[Adopted 6-10-1985 (Art. 939 of
the 1985 Code of Ordinances); amended in its entirety 11-10-1997 by Ord. No. 97-15]
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General
Provisions, Art. I)]
Any sanitary sewer extension shall be constructed or reconstructed in accordance with the provisions of this article. It shall be the duty of each applicant, as defined in Chapter 220, Zoning, § 220-6C, contractor or subcontractor to comply with this article in the construction or reconstruction of any sanitary sewer extension within the Township.
A.
Submission of plans, profiles and specifications.
(1)
Before any work is commenced on any sanitary sewer
extension, three copies of the plans, profiles and specifications
of the proposed sanitary sewer extension shall be presented to the
Authority Manager not less than 30 days prior to the meeting of the
Lower Allen Township Authority. The Authority Manager shall distribute
a copy thereof to the Sanitary Sewer Engineer for review. After review
by the Authority Sewer Department and Authority Sanitary Sewer Engineer,
such documents shall be presented to the Authority for its review
and recommendations prior to submission to the Board of Commissioners.
All corrections and necessary changes to the documents shall be made
before presentation to the Township Authority.
(2)
All drawings shall be prepared in conformance with
the requirements set forth in these specifications and shall be identified
with the name of the project and developer and shall be numbered in
consecutive order. The approval of drawings will be general and shall
not relieve the applicant, contractor or subcontractor from the responsibility
for proper fitting and construction of the work nor from furnishing
material and work required which may not be indicated on the drawings
when approved.
(3)
All costs or expenses incurred and costs of labor
involved by the Authority or charges by its Sanitary Sewer Engineer
in review of any sanitary sewer extension plans, profiles and specifications
and in inspection of the construction thereof shall be paid by the
applicant, contractor or subcontractor. The charges therefore shall
be established by resolution of the Authority Board.
(4)
All plans and profiles shall include the following
additional information and shall be in compliance with the following
requirements:
(a)
The location and depth of all utilities crossing
or within 10 feet of the sewer line, manhole and other appurtenances.
(b)
Manhole top elevations.
(c)
Manholes shall be numbered in accordance with
the present system of the Authority or as directed by the Authority
Manager.
(d)
A statement therein stating "All sanitary sewers
and appurtenances to be built in accordance with specifications of
Authority."
(e)
When two or more utilities of any type are to
be installed in or are already in the same right-of-way or in close
proximity, the sewer line shall be laid not less than 10 feet from
any such utility or utilities, measured from center line to center
line. Should local conditions prevent such a separation of 10 feet,
a sewer line may be laid closer than 10 feet if:
[1]
It is laid in a separate trench; or
[2]
It is laid in the same trench, with a water
main located at one side on a bench of undisturbed earth; and
[3]
In either case, the elevation of the top (crown)
of the sewer line is at least 18 inches below the bottom (invert)
of the water service line; and
[4]
It is laid in accordance with generally accepted
engineering practices.
(f)
Finished grade of streets and sanitary sewer
right-of-way.
(g)
Finished grade of streets or sanitary sewer
rights-of-way shall be designed and constructed in such manner as
to permit maintenance and internal inspection by Authority equipment
or without any danger of injury to Authority personnel or any danger
of damage to Authority equipment.
B.
Examination and inspection. The work shall at all
times be subject to examination and inspection by the Authority and
the Township. It shall be the responsibility of the inspector to assure
compliance with plans and specifications and to alert the Authority
to any modifications or plans required to meet unexpected conditions
found during construction and to make suggestions to minimize future
collection system maintenance. The Authority reserves the right to
stop any phase of work which does not comply with the provisions of
these specifications.
C.
Observation of laws. The contractor or subcontractor
at all times shall observe and comply with all federal and state laws
and regulations and any local bylaws, ordinances and regulations in
any manner affecting the conduct of the work or applying to employees
on the project, as well as safety precautions which apply.
D.
Permit and licenses. The applicant, contractor or
subcontractor shall, unless otherwise specified, procure all necessary
permits and licenses, pay all charges and fees and file all notices
necessary to the proper and lawful prosecution of the work.
E.
Safety requirements. The contractor or subcontractor
shall furnish, erect and maintain at closures, intersections and throughout
the project all necessary approved barricades, signals, warning signs
and closure signs and shall take all necessary precautions for the
protection of the work and safety of the public. All barricades shall
be illuminated at night and all lights shall be kept burning from
sunset to sunrise.
F.
Work conditions.
(1)
The work shall at all times be subject to the examination
and inspection of the Authority or its representative. No night or
weekend work requiring the presence of the Authority representative
will be permitted, except in case of emergency, and then only with
written consent of the Authority. All inspections and tests shall
be performed without unnecessarily delaying the work. All materials
and workmanship not otherwise designated by the specifications shall
be subject to inspection and test by the Authority at the cost of
the contractor or subcontractor. The Authority shall have the right
to reject defective material or workmanship or require its correction.
