject to approval by the Borough Engineer.
(2) 
Wheelstops shall be provided along boundaries of adjoining properties, public rights-of-way, sidewalks or landscaped areas unless curbs are provided in that portion of the parking lot.
H. 
Surfacing.
(1) 
All outdoor off-street parking areas and access driveways shall be paved with asphalt, concrete or similar material of adequate thickness to support the weight of fully loaded vehicles that customarily park or travel on it. The exceptions to this requirement are:
(a) 
Single-family dwellings and two-family dwellings in plans with less than five dwelling units; and
(b) 
Parking areas located to the rear of buildings on lots in the I-1 Industrial District, which shall, as a minimum, have a dust-free slag or stone surface parking area.
(2) 
It shall be the responsibility of the property owner to ensure that driveway surface materials and stormwater runoff do not discharge onto a public street.
I. 
Location of parking areas.
(1) 
Required parking spaces shall be located on the same lot with the principal use. In the case where adequate lot area does not exist on the same lot to meet the parking requirements, the Zoning Hearing Board may approve off-site parking as a use by special exception, provided it is located no more than 400 feet from the principal entrance to the building it is intended to serve and evidence of a lease agreement or cross easement is submitted for any property under different ownership proposed to be used for off-site parking. If the off-site parking is not located on property contiguous to the use it serves, the off-site parking shall be used for employee parking, and a means of safe pedestrian access shall be provided.
(2) 
Parking authorized in front yards shall be located at least 10 feet from the street right-of-way line. All parking areas containing five or more spaces shall be set back at least 10 feet from a side or rear property line, except where a buffer area is required by this chapter that results in a more stringent setback requirement.
J. 
Landscaping. Parking areas containing more than 20 spaces shall provide landscaping as required below:
(1) 
The area of the front yard between the street right-of-way and parking located in a front yard shall be seeded with grass or planted with ground cover and shall be landscaped with trees and/or shrubs that comply with the requirements for visibility of § 180-70D. This landscaping may include trees required by § 180-69J.
(2) 
In the event that a parking area containing 20 or more spaces is not otherwise required to be screened by a buffer area, then Buffer Area C, as described in § 180-69A, shall be provided along any property line where the parking adjoins property in an R-A, R-1, R-2 or R-3 Zoning District.
K. 
Shopping cart return areas. One shopping cart return area shall be provided for each 10,000 square feet of gross floor area in retail stores that provide shopping carts. Shopping cart return areas shall measure nine feet by 20 feet and shall provide containment on three sides and shall be identified by an above-grade sign secured to the containment structure. The surface area of the sign shall not exceed four square feet.
L. 
Lighting. If parking areas are proposed to be used during evening hours, lighting shall be provided. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall be designed to reflect the light away from adjoining properties in an R-A, R-1, R-2 or R-3 District and away from any streets or highways. The lighting system shall furnish a level of not less than 0.5 footcandle during hours of operation and shall be designed with cutoff luminaires that have a cutoff angle of 60° or less. (See the illustration in Appendix B.[1]) There shall be no spillover of illumination at any property line adjoining property in an R-A, R-1, R-2 or R-3 District in excess of 0.2 footcandle.
[1]
Editor's Note: Appendix B is included at the end of this chapter.
M. 
Stormwater management. All paved areas shall be designed so that stormwater runoff shall not adversely affect adjacent properties. Surface drainage shall be connected to the existing or proposed drainage system. The method of stormwater management and the design of the proposed facilities shall be subject to the requirements of the Borough, county and state regulations and to review and recommendation by the Borough Engineer.
N. 
Slope. The maximum permissible slope of any parking area accessory to any use other than a single-family or two-family dwelling shall be 7%. If parking spaces are provided in areas that exceed a five-percent slope, all such spaces shall be parallel to the contour lines of the area.
Any new use or change of use in any zoning district shall comply with the following minimum requirements for the provision of off-street parking spaces:
A. 
When the calculation of required parking spaces results in a requirement of a fractional parking space, any fraction shall be counted as one parking space.
B. 
Where more than one use exists on a lot, parking requirements for each use shall be provided.
C. 
