In accordance with Act 164 of 1984, entitled "Pennsylvania Laws
Relating to Aviation to Prevent the Creation or Establishment of Airport
Hazards," the following provisions, as contained within the Model
Airport Zoning Ordinance for Lower Allen Township, prepared by L.
Robert Kimball and Associates, 1989, as well as all referenced material
and mapping contained within the cited model ordinance, are adopted
as part of this chapter. Copies of the Model Airport Zoning Ordinance
for Lower Allen Township are available in the Township offices.
The following words and phrases, when used in this article, shall have the meaning given to each herein and shall supersede definitions as contained in Article
II of this chapter, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:
AIRCRAFT
Any contrivance, except an unpowered hang glider or parachute,
used for manned ascent into or flight through the air.
AIRPORT
Harrisburg International and Capital City Airports, and any
area of land or water which is used or intended to be used for the
landing and takeoff of aircraft, and any appurtenant areas which are
used or intended to be used for airport buildings or air navigation
facilities or rights-of-way, together with all airport buildings and
facilities thereon. As used herein, the term "airport" includes public
airports but excludes private airports and heliports. Public and private
airports are defined separately in this section.
AIRPORT ELEVATIONS
The highest point of an airport's usable landing area, measured
in feet above sea level (Harrisburg International Airport: 310 feet;
Capital City Airport: 347 feet).
AIRPORT HAZARD
Any structure or object, natural or man-made, or use of land
which obstructs the airspace required for flight of aircraft in landing
or taking off at an airport or is otherwise hazardous as defined by
"airport hazard" in 74 Pa.C.S.A. § 5102.
AIRPORT HAZARD AREA
Any area of land or water upon which an airport hazard might
be established if not prevented as provided for in this article and
Act 164 of 1984 (Pennsylvania Laws Relating to Aviation).
APPROACH SURFACE
A surface longitudinally centered on the extended runway center line, extending outward and upward from the end of the primary surface and at the same slope as the approach surface zone height limitation slope set forth in §
220-229.1 of this article. In plan, the perimeter of the approach surface coincides with the perimeter of the approach surface zone.
CONICAL SURFACE
A surface extending outward and upward from the periphery
of the horizontal surface at a slope of 20 to one for a horizontal
distance of 4,000 feet.
DEPARTMENT
The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
FAA
The Federal Aviation Administration of the United States
Department of Transportation.
HEIGHT
In determining the height limits in all zones set forth in
this article and shown on the Zoning Map, the datum shall be the mean
sea level elevation, unless otherwise specified.
HORIZONTAL SURFACE
A horizontal plane 150 feet above the established airport
elevation, the perimeter of which, in plan, coincides with the perimeter
of the horizontal surface zone.
LARGER-THAN-UTILITY RUNWAY
A runway that is constructed for and intended to be used
by propeller-driven aircraft of greater than 12,500 pounds maximum
gross weight and jet-powered aircraft.
NONCONFORMING USE
Any preexisting structure, object of natural growth or use
of land which is inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter
or an amendment thereto.
NONPRECISION INSTRUMENT RUNWAY
A runway having an existing instrument approach procedure
utilizing air navigation facilities with only horizontal guidance
or area type navigation equipment for which a straight-in nonprecision
instrument approach procedure has been approved or planned.
OBSTRUCTION
Any structure, growth or other object, including a mobile
object, which exceeds a limiting height set forth in this article.
PERSON
An individual, firm, partnership, corporation, company, association,
joint-stock association or governmental entity, and includes a trustee,
a receiver, an assignee or similar representative.
PRECISION INSTRUMENT RUNWAY
A runway having an existing instrument approach procedure
utilizing an Instrument Landing System (ILS) or a Precision Approach
Radar (PAR). It also means a runway for which a precision approach
system is planned and is so indicated on an approved airport layout
plan or any other planning document.
PRIMARY SURFACE
A surface longitudinally centered on a runway. When the runway
has a specially prepared hard surface, the primary surface extends
200 feet beyond each end of that runway. For military runways or when
the runway has no specially prepared hard surface or planned hard
surface, the primary surface ends at each end of that runway. The
width of the primary surface is set forth in this article. The elevation
of any point on the primary surface is the same as the elevation of
the nearest point on the runway center line.