(2)
When any material not conforming to the requirements
of the specifications and drawings has been delivered to the site
of the project or incorporated in the work or when work performed
is of inferior quality, such material or work shall be considered
as defective and shall be immediately removed and renewed or made
satisfactory as directed by the Authority.
G.
Cleaning site. The contractor or subcontractor shall
at all times keep the site free from accumulations of waste material
or rubbish caused by the work. Before work will be considered as complete,
the contractor or subcontractor shall clean and remove from the project
and adjacent property all surplus and discarded materials, equipment
and temporary structures.
H.
Notification of inspection. A minimum of 24 hours
notice prior to the beginning of any sewer work shall be given the
Authority Sewer Department to alert it to the commencement of the
project. If work is stopped for any reason after it has been started,
an additional twenty-four-hour notice shall be given before restarting
work. No sewer pipe shall be covered or backfilled before it has been
inspected by the Authority.
A.
Scope of work. The contractor or subcontractor shall
furnish all labor, materials, equipment, machinery, apparatus and
tools and perform all operations necessary to install, equip, adjust
and to put into satisfactory operation the work of the project, and
shall so connect the various items or sections of the work so as to
form a complete and operating whole.
B.
Intent of specifications and drawings. The Authority
and Township will not accept any sanitary sewer extension provided
by a developer unless and until all requirements of these specifications
have been met.
C.
Special requirements.
(1)
If the sewer line is to cross telegraph, electric
cable, gas, oil or water lines, no excavation or pipe-laying shall
be done at those crossings without the presence of an authorized representative
of the Authority having jurisdiction, and no such excavation shall
be done without the prior written approval of the owner or lessee
of such line.
(2)
Sewer lines and other work shall be protected at all
times against damage from uplift due to high groundwater table.
(3)
The contractor or subcontractor will be required to
maintain, at all times during construction of the work, the flow of
sewage in the existing sewerage systems to which the connections are
being made.
(4)
Connections to an existing sanitary sewer shall be
made in such a manner as to provide a watertight installation. Where
manholes are core-drilled into for installation of connections, they
shall be restored to their original condition using materials similar
to those in the existing structure.
(5)
Where a sewer will be constructed within state highway
rights-of-way, the applicant shall make necessary applications for
permits to construct such sewers. It shall be, however, the responsibility
of the contractor or subcontractor to construct the sewer in strict
compliance with the requirements of Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
(6)
Streets shall not be unnecessarily obstructed, and
the contractor or subcontractor shall take such measures as may be
necessary to keep the street or road open and safe for traffic.
(7)
Where sewers are to be installed within the limits of streets, all removal and protection of street paving, backfilling of trenches, temporary and permanent replacement of street paving, restoration of shoulders and the maintenance and protection of traffic shall be performed in strict conformance with the requirements of the Township. All sewer trenches within the limits of streets in the Township shall be restored in accordance with Chapter 187, Streets and Sidewalks, Article I.
A.
Cement. All cement for use in items of concrete construction
shall conform to American Association of State Highway Officials (ASTM)
Designation C 150, Type II, or shall be portland blast furnace slag
cement conforming to Type IS, ASTM Designation C595, with the additional
requirement that the tricalcium aluminate content of the portland
cement clinker constituent not exceed 8%.
B.
Concrete. All concrete shall be air-entrained and
the cement-concrete mixtures shall be proportioned by weight. In proportioning
concrete, the unit weight of the aggregate shall be based on the specific
gravity thereof, and the unit weight of water and cement shall be
taken as 62.4 pounds per cubic foot and 94.0 pounds per cubic foot,
respectively. Bulk specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the
weight in air of given volume of a permeable material, including both
permeable and impermeable voids normal in the material, at a stated
temperature to the weight in air of an equal volume of distilled water
at the same temperature. When slag is specified or permitted, it shall
be subject to tests to determine the actual weight per cubic foot,
and if these weights are obtained on the basis of bulk specific gravity,
the actual weights shall be used as a basis for proportioning. The
maximum amount of water specified for the various mixes shall include
the free water in the aggregate and in calcium chloride solution,
if any. Determinations of the moisture content of the aggregate shall
be made on samples taken from stock and in the manner and at the times
required by the Authority.
C.
Manhole frame and cover. All manhole frames and covers
shall consist of gray iron castings conforming to ASTM A 48, Class
No. 30, designed for American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Officials (AASHTO) Highway Loading Class HS-20. All manhole frames
and covers shall provide castings of uniform quality, free from blowholes,
porosity, hard spots, shrinkage distortion or other defects. Frames
and cover design and dimensions are as indicated on drawings. Design
standards shall be as follows:
(1)
Finish. Bearing surfaces shall be machined to prevent
rocking and rattling under traffic. Casting surfaces shall be shotblast
cleaned and coated with asphalt paint, non-tacky-drying.