The following table of parking requirements specifies the number of spaces required for various categories of uses in any zoning district:
Use
Parking Spaces Required
Adult businesses
1 space for each 250 square feet of floor area devoted to retail sales; 1 space for each seat in a theater; 1 space for each viewing booth or machine; 1 space for each sleeping room in a motel; 1 space for each 75 square feet of net floor area in a nightclub devoted to patron seating
Agriculture
1 space per employee
Agricultural sales
1 space per employee, plus 1 space for each 400 square feet of growing and display area accessible to the public
Amusement or video arcade
1 space for each 100 square feet of net floor area
Amusement park
1 space for each 1,500 square feet of gross lot area
Animal shelter
1 space for each volunteer or employee, plus a minimum of 2 spaces for visitors
Appliance store; home furnishings store
1 space for each 1,500 square feet of display and sales area
Assisted-living facility; independent-living facility
1 space per dwelling unit, plus 1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 0.5 space per dwelling unit for visitors
Auditorium
See "theater; auditorium."
Automobile service station
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 2 spaces for each service bay, plus 1 space for each 200 square feet devoted to retail sales
Banks and financial institutions
1 space per 300 square feet of gross floor area, plus 1 space per employee on peak shift, plus the waiting spaces required by § 180-73 for each drive-through window
Bar or tavern
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each 50 square feet of net floor area devoted to patron seating
Bed-and-breakfast
1 space for each sleeping room in addition to the parking required for the single-family dwelling
Beverage distributor
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each 500 square feet of net floor area, plus 1 space for each business vehicle, plus the standing spaces required for any drive-through facility
Beverage bottling and distribution
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each business vehicle
Billiard parlors
4 spaces for each table, plus 1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus the requirement specified in this table for any area devoted to bar or tavern or restaurant
Boarding stable
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each horse stall and 1 space for each 3 seats in an arena or each 80 lineal inches of bleacher seating, if any
Bowling alleys
5 spaces for each alley
Business or professional offices
1 space for every 300 square feet of net floor area
Business services
1 space for every 300 square feet of net floor area
Car wash
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each bay in a self-serve car wash to allow for the drying of vehicles, plus 1 space for any additional service positions such as the dispensing of air, plus the standing spaces required in § 180-73
Catering hall
1 space for each 75 square feet of net floor area devoted to customer seating, plus 1 space for each employee at maximum occupancy
Cemetery
1 space for each 40 square feet of floor area accessible to the public in a chapel or mausoleum, plus 1 space for each employee
Churches
1 space per 4 seats or 80 lineal inches of pew, or if there are no pews or seats, 1 space for each 75 square feet of net floor area used for assembly
Commercial greenhouse
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each 250 square feet of retail sales area, plus 1 space for each 1,500 square feet of growing area that is accessible to the public
Commercial school
1 space for each faculty and employee, plus 1 space for each 1.5 students
Communications tower
1 space for periodic visits by maintenance workers
Community centers in a planned residential development or subdivision
1 space for each 10 dwelling units in the development
Community club
1 space for each 10 member households, plus 1 space for each 75 square feet of net floor area used for activities
Contracting business
1 space for each business vehicle or equipment within an enclosed garage, plus 1 space for each employee on site, plus 1 space for each 250 square feet of floor area devoted to product display and retail sales
Contractor's yard
1 space for each employee on site, plus 1 space for each 250 square feet of floor area devoted to product display and retail sales, plus 1 space for each business vehicle or equipment
Convenience store
1 space for each 200 square feet of gross floor area
Dance halls, skating rinks
1 space for each 100 square feet of net floor area
Day-care center or preschool facility
1 space for each teacher and/or employee on largest shift, plus 1 space per each 6 students
Dormitories; fraternity houses; sorority houses
1 space for each bed at maximum capacity, plus 1 space for each employee and 0.5 space per bed for guests
Drive-through facility
See § 180-73 for the standing space requirements for each drive-through position.
Educational studio
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each 2 students at maximum occupancy
Equipment storage yard
1 space for each business vehicle or equipment within an enclosed garage, plus 1 space for each employee on site, plus 1 space for each 250 square feet of floor area devoted to product display and retail sales
Family day-care home
1 space for each employee in addition to the parking required for the dwelling
Fire and emergency medical services; other public buildings
1 space for each 300 square feet of area used for office, plus the requirement for indoor assembly for the floor area devoted to that use, plus 1 space in an enclosed garage for each vehicle or equipment, plus the requirement for a catering hall for any rental hall with kitchen facilities
Fitness center
1 space for each 100 square feet of net floor area accessible to members
Flex space
Each portion of the floor area used for office, manufacturing and/or warehousing shall meet the minimum requirements of this section for that specific use
Fourplex
2 spaces per dwelling unit, 1 of which must be in an enclosed garage, plus 0.5 space per dwelling unit for visitors to be located within 300 feet of the units they are intended to serve
Funeral homes
35 spaces for the first viewing parlor, plus 30 spaces for each additional parlor
Furniture store
1 space for each 1,500 square feet of display and sales area
Garden apartments
2 spaces per dwelling unit, plus 0.5 space per dwelling unit for visitors to be located within 300 feet of the units they are intended to serve
Golf course; golf or country club
8 spaces for each hole, plus 1 space for each employee, plus the requirement for restaurant and/or swimming pool (commercial) if those facilities are provided
Group-care facility
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each resident authorized to drive, plus 1 space for each 6 beds
Gymnasium
1 space per 3 fixed seats or 1 space for each 80 lineal inches of bleacher seating or, if there are no fixed seats, 1 space for each 75 square feet of net floor area used for assembly
Health club
1 space for each 100 square feet of net floor area accessible to members
Home occupation
3 spaces for visitors or clients in addition to the spaces required for the dwelling unit
Hospitals
1 space per 3 beds, plus 1 space for each employee on the peak working shift
Hotel
See "motel/hotel."
