It is hereby declared and found that the sale of items used to aid the
storage, use and concealment of and to test the strength or purity of illegal
drugs is a widespread and growing practice which is contrary to the public
interest. Many parent and teacher organizations, such as the New York State
Congress of Parents and Teachers, as well as local Parent-Teacher Association
groups have recognized the problem and have encouraged and endorsed legislation
that would prohibit the sale of drug-related paraphernalia. Therefore, public
safety, health, welfare and morals would be best served by discontinuing the
sale of such items.
As used in this local law, the following terms shall have the meanings
indicated:
DRUG PARAPHERNALIA
All equipment, products and materials of any kind which are used,
intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating,
growing, harvesting, manufacturing, compounding, conveying, producing, processing,
preparing, testing, analyzing, packaging, repackaging, storing, containing,
concealing, injecting, ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing into the
human body a controlled substance in violation of the laws of the State of
New York. It includes but is not limited to:
A.
Kits used, intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating,
cultivating, growing or harvesting of any species of plant which is a controlled
substance or from which a controlled substance can be derived.
B.
Kits used, intended for use or designed for use in manufacturing, compounding,
converting, producing, processing or preparing controlled substances.
C.
Isomerization devices used, intended for use or designed for use in
increasing the potency of any species of plant which is a controlled substance.
D.
Testing equipment used, intended for use or designed for use in identifying
or in analyzing the strength, effectiveness or purity of controlled substances.
E.
Scales and balances used, intended for use or designed for use in weighing
or measuring controlled substances.
F.
Diluents and adulterants, such as quinine, hydrochloride, mannitol,
mannite, dextrose and lactose, used, intended for use or designed for use
in cutting controlled substances.
G.
Separation gins and sifters used, intended for use or designed for use
in removing twigs and seeds from or otherwise cleaning or refining marijuana.
H.
Blenders, bowls, containers, spoons and mixing devices used, intended
for use or designed for use in compounding controlled substances.
I.
Capsules, balloons, envelopes and other containers used, intended for
use or designed for use in packaging small quantities of controlled substances.
J.
Containers and other objects used, intended for use or designed for
use in storing or concealing controlled substances.
K.
Hypodermic syringes, needles and the other objects used, intended for
or designed for use in parenterally injecting controlled substances into the
human body.
L.
Objects used, intended for use or designed for use in ingesting or otherwise
introducing marijuana, cocaine or hashish into the human body, such as:
(1)
Metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic or ceramic pipes with
or without screens, permanent screens, hashish heads or punctured bowls.
(3)
Carburetion tubes and devices.
(4)
Smoking and carburetion masks.
(5)
"Roach clips," meaning objects used to hold burning material such as
marijuana cigarettes, that have become too small or too short to be held in
the hand.
(6)
Miniature cocaine spoons and cocaine vials.
M.
Cocaine spoon. A spoon with a bowl so small that the primary use for
which it is reasonably adopted or designed is to hold or administer cocaine
and which is so small as to be unsuited for the typical, lawful uses of a
spoon. A "cocaine spoon" may or may not be labeled as a "cocaine spoon" or
"coke spoon."
N.
Marijuana or hashish pipe. A pipe characterized by a bowl which is so
small that the primary use for which it is reasonably adopted or designed
is the smoking of marijuana or hashish, rather than lawful smoking tobacco,
and which may or may not be equipped with a screen.
In determining whether an object is drug paraphernalia, a court or other
authority should consider, in addition to all other logically relevant factors,
the following:
A. Statements by an owner or by anyone in control of the
object concerning its use.
B. Prior convictions, if any, of the owner, or of anyone
in control of the object, under any state or federal law relating to any controlled
substance.
C. The proximity of the object, in time and space, to a
direct violation of this local law.
D. The proximity of the object to controlled substances.
E. The existence of any residue of controlled substances
on the object.
F. Direct or circumstantial evidence of the intent of an
owner or of anyone in control of the object to deliver it to persons who he
knows, or should reasonably know, intend to use the object to facilitate violation
of this local law; the innocence of an owner or of anyone in control of the
object as the direct violation of this local law should not prevent a finding
that the object is intended for use or designed for use as drug paraphernalia.
G. Instructions, oral or written, provided with the object
concerning its use.
H. Descriptive materials accompanying the object which explain
or depict its use.
I. National and local advertising concerning its use.
J. The manner in which the object is displayed for sale.
K. Whether the owner or anyone in control of the object
is a legitimate supplier of like or related items to the community, such as
licensed distributor or dealer of tobacco products.
L. Direct or circumstantial evidence of the ratio of sales
of the object(s) to the total sales of the business enterprise.
M. The existence and scope of legitimate uses for the object
in the community.
N. Expert testimony concerning its use.
It shall be a violation of this local law for any merchant or other
person to knowingly sell, offer for sale or display any cocaine spoon, marijuana
pipe, hashish pipe or any other drug-related paraphernalia.
A person who violates any provision of this local law is guilty of a
misdemeanor.
If any clause, sentence, paragraph or part of this local law shall be
adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment
shall not affect, impair or invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be
confined in its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph or part thereof
directly involved in the controversy and in which such judgment shall have
been rendered.
This local law shall take effect on the 30th day after it shall have
become a law._