(2)
Identification. Cast the word "SEWER" integrally on
the cover in two-inch-size raised letters.
(3)
Frame hold-down bolts. Frame hold-down bolts shall
conform to ASTM A 307.
(4)
Cover gasket. A one-piece O-ring gasket shall be factory-installed
in a machined rectangular or dovetail groove in the bearing surface
of the cover.
(5)
Tensile test bar. All tensile test bars shall be Size
B, cast separately, but poured from the same iron as the castings
they represent.
D.
Watertight manhole frame and cover. All watertight
manhole frames and covers shall consist of gray iron castings conforming
to specified requirements for manhole frames and covers, with the
addition of cover hold-down bolts.
(1)
Cover hold-down bolts shall be Type 316 stainless
steel, ASTM A 276, bolts and washers; or manufacturer's standard bronze
bolts and washers.
E.
Preformed plastic sealing compound. Preformed plastic
sealing compound shall conform to Federal Spec, SS-S021OA, Type 1,
Rope Form, of either bitumastic base compound or butyl rubber base
compound, and shall be shipped protected in a removable two-piece
wrapper. The size cross-section of the rope form is to provide squeeze-out
of material around the entire interior and exterior circumference
when the joint is completed. The following products are acceptable:
F.
PVC waterstop. PVC waterstop shall consist of a gasket-type
waterstop composed of virgin polyvinyl chloride (PVC), such as a CMA
Concrete Manhole Adapter manufactured by Fernco Joint Sealer Co. (CMA
Waterstop distributed by The General Engineering Company, Frederick,
Maryland). It shall be used with cast-in-place concrete base or connection
to existing manhole.
G.
Reinforced concrete pipe. Reinforced concrete pipe
shall conform to the requirements of ASTM Specifications Designation
C 76 and shall be manufactured with Type II portland cement conforming
to ASTM Specifications Designation C 150. Pipe shall be Class III,
unless the earth or other loads on the pipe or other conditions require
a stronger class of pipe. Sizes up to and including 24 inches in diameter
shall be of the bell-and-spigot or tongue-and-groove joint type. The
pipe shall be absolutely free from honeycomb and shall present a hard,
dense surface inside and outside. The roughness coefficient shall
not exceed 0.013. Joints for reinforced concrete pipe shall be formed
of special shaped steel joint rings and sealed by a round rubber gasket,
contained in an external groove in the spigot or tongue ring. Joint
and rubber gaskets shall conform to the requirements specified in
American Water Works Association (AWWA) Standard C 302. The rubber
gasket shall be the sole element depended upon to make the joint watertight
and shall have a smooth surface free from any imperfection.
H.
Polyvinyl chloride plastic sewer pipe.
(1)
This specification designates the general requirements
for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic gravity sewer pipe
with integral wall bell and spigot joints for the conveyance of sanitary
sewage. Pipe and fittings shall meet an extra-strength minimum of
SDR-35 of the requirements of ASTM D 3034. The pipe shall be colored
either white or green for in-ground identification as sewer pipe.
All pipe shall be suitable for use as a gravity sewer conduit, having
provisions for contraction and expansion at each joint by use of a
rubber ring. The bell of the pipe shall consist of an integral wall
section with a solid cross-section rubber ring, factory assembled
and securely locked in place to prevent displacement. Sizes of sewer
pipe allowed for use in the Township shall be eight inches or larger.
(2)
Joints shall be of push-on rubber gasket type conforming
to ASTM D 3212. Rubber gaskets shall conform to ASTM F 477 and shall
be suitable for use in pipelines conveying sanitary sewage.
(3)
All fittings and accessories shall be as manufactured
and furnished by the pipe supplier or approved equal and shall have
bell and spigot configurations identical to that of the pipe.
(4)
Minimum pipe stiffness at 5% deflection shall be 46
for all pipe sizes when tested in accordance with ASTM D 2412, external
loading properties of plastic pipe by parallel-plate loading.
(5)
Tightness of joints shall be capable of withstanding
an external hydrostatic pressure of 10 pounds per square inch or 25
feet of water as specified by ASTM D 3213 for a period of one hour.
Any leakage at the pipe joint during this test period would be considered
a failure of the test requirement.
A.
General. The contractor or subcontractor shall excavate,
protect and backfill all trenches necessary for the completion of
the work of the project. All excavation shall be in open ditches,
except where and to such extent as the Authority may authorize or
require that the same be done in tunnel. In general, trenches may
be excavated and backfilled either by machinery or by hand as the
contractor may elect, provided that the contractor shall use hand
excavation where necessary to protect existing structures, utilities
or private or public property.
B.