Indoor entertainment
See "indoor places of assembly."
Indoor places of assembly (without fixed seats)
1 space for each 75 square feet of net floor area
Indoor places of assembly (with fixed seats)
1 space for each 3 seats or 80 lineal inches of bleacher seating
Junkyard
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each 1,000 square feet of vehicle or scrap material storage area
Landscaping contractor
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each business vehicle, plus 1 space for each 1,000 square feet of sales, display and growing area accessible to the public
Kennel
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each 5 kennel units
Libraries/museums
1 space for each 500 square feet of gross floor area, plus the requirement for indoor places of assembly, if applicable
Life-care community
2 spaces for each single-family dwelling and 1 space for each other type of dwelling unit, plus 1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus the spaces required for a nursing home or personal-care boarding home, if proposed
Manufacturing, light or heavy
1 space for each 1,500 square feet of gross floor area or 1 space for each employee on the peak working shift, whichever is greater
Medical clinic
1 space for each doctor, plus 1 space for each employee, plus 2 spaces for each chair, examination or treatment room or other patient service area
Medical offices
1 space for each 100 square feet of gross floor area
Mineral removal
1 space for each employee on the 2 largest shifts, combined
Mini warehouse/self-storage building
2 spaces for manager's quarters, if any, plus 1 space for each 25 storage units located near the office or manager's quarters for prospective customers, plus 1 space for each 10 storage units equally distributed throughout the storage area to be used by customers
Mobile home park
2 spaces for each dwelling unit, plus 1 space for each 200 square feet of gross floor area in a community building
Mobile home sales, service and storage
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each 2,000 square feet of indoor and outdoor display and sales area
Motel/hotel
1 space per employee on peak shift, plus 1 space per sleeping unit, plus 1 space for each 75 square feet of floor area in shops, restaurants, meeting rooms and the like accessible to the public
No-impact home-based business
None required
Nursing homes
1 space per 3 beds, plus 1 space for each employee on the peak working shift
Outdoor places of assembly (without fixed seats)
1 space for each 1,500 square feet of gross lot area devoted to assembly
Outdoor places of assembly (with fixed seats)
1 space for each 3 seats or 80 lineal inches of bleacher seating
Personal-care boarding home
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each resident authorized to drive, plus 1 space for each 6 beds
Personal service establishments
1 space for each 250 square feet of gross floor area
Pet grooming; pet services
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 3 spaces for each service position
Places of assembly
See "indoor places of assembly" and "outdoor places of assembly"
Playing fields; play courts
2 parking spaces for each team member on the field or court during regulation play, plus 1 space for each 3 seats in viewing stands or for each 80 lineal inches of bleacher seating
Private club
1 space for each 100 square feet of floor area accessible to the members
Professional offices (other than medical)
1 space for every 300 square feet of net floor area
Public buildings
1 space for each 300 square feet of net floor area devoted to offices, plus 1 space for each 40 square feet of net floor area devoted to conference rooms or public meeting rooms
Public utility building or structure
1 space per employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each service vehicle stored on the lot
Repair shop
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each 300 square feet of floor area accessible to the public
Research and development, including pilot manufacturing
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus a minimum of 5 spaces for each 10,000 square feet of gross floor area reserved for visitors
Restaurant, fast-food
1 space for each 50 square feet of gross floor area, plus 1 space per employee on peak shift, plus the standing spaces required by § 180-73 for each drive-through window
Restaurant, all other
1 space for each 75 square feet of net floor area devoted to customer seating and waiting areas, plus 1 space for each employee on peak working shift
Retail businesses not otherwise listed in this table
1 space for each 250 square feet of gross floor area
Riding academy
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each horse stall, plus 1 space for each 3 seats or each 80 lineal inches of bleachers in an arena if events are open to the public
Schools, elementary and intermediate (public or private)
1 space for each employee or faculty member
Schools, secondary and postsecondary (public or private)
1 space for each employee or faculty member, plus 1 space for each 5 students
Schools, commercial
See "commercial school."
