Up to four copies and one digital format copy of the SWM site
plan shall be submitted as follows:
A. One copy to the municipality.
B. One copy to the municipal engineer (when applicable).
C. One copy to the Allegheny County Conservation District (when requested
by the District).
D. One copy to the Allegheny County Sanitary Authority.
A modification to a submitted SWM site plan that involves a
change in SWM BMPs or techniques, or that involves the relocation
or redesign of SWM BMPs, or that is necessary because soil or other
conditions are not as stated on the SWM site plan, as determined by
the designated plan reviewer, shall require a resubmission of the
modified SWM site plan in accordance with this article.
A disapproved SWM site plan may be resubmitted, with the revisions addressing the municipality's concerns, to the municipality in accordance with this article. The applicable review fee, in accord with Article
VI, must accompany a resubmission of a disapproved SWM site plan.
The municipality's approval of an SWM site plan authorizes the regulated activities contained in the SWM site plan for a maximum term of validity of five years following the date of approval. The municipality may specify a term of validity shorter than five years in the approval for any specific SWM site plan. Terms of validity shall commence on the date the municipality signs the approval for an SWM site plan. If an approved SWM site plan is not completed according to §
224-22 within the term of validity, then the municipality may consider the SWM site plan disapproved and may revoke any and all permits. SWM site plans that are considered disapproved by the municipality shall be resubmitted in accordance with §
224-20 of this chapter.
The following paragraphs identify technical and design standards
that must be utilized in all SWM site plans submitted to the Borough:
A. General design standards.
(1) No outlet structure from a stormwater management facility, or swale,
shall discharge directly onto a municipal or state roadway without
approval from the municipality or PennDOT.
(2) The top, or toe, of any slope shall be located a minimum of 10 feet
from any property line.
(3) The minimum horizontal distance between any stormwater holding facility
shall be 25 feet. The lowest floor elevation of any structure constructed
immediately adjacent to a detention basin or other stormwater facility
shall be a minimum of two feet above the one-hundred-year water surface
elevation.
(4) Stormwater management facility bottom (or surface of permanent pool)
elevations must be greater than adjacent floodplain elevations (FEMA
or HEC-RAS analysis). If no floodplain is defined, bottom elevations
must be greater than existing ground elevations 50 feet from top of
stream bank in the facilities' vicinity.
(5) Energy dissipators and/or level spreaders shall be installed at points
where pipes or drainageways discharge to or from basins. Discharges
to drainage swales shall be dissipated, or piped, to an acceptable
point.
(6) Landscaping and planting specifications must be provided for all
stormwater management basins and be specific for each type of basin.
(7) Stormwater roof drains and pipes shall not discharge onto impervious
areas without approval by the municipal engineer.
B. Conveyance facility design standards.
(1) Where practicable, storm sewers shall be designed to traverse under
seeded and planted areas. If constructed within 10 feet of roads,
sidewalks, or other paved surfaces, storm sewers