Removal and protection of paving. The contractor or
subcontractor shall clear the surface and remove all surface material
of whatever nature over the line of the trench, and he shall properly
separate and classify the materials removed. The contractor or subcontractor
shall be responsible for any loss of or damage to paving materials
through his own or his employees' careless removal or neglect or wasteful
storage, disposal or use of the same. Pavement shall be cut in neat
lines equidistant from the center line of the trench, using equipment
suitable for such work, and the edges of the pavement shall be protected
and maintained by the contractor or subcontractor until the repaving
is completed. If the pavement edges are not maintained to the satisfaction
of the Township, the pavement shall be recut when the repaving is
done. All concrete paving shall be cut with a mechanical saw.
C.
Order of work. Service connections and manholes shall
be constructed either at the same time as the main sewer or immediately
after its completion. All street paving shall be repaved by the contractor
or subcontractor after which the street surface shall be cleaned.
D.
Sewer line and grade. Sewer lines and grade shall
be laid out and maintained during construction in the following manner.
Before the excavation is begun for any run of main sewer, the contractor's
or subcontractor's personnel shall set control points for line and
grade. In unpaved areas, these points shall be placed on the top of
stakes securely driven into the ground. In paved areas there may be
spikes driven into the paving or crosses cut into the paving and,
in either case, enclosed in a painted circle. Stakes or points shall
be sufficiently offset from the center line of the trench so as to
be undisturbed during the excavation and pipelaying operations.
E.
Width and depth of trench.
(1)
From the subgrade elevation to an elevation at least
12 inches above the top of the outside barrel of the pipe, the banks
of trenches shall be excavated to vertical lines, and the trenches
shall not be less than 12 inches nor more than 16 inches wider than
the outside diameter at the barrel of the pipe to be laid.
(2)
From a point 12 inches above the top of the pipe to
the surface, the banks of trenches in all streets, either paved or
unpaved, shall be kept as nearly vertical as possible, and in no case
shall the width of the trench at the top exceed the outside diameter
of the pipe plus 40 inches.
(3)
In easements and rights-of-way, the maximum width
of the trench at the top may be exceeded only if the construction
is kept entirely within the easement or right-of-way and can be carried
on without damage to adjoining property. The angle of slope shall
be the angle at which the trench bank will stand without sliding,
and in no case shall the angle be steeper than 1/2 horizontal to one
vertical.
F.
Pipe foundation.
(1)
In all trenches, for all types of pipe, first-class
bedding shall be provided as a foundation unless concrete cradle or
concrete encasement is to be provided.
(2)
First-class bedding shall be constructed in accordance
with the detail shown on detail drawings. Bedding material shall consist
of crushed stone, 2B or smaller.
(3)
If concrete encasement of pipe is required for stream
crossings, the concrete encasement shall be terminated five feet back
from the top edge of the stream bank.
G.
Length of open trench. The Authority shall have the
right to limit the amount of trench opened in advance of pipelaying
and the amount of pipe laid in advance of backfilling, but in no case
shall these amounts exceed 301 feet, respectively.
H.
Pipe haunching. The pipe-haunching material shall
be properly compacted to limit deflection of the pipe.
I.
Initial backfill. The initial backfill shall be from
the springline of the pipe to a point at least 12 inches above the
crown of the pipe. Bedding and haunching materials shall be Class
I bedding materials, one-quarter-inch to three-quarter-inch crushed
stone. The trench bottom shall be smooth and free from large stones,
dirt clods and frozen material. Excavation for bell holes shall be
provided to allow uniform support for the pipe. The foundation and
bedding shall be shaped by hand to provide a satisfactory bedding.
A minimum of six inches of bedding material shall be provided for
pipe support. Backfill materials shall be placed in such a manner
so as to not damage or disturb the pipe.
J.
Backfilling of trenches.
(1)
After proper placement of initial backfill materials,
the remainder of the trench shall be refilled evenly to the required
height in layers, each layer not to exceed six inches thickness after
compaction.
(2)
In rock trenches, crushed stone, 1/4 inch to 3/4 inch,
shall be provided and used as backfill of the trench to a height of
12 inches above the top of the pipe, and the balance of the backfill
of the trench shall be good earth, sand or gravel, which shall contain
no stones more than six inches in the largest diameter, but not in
proportion exceeding 20% of the total volume of the backfill.
(3)
All trenches in highways shall be backfilled from
the top of the initial backfill for the remainder of the trench with
2RC stone. Within highways, all trenches shall be backfilled in four-inch
layers and tamped by mechanical means.
[Amended 11-9-1998 by Ord. No. 98-10]
(4)
Tamping of haunching and initial backfill materials
shall be accomplished by either hand tamping bars or by mechanical
tampers. Care shall be taken to avoid contact between the pipe and
compaction equipment. Compaction of the bedding shall be done in such
a way that the compaction equipment is not used directly above the
pipe until sufficient backfill has been placed to assure the equipment
will not damage the pipe or cause deflection. Hydro-hammers shall
not be used within three feet of the top of the pipe.