Single-family dwelling
2 spaces per dwelling unit
Sportsmen's club
1 space for each 75 square feet of floor area devoted to meeting rooms or dining rooms, plus 1 space for each employee, plus 2 spaces for each shooting position or station on an outdoor shooting range
Stadium
1 space for each 3 fixed seats or 1 space for each 80 lineal inches of bleacher seating
Supply yards
1 space for each employee on site, plus 1 space for each 250 square feet of floor area devoted to product display and retail sales, plus 1 space for each business vehicle or equipment
Swimming pools
1 space for each 50 square feet of surface water area
Temporary use or structure
Parking shall be based on the requirement for the use listed in this table that most closely conforms to the temporary use or structure proposed.
Tennis, racquetball and handball courts
1 space per employee, plus 4 spaces for each court
Theater; auditorium
1 space for each 3 fixed seats; or if there are no fixed seats, 1 space for each 75 square feet of net floor area used for assembly; or 1 space for each 80 lineal inches of bleacher seating
Townhouses
2 spaces per dwelling unit, plus 0.5 space per dwelling unit for visitors to be located within 300 feet of the units they are intended to serve
Transitional dwelling
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each resident authorized to drive, plus 1 space for each 6 beds
Triplex
2 spaces per dwelling unit, one of which must be in an enclosed garage, plus 0.5 space per dwelling unit for visitors to be located within 300 feet of the units they are intended to serve
Truck and heavy equipment rental, sales and service
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each 1,000 square feet of indoor and outdoor display and sales area
Truck terminal
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each service vehicle stored on site
Two-family dwelling
2 spaces per dwelling unit
Vehicle accessory sales and installation
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each 500 square feet of indoor and outdoor display and sales area
Vehicle rental, sales and service
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each 1,000 square feet of indoor display and sales area
Vehicle repair garages
4 spaces for each bay, plus 1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each business vehicle
Veterinary clinic
1 space for each doctor and employee, plus 2 spaces for each treatment room
Warehousing and distribution
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each business vehicle
Wholesale business
1 space for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 space for each business vehicle
All other uses
1 space for each 3 occupants at maximum permitted occupancy or 1 space for each 300 square feet of gross floor area, whichever is greater
In all zoning districts, whenever a new use is established or an existing use is structurally altered, converted or enlarged, off-street loading spaces shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of this section.
A. 
Off-street loading design.
(1) 
Size. Each loading berth shall be at least 60 feet in length and 14 feet in width, with an overhead clearance of 15 feet. The area used for loading berths shall not be used to satisfy parking area requirements and shall not block any driveway used for circulation through the site.
(2) 
Access. Loading berths shall be designed to provide sufficient turnaround area so that vehicles are not required to back onto public streets, and the design shall be subject to review and approval by the Borough Engineer. Loading berths shall have direct access to a driveway and shall be maintained free from obstruction.
(3) 
Location. All loading berths shall be located on the same lot with the principal use they are intended to serve. No loading berth shall be located in the minimum required front yard setback. Loading berths shall be located at least 25 feet from the nearest point of intersection of any two streets.
(4) 
Screening. Loading berths shall be screened by a minimum eight-foot-high wall or opaque fence on all sides adjoining property in an R-A, R-1, R-2 or R-3 District in addition to the buffer area, as described in § 180-69A.
(5) 
Surfacing. All loading berths shall have a paved, concrete or bituminous surface, with adequate thickness to support the weight of a fully loaded vehicle and graded with positive drainage to dispose of surface water.
(6) 
Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate loading berths shall be designed to reflect away from any adjoining properties in an R-A, R-1, R-2 or R-3 District and away from any street or highway. Spillover lighting shall not exceed 0.2 footcandle at any property line adjoining property in an R-A, R-1, R-2 or R-3 District.
B. 
Off-street loading requirements. In all zoning districts, every use that requires the receipt or distribution, by tractor-trailer, of material or merchandise, shall provide off-street loading berths in accordance with the following requirements:
Gross Floor Area
(square feet)
Number of Berths Required
Under 10,000
None
10,000 to 49,999
1
50,000 to 99,999
2
100,000 to 160,000
3
For each additional 80,000
1 additional
C. 
In addition to required off-street parking and loading facilities, adequate storage areas for vehicles awaiting loading and unloading shall be provided. Under no circumstances shall vehicles be stored on or block access to a public right-of-way.