A. 
All pipe shall be so laid in the trench that after the sewer is completed the invert shall conform accurately to the grades and lines shown, fixed, and given by the Borough Engineer.
B. 
Each pipe shall be so laid as to form a close joint with the next adjoining pipe.
C. 
At the end of each day's work and at such times as the Borough Engineer may direct, the open ends of the pipe shall be satisfactorily protected against the entrance of earth or other substances. In sanitary sewer construction, this closure shall be made with a tight-fitting plug which shall be kept in place at all times when the trench is not dry and clean.
The specifications for vitrified pipe-bell and spigot concrete pipe sanitary sewer construction shall be as follows:
A. 
The joints of such pipe shall be made with a narrow gasket of dry jute, long enough to go around the pipe and thick enough to hold the pipes securely in their relative positions so that the inverts are on line. The gasket shall be carefully inserted between the bell and spigot and well-caulked with suitable tools.
B. 
The remainder of the joint shall be filled with bituminous material meeting the requirements of these specifications for bituminous material for sewer pipe joints.
C. 
The bituminous material shall be heated in a suitable furnace to a temperature slightly above that at which it can be poured rapidly and smoothly, and it shall be kept at this temperature until used. After the pipe joint has been caulked, the melted compound shall be poured into the joints with the aid of a joint runner in the same way in which lead joints are poured. The pouring vessel used shall be large enough to make one joint at a single pouring. The compound shall be poured slightly off center so that it runs down one side of the joint and is forced up the other side. The joint runner shall be pressed in the joint about 1/2 inch. The depth of the compound shall not be less than one inch for pipes 15 inches or less in diameter. For pipes of greater diameter, the depth of compound shall be as directed by the Borough Engineer.
D. 
In case the pipe joint is not completely filled, the unfilled part of the joint shall be poured again with hot material so as to form a completely watertight joint. Sections composed of two pipes may be joined at the side of the trench, provided that the pipes are held firmly in correct alignment. In lowering the sections so made into the trench, a piece of timber shall be run through the pipes to support their weight and prevent the joints from being broken.
A. 
Proper and suitable tools and appliances for the safe and convenient handling and laying of cast-iron pipe shall be used. Such pipe may be joined either with hot-poured soft metallic pig lead, leadite, or hydrotite, at the option of the contractor.
B. 
Each spigot of pipe shall be set within 1/8 inch of the full depth of the bell which it enters, and so adjusted as to provide a uniform joint space. The best quality of hemp or jute packing shall be used, and the packing shall be thoroughly driven into the bell so that the poured jointing material shall have a minimum depth of not less than two inches. All joints shall be made at one pouring.
C. 
If lead is used, the joints shall be thoroughly caulked by competent and experienced mechanics and in such a manner as will insure tight joints without overstraining the iron in the bells.
D. 
If leadite or hydrotite is used, square braided dry jute packing shall be used of the correct size to fill the joint tightly, and the specifications and recommendations of the manufacturer of the jointing material shall be faithfully followed in the work.
The setting of joints for concrete pipe storm sewers shall be as follows:
A. 
Exact instructions for joints shall be issued by the Borough Engineer before the start of construction. Such instructions will depend upon the type of joint approved for the work. In general, joints shall be made of cement mortar composed of one part portland cement and two parts of sand. An oakum or jute gasket will not be required unless the design of the joint is such as to make its use necessary or advisable.
B. 
Mortar shall be well-pressed and caulked into place by hand so as entirely to fill the joint. The joint shall be pointed on the inside. No surplus mortar or foreign substance shall project into the pipe from the joint, and if necessary the inside of the pipe shall be cleaned with a scraper or by other means before the mortar becomes hardened.
C. 
Water shall not be allowed to rise in or about the pipe before the joint has become thoroughly set.
T or Y branches shall be laid at such points on sanitary sewers as the Borough Engineer shall direct. They shall be closed at least three days before laying, with a disc of vitrified clay, plastered in with lime mortar, and completely sealed with a one-fourth-inch coat of 1:1 portland cement mortar. When this mortar is thoroughly dry, the entire branch bell and plug shall be dipped in and sealed with melted tar. This tar must remain intact until the sewer is complete and the trench closed. The cost of furnishing and setting such covers or plugs shall be deemed included in the unit price bid for T or Y branches.
House connections shall be of cast iron and shall be laid at such points as shown upon the plans or as may be designated by the Borough Engineer. They shall be laid in accordance with the requirements for cast-iron pipe.
The interiors of the sewer shall, at the time of acceptance, be clean and free inside from every kind of foreign material of whatever origin. In the case of small sewers where cleaning after laying may be difficult, a swab or drag shall be kept in the pipe line and pulled forward past each joint immediately after its completion.