K.
Responsibility for condition of excavation. The contractor
or subcontractor shall solely be responsible for the condition and
results of all excavation made by him. All slides and cave-ins shall
be removed by the contractor or subcontractor at whatever time and
under whatever circumstances they may occur.
A.
General. Manholes shall consist of precast, reinforced
concrete, round riser sections and eccentric cone or flat slab top
sections on concrete bases, with aluminum manhole steps. The contractor
or subcontractor shall have the option of providing either poured-in-place
manhole bases or precast concrete bases. Manholes shall conform to
the design and dimensions shown on the sewer detail drawings.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Said drawings are on file in
the Township offices.
B.
Precast manhole bases.
(1)
Precast manhole bases shall be of the design and dimensions
shown on the sewer detail drawings. When precast manhole bases are
used, they shall be installed on a layer of crushed stone which shall
have a minimum depth of six inches in rock and eight inches in dirt.
Openings in precast concrete bases to accommodate the connection of
the sewer pipe shall be custom preformed for each manhole base at
the time of manufacture of the base at the manufacturer's plant. Openings
for connection of sewer pipe shall be of the size and shape required
for the particular type of pipe seal provided.
(2)
Connections of rigid types of sewer pipe shall be
made to precast manhole bases by means of a rubber gasket-type seal
similar and approved equal to A-LOK manhole pipe seal, as manufactured
by A-LOK Products Corporation, Trenton, New Jersey; RES-SEAL, as manufactured
by Scales Manufacturing Corporation, Newburgh, New York; PRESS-WEDGE
11, as manufactured by Press Seal Gasket Corporation, Fort Wayne,
Indiana; or Lock Joint Flexible Manhole Sleeve, as manufactured by
Interpace Corporation, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
(3)
Connections of polyvinyl chloride plastic sewer pipe
to precast manhole bases shall be made with a rubber ring water stop,
stretched around the pipe, and cast into the structure wall or base.
C.
Poured-in-place manhole bases.
(2)
If poured-in-place manhole bases are used, the base
shall be constructed of unreinforced concrete poured into a basin
formed in the bottom of a manhole excavation. Before the concrete
is poured into the excavation, a minimum of six inches of crushed
stone shall be evenly placed to form a firm foundation for the manhole
base.
(3)
The top of poured-in-place manhole bases shall be
accurately formed to receive the tongue of the bottom precast concrete
manhole section and shall be poured monolithically with the base slab
as shown on the sewer detail drawings.
(4)
Poured-in-place manhole bases for connection to polyvinyl
chloride plastic sewer pipe shall have, cast into the base, a rubber
ring water stop for connection of the pipe to the base.
(5)
Prior to installing rigid-type sewer pipe, in poured-in-place
manhole bases, in order to assure a watertight installation, the piping
shall be completely coated with a concrete bonding agent so that when
the concrete is poured, a tight bond between the pipe and the concrete
is obtained. The concrete bonding agent to be used shall be similar
and approved equal to Opalite 600 bonding agent, as manufactured by
Upco Chemical Division of USM Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio.
D.
Manhole riser sections.
(1)
Walls of manholes shall be constructed of precast,
reinforced concrete manhole sections. The riser and top section shall
be manufactured in compliance with the requirements of ASTM Specifications
Designation C 478 for precast reinforced concrete manhole sections.
(2)
Riser sections shall have tongue-and-groove ends and
a minimum wall thickness as shown on the sewer detail drawings.[3] Top sections shall be of eccentric cone or flat slab top
design, as required by the sewer detail drawings. Eccentric cone top
sections shall have the same minimum wall thickness as the round riser
sections. Flat slab tops shall have a minimum thickness as shown on
the sewer detail drawings and shall be reinforced with steel in accordance
with the design requirements specified in ASTM Specification C 478.
Top sections shall have a top width of such design and dimensions
as to properly support the required manhole frame and cover and the
lower joint shall be of tongue and groove design.
[3]
Editor's Note: Said drawings are on file in
the Township offices.
E.
Precast concrete manhole grade rings. Precast concrete
manhole grade rings for leveling units shall be manufactured in compliance
with the requirements of the specifications for precast reinforced
concrete manhole sections, ASTM Designation C 478, and shall be three
inches or four inches thick, as necessary to provide grade adjustment.
F.
Manhole steps.
(1)
Aluminum steps shall be Aluminum Alloy AA Designation
6061-T6. Coat that portion of the aluminum step being embedded in
concrete with heavy-bodied bituminous paint.
(2)
Cast-iron steps shall be gray iron casting meeting
requirements of ASTM A 48, Class No. 30.
(3)
Reinforced plastic steps shall be composed of a three-eighths-inch,
Grade 60, ASTM A 615, deformed steel reinforcing bar completely encapsulated
in Grade 49108, ASTM D 4104 polypropylene copolymer compound, Type
II; M.A. Industries, Inc., Type PS4, or equal.
(4)
Manhole steps shall be installed in the walls of the
riser and conical sections at the manufacturer's plant. The installation
of manhole steps in the walls of the riser and conical top sections
in the field shall not be allowed. Manhole steps shall be aligned
vertically and spaced so as to be on equal centers in the assembled
manhole at a maximum distance apart of 12 inches.
(5)
When precast manhole riser or conical sections are
set on precast or poured-in-place manhole bases in the field, the
steps in the riser and conical sections shall be aligned in such a
way as not to be located over any invert of any sewer line either
entering or leaving the manhole.
H.
Concrete channel fill. The concrete channel fill shall
be poured in the field for all manhole bases. Inverts shall be formed
directly in the concrete channel fill of the manhole bases and shall
be of smooth steel troweled finish and accurately shaped to a semicircular
bottom and conforming to the inside of the adjacent sewer sections.
Changes in size and grade shall be made gradually. Changes in direction
shall have a true curve of as large a radius as the size of the manhole
will permit. Steep slopes outside the invert shall be avoided.
I.
Length of pipe connections to manholes. Where pipe
connections to manholes are made to rubber gasket pipe seals or steel
ball joint rings, the sewer pipe at the point of connection shall
not be more than five feet in length.
J.
Adjustment of manhole frames and covers. Where required, adjustment of the frame to the final elevation shall be made by precast concrete manhole grade rings. Joints between grade rings shall be made with preformed plastic sealing compound. After the grade rings have been installed, all outside joints shall be neatly plastered with a minimum one-half-inch cement mortar. Manhole frames shall be attached through the grade rings as specified in Subsection G.
[Amended 11-9-1998 by Ord. No. 98-10]
A.
Handling of pipe. Care shall be taken in unloading
and storage of the pipe at the construction site to avoid damage to
the pipe or joints.
B.
Pipelaying.
(1)
Sewer pipe installation shall be done by use of grade
line strings, batter boards or laser beam or a combination of one
or more of these methods. Small-diameter pipe, up to and including
10 inches, can be placed directly on the bedding material with the
bell end facing upstream. Larger-diameter pipe shall be supported
in place with a lifting hook or sling until the joining operation
is completed.
(2)
Following the trench preparation and installation
of the required first-class bedding, pipelaying shall proceed upgrade
with the pipe laid carefully and true to lines and grades given. When
laying bell and spigot pipe, the bell end shall be laid upgrade. The
grade and alignment of each length of pipe shall be carefully checked
before installing another section. Each pipe shall be inspected before
laying, and any pipe with cracks or defects shall not be used. Each
section of pipe shall rest upon the pipe bed for the full length of
its barrel, with recesses excavated so that the invert forms a continuous
grade with the invert of the pipe previously laid. The inside of all
pipe and the inside of the bell and outside of the spigot shall be
thoroughly cleaned of all foreign matter before lowered into the trench
and shall be kept clean during the laying operation by means of plugs
or other devices.
[Amended 11-9-1998 by Ord. No. 98-10]
(3)
When laying PVC pipe, the spigot shall be cleaned
and lubricated, with care being taken not to allow the spigot end
of the pipe to touch the bedding material after lubrication. Insert
the spigot end of the pipe into the bell, making contact with the
rubber ring. While keeping the pipe in proper alignment, brace the
bell as the spigot of the pipe is pushed into the bell. Assembly may
either be made by hand or with a wooden block. Stabbing of the pipe
shall not be allowed. Care must be taken to ensure that the pipe is
not overassembled, beyond the reference mark, because this will cause
the spigot to squeeze down in the neck of the bell, creating a reduced
internal diameter of the spigot end.
(4)
Walking or working on the complete pipeline, except
as necessary in tamping or backfilling, shall not be permitted until
the trench has been backfilled to a height of at least one foot over
the top of the pipe.
C.
Protection of the pipe. Once the sewer pipe has been
laid to a true grade and alignment, it should be protected from displacement
or breakage until the trench is backfilled. Protection may be provided
by placement of initial backfill material. The upper end of the pipe
shall be plugged at the end of the work day or if pipelaying is to
be stopped for several hours.
D.
Drop connections to manholes. Where change in grade
of the sewer line requires the use of a drop manhole, the pipe and
fittings used to make those drop connections shall be of the same
type pipe and fittings as used to construct the sewer line. All drop
connections to manholes shall be of the outside-drop-type as shown
in the sewer detail drawings.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Said drawings are on file in
the Township offices.
E.
Branches.
(1)
Wye branches shall be of the same pipe material as
the pipe used to construct the main sewer to which it is connected.