PRIVATE AIRPORT
An airport which is privately owned and which is not open
or intended to be open to the public as defined in 74 Pa.C.S.A. § 5102.
PUBLIC AIRPORT
An airport which is either publicly or privately owned and
which is open to the public as defined in 74 Pa.C.S.A. § 5102.
RUNWAY
A defined area on an airport prepared for landing and takeoff
of aircraft along its length.
STRUCTURE
An object, including a mobile object, constructed or installed
by man, including, but without limitation, buildings, towers, cranes,
smokestacks, earth formation and overhead transmission lines.
TRANSITIONAL SURFACES
These surfaces extend outward at 90° angles to the runway
center line and the runway center line extended at a slope of seven
feet horizontally for each foot vertically from the sides of the primary
and approach surfaces to where they intersect the horizontal and conical
surfaces. Transitional surfaces for those portions of the precision
approach surfaces, which project through and beyond the limits of
the conical surface, extend a distance of 5,000 feet measured horizontally
from the edge of the approach surface and at 90° angles to the
extended runway center line.
TREE
Any object of natural growth.
UTILITY RUNWAY
A runway that is constructed for and intended to be used
by propeller-driven aircraft of 12,500 pounds maximum gross weight
or less.
VISUAL RUNWAY
A runway intended solely for the operation of aircraft using
visual approach procedures.
In order to carry out the provisions of this chapter, there
are hereby created and established certain zones which include all
lands lying beneath the approach surfaces, transitional surfaces,
horizontal surfaces and conical surfaces as they apply to the Harrisburg
International and Capital City Airports. Such zones are shown on the
Harrisburg International and Capital City Airport Height Limitation
and Zoning District Maps, prepared by the Pennsylvania Department
of Transportation, Bureau of Aviation, and dated 1989, which, by reference,
is made a part of this article. An area located in more than one of
the following zones is considered to be only in the zone with the
more restrictive height limitation. The various zones are hereby established
and defined as follows:
A. Utility runway visual approach surface zone: established beneath
the visual approach surface. The inner edge of this zone coincides
with the width of the primary surface and is 250 feet wide. The zone
expands outward uniformly to a width of 1,250 feet at a horizontal
distance of 5,000 feet from the primary surface. Its center line is
the continuation of the center line of the runway.
B. Utility runway nonprecision instrument approach surface zone: established
beneath the nonprecision instrument approach surface. The inner edge
of this zone coincides with the width of the primary surface and is
500 feet wide. The zone expands outward uniformly to a width of 2,000
feet at a horizontal distance 5,000 feet from the primary surface.
Its center line is the continuation of the center line of the runway.
C. Runway larger than utility visual approach surface zone: established
beneath the visual approach surface. The inner edge of this zone coincides
with the width of the primary surface and is 500 feet wide. The zone
expands outward uniformly to a width of 1,500 feet at a horizontal
distance of 5,000 feet from the primary surface. Its center line is
the continuation of the center line of the runway.
D. Runway larger than utility with a visibility minimum greater than
3/4 mile nonprecision instrument approach surface zone: established
beneath the nonprecision instrument approach surface. The inner edge
of this zone coincides with the width of the primary surface and is
500 feet wide. The zone expands outward uniformly to a width of 3,500
feet at a horizontal distance of 10,000 feet from the primary surface.
Its center line is the continuation of the center line of the runway.
E. Runway larger than utility with a visibility minimum as low as 3/4
mile nonprecision instrument approach surface zone: established beneath
the nonprecision instrument approach surface. The inner edge of this
zone coincides with the width of the primary surface and is 1,000
feet wide. The zone expands outward uniformly to a width of 4,000
feet at a horizontal distance of 10,000 feet from the primary surface.
Its center line is the continuation of the center line of the runway.
F. Precision instrument runway approach surface zone: established beneath
the precision instrument approach surface. The inner edge of this
zone coincides with the width of the primary surface and is 1,000
feet wide. (NOTE: Appropriate runway type and dimension for the width
of the primary surface is set forth in Federal Aviation Regulation
Part 77, Objects Affecting Navigable Airspace, Dimensional Standards
Table, page 19, January 1975.) The zone expands outward uniformly
to a width of 16,000 feet at a horizontal distance of 50,000 feet
from the primary surface. Its center line is the continuation of the
center line of the runway.