In general, connections to sewer mains shall be made with commercially
manufactured branches and 1/8 bend.
(2)
When additional sewer lateral connections are required
after the sewer main has been constructed, cast-iron saddles held
in place by stainless steel bands will be used for connection to vitrified
clay and reinforced concrete pipe.
(3)
All sewer saddles used for PVC pipe shall be of the
gasketed, strap-on-type, and shall be held in place with two stainless
steel hose clamps.
F.
Service connections.
(1)
The contractor or subcontractor shall build complete,
to such points as shown on the sewer detail drawings, all service
connections. All service connections laid in street rights-of-way
shall be completed to a point at least behind the curbline of the
street or out of the state row. Should the contractor or subcontractor
damage or disturb any curb or sidewalk, he will be required to restore
the same to a condition equal to or better than existed prior to being
disturbed. The ends of all service connections shall be closed with
watertight plugs and marked with a two-by-four, three feet above ground
level.
(2)
The depth of cut to the inverts of service connections
shall be determined in advance of the excavation. Pipe for service
connections shall be laid true to the required lines and grades and,
unless otherwise required, shall be at a 90° angle to the curbline.
Service connection trenches at the upper end of the service connection
shall not be backfilled by the contractor or subcontractor until the
elevation and location of the service connection has been inspected
and approved by the Authority. Location markers shall be installed
by the contractor or subcontractor at the upper free end of the service
connection and shall consist of any upright piece of two-inch-by-four-inch
lumber set plumb at the end of the service connection, and shall be
three feet above the existing ground.
G.
Joint of bell and spigot pipe. The method of joining
pipe with resilient joints is as follows:
A.
Sewer pipe. All polyvinyl chloride plastic sewer pipe
meeting the extra-strength minimum of SDR-35 of the requirements of
ASTM D3034. Sewer pipe larger than 16 inches in diameter shall be
of reinforced concrete. Sanitary sewer pipe shall be of cast iron
or ductile iron in locations where required by the Authority because
of prevailing conditions or where required by utility companies or
governmental bodies.
B.
Minimum depth of cover. Minimum depth of cover for
all sewer pipe shall be at least five feet.
C.
Construction plans. Construction plans for sewer main
extensions shall be prepared on sheets having overall dimensions of
30 inches in height by 36 inches in width. Plans shall be drawn with
a horizontal scale of 50 feet to one inch and a vertical scale of
10 feet to one inch. All elevations shown on the construction plans
shall be based on the datum of the existing sewers of the Township.
A.
General. All newly constructed sewer mains eight inches
or larger in diameter shall be inspected and tested prior to being
placed in operation or accepted by the Authority. The method of inspection
and air testing shall be at the discretion of the Authority.
B.
Air testing by the contractor.
(1)
At its own discretion, the Authority may allow the
contractor or subcontractor to air test newly installed sewer main
extensions using his personnel and equipment under the supervision
and inspection of the Authority.
(2)
If this type of air testing is permitted, the contractor
or subcontractor shall furnish all equipment and labor necessary for
conducting the air test of sewer main extensions. The air testing
of the sewer lines shall be done by the contractor's or subcontractor's
personnel in the presence of an Authority Sewer Inspector. All costs
incurred for air testing of the sewer, including the wages of the
Inspector, shall be the responsibility of the contractor or subcontractor.
A minimum 24 hours' notice in advance of the air testing will be given
to the Authority Sewer Department.
C.
Television inspection and air testing.
(1)
At the discretion of the Authority and wherever possible,
television inspection and air testing of the completed sewer line
extensions shall be required. The sewer inspection and joint-by-joint
air testing shall be conducted by Sewer Authority personnel in the
presence of a representative of the contractor or subcontractor.
(2)
Prior to television inspection and air testing by
the Authority, all roadways and rights-of-way in the construction
area shall be graded and leveled and made passable for the sewer inspection
van.
(3)
All costs and expenses incurred by the Authority in
television inspection and air testing of the sewer line extension
shall be the responsibility of the contractor or subcontractor and
shall be paid in full before the sewer can be put into operation or
accepted by the Authority.
D.
Repairing defective pipe.
[Amended 11-9-1998 by Ord. No. 98-10]
(1)
If, in the course of the television inspection or
air testing of the sewer main, it is found that any pipe or pipe connection
will not maintain the proper air pressure, it will be the responsibility
of the contractor or subcontractor to correct the defect prior to
placing the system in operation or acceptance by the Authority.
(2)
All charges due the Authority or Sanitary Sewer Engineer
shall be paid in full before the system is placed in operation or
accepted by the Authority.
E.
Manhole testing procedures. Generally, test each manhole
constructed in the project by methods specified herein. If the manhole
is constructed on an existing sewer where sewage flow must be maintained,
the test will be waived.
(1)
Conduct tests in presence of and to complete satisfaction
of the Authority personnel.
(2)
Should a manhole not satisfactorily pass testing,
discontinue manhole construction in the project until that manhole
does test satisfactorily.
(3)
Provide tools, materials (including water), equipment
and instruments necessary to conduct the manhole testing specified
herein.
(a)
Vacuum testing equipment.
[1]
Use vacuum apparatus equipped with necessary
piping, control valves and gauges to control the air removal rate
from the manhole and to monitor vacuum.
[2]
Provide an extra vacuum gauge of known accuracy
to frequently check test equipment and apparatus.
[3]
Provide the seal plate with vacuum piping connections
for inserting in manhole frame.
[4]
Prior to testing, clean manholes thoroughly
and seal openings, both to the complete satisfaction of the Authority.
Seal openings using properly sized plugs.
[5]
Perform testing with frames installed. Include
the joint between the manhole and manhole frame in the test.
[6]
The contractor may elect to make a test for
his own purposes prior to backfilling. However, conduct tests of the
manholes for acceptance, only after the backfilling has been completed.
(b)
(c)
Repair and retest to determine source or sources
of leaks in manholes failing acceptable limits.
[1]
Repair or replace defective materials and workmanship,
as is the case, and conduct such additional manhole acceptance tests
and such subsequent repairs and retesting as required until manholes
meet test requirements.
[2]
Materials and methods used to make manhole repairs
shall meet with the Engineer's approval prior to use.
[3]
Make repairs, replacements and retests at no
increase in contract price.
(d)
Final inspection and approval.
[1]
No newly constructed sanitary sewer extension
or any of its appurtenances shall be placed in operation or considered
for acceptance by the Authority until all of the requirements of the
specifications are met, including final inspection and approval of
the entire system.
[2]
Before final inspection may be requested by
the contractor or subcontractor, the following criteria must be met:
[Amended 11-9-1998 by Ord. No. 98-10]
[a]
Submission of plans, profiles and
specifications for review and approval;
[b]
Installation and inspection of
the sewer line as required by these specifications;
[c]
Air testing of all sewer lines
and joints;
[d]
Raising of manhole frames and covers
to the final elevation;
[e]
Vacuum testing of all manholes;
[f]
Submission of as-built plans as
necessary;
[g]
Submission of service connection
locations;
[h]
Cleaning of all pipes and appurtenances
of the sewer main extension; and
[i]
Payment in full of all moneys due
the Authority, with respect to fees, charges, permits, licenses, inspection
and testing, and any other related costs or expenses incurred by the
Authority.
[3]
No certificate of use and occupancy shall be
issued by the Code Official for any building or structure connected
or to be connected to the sanitary sewer extension before final inspection
and approval of the entire system.
A.
The Authority and the Board of Commissioners shall
be empowered to establish and reestablish from time to time, by resolution,
charges for the review of plans, profiles and specifications, inspections,
materials furnished, work done, testing or other related costs or
expenses incurred or paid by the Authority. Such charges shall be
reasonable and sufficient to reimburse the Authority for the costs
of time of employees involved, materials furnished and overhead. The
charges of the Authority Engineer and Sanitary Sewer Engineer shall
be paid to the Authority by the applicant, contractor or subcontractor
upon the submission of bills therefor to the applicant, contractor
or subcontractor, from time to time, as such charges are billed to
the Authority. Payment shall be made to the Authority by cash or personal
check, except that the Authority Manager may require a certified check
when he deems such necessary.
B.
No certificate of use and occupancy shall be issued
by the Code Official for any building or structure connected to or
to be connected to the sanitary sewer extension before payment to
the Authority or Township of all charges, costs or expenses of the
Authority or Township.
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General
Provisions, Art. I)]
Any person who violates or permits a violation
of this article shall, upon conviction in a summary proceeding under
the Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure, be guilty of a summary
offense and shall be punishable by a fine of not more than $1,000,
plus court costs and reasonable attorneys' fees incurred by the Township
in the enforcement proceedings. Upon judgment against any person by
summary conviction, or by proceedings by summons on default of the
payment of the fine or penalty imposed and the costs, the defendant
may be sentenced to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 90 days.
Each day that such violation exists shall constitute a separate offense,
and each section of this article that is violated shall also constitute
a separate offense. In addition to or in lieu of enforcement under
this section, the Township may enforce this article in equity in the
Court of Common Pleas of Cumberland County.
In the event that strict compliance with the
terms and provisions of this article will result in an undue hardship
by reason of unique physical circumstances or conditions or limited
rights-of-way, the Board of Commissioners may grant a variance therefrom,
provided that such variance is necessary to enable installation of
the sewer line, manhole or other appurtenances, will not be detrimental
to the public interest or substantially impair the appropriate use
or development of adjacent property or utilities, will represent the
minimum variance that will afford provisions in issue and is in accordance
with generally accepted engineering practices.