G. Transitional surface zone: established beneath the transitional surfaces
adjacent to each runway and approach surface as indicated on the Height
Limitation and Zoning District Map.
H. Horizontal surface zone: established beneath the horizontal surface,
150 feet above the established airport elevation, the perimeter of
which is constructed in accordance with the provisions contained within
the Model Airport Zoning Ordinance to Limit the Height of Objects
Around Airports, prepared by L. Robert Kimball and Associates for
the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Bureau of Aviation,
1989. The horizontal surface zone does not include the approach surface
and transitional surface zones.
I. Conical surface zone: established beneath the conical surface. This
zone commences at the periphery of the horizontal surface and extends
outward therefrom a horizontal distance of 4,000 feet.
Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, no structure shall
be erected, altered or maintained and no tree shall be allowed to
grow in any zone created by this chapter to a height in excess of
the applicable height limit herein established for such zone. Such
applicable height limitations are hereby established for each of the
zones in question as follows:
A. Utility runway visual approach surface zone: slopes 20 feet outward
for each foot upward, beginning at the end of and at the same elevation
as the primary surface and extending to a horizontal distance of 5,000
feet along the extended runway center line.
B. Utility runway nonprecision instrument approach surface zone: slopes
20 feet outward for each foot upward, beginning at the end of and
at the same elevation as the primary surface and extending to a horizontal
distance of 5,000 feet along the extended runway center line.
C. Runway larger than utility visual approach surface zone: slopes 20
feet outward for each foot upward, beginning at the end of and at
the same elevation as the primary surface and extending to a horizontal
distance of 5,000 feet along the extended runway center line.
D. Runway larger than utility with a visibility minimum greater than
3/4 mile nonprecision instrument approach surface zone: slopes 34
feet outward for each foot upward, beginning at the end of and at
the same elevation as the primary surface and extending to a horizontal
distance of 10,000 feet along the extended runway center line.
E. Runway larger than utility with a visibility minimum as low as 3/4
mile nonprecision instrument approach surface zone: slopes 34 feet
upward, beginning at the end of and at the same elevation as the primary
surface and extending to a horizontal distance of 10,000 feet along
the extended runway center line.
F. Precision instrument runway approach surface zone: slopes 50 feet
outward for each foot upward, beginning at the end of and at the same
elevation as the primary surface and extending to a horizontal distance
of 10,000 feet along the extended runway center line, thence slopes
upward 40 feet horizontally for each foot vertically to an additional
horizontal distance of 40,000 feet along the extended runway center
line.
G. Transitional surface zone:
(1)
Slopes seven feet outward for each foot upward, beginning at
the sides of and at the same elevation as the primary surface and
the approach surface and extending to a height of 150 feet above the
airport elevations as follows:
(a)
Harrisburg International Airport: 310 feet above mean sea level.
(b)
Capital City Airport: 347 feet above mean sea level.
(2)
In addition to the foregoing, when an airport has a precision
instrument runway approach surface zone, there are established height
limits sloping seven feet outward for each foot upward, beginning
at the sides of and at the same elevation as the approach surface
and extending to where they intersect the conical surface. Where the
precision instrument runway approach surface zone projects beyond
the conical surface zone, there are established height limits sloping
seven feet outward for each foot upward, beginning at the sides of
and at the same elevation as the approach surface and extending a
horizontal distance of 5,000 feet measured at 90° angles to the
extended runway center line.
H. Horizontal surface zone: established at 150 feet above the established
airport elevation or at heights as follows:
(1)
Harrisburg International Airport: 460 feet above mean sea level.
(2)
Capital City Airport: 497 feet above mean sea level.
I. Conical surface zone: slopes 20 feet outward for each foot upward,
beginning at the periphery of the horizontal surface and at 150 feet
above the established airport elevation, herein defined and extending
to a height of 350 feet above the established airport elevation, herein
defined.
J. Excepted height limitations. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed
as prohibiting the construction or maintenance of any structure or
growth of any tree in accordance with provisions contained within
the Model Airport Zoning Ordinance to Limit the Height of Objects
Around Airports, prepared by L. Robert Kimball and Associates for
the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Bureau of Aviation,
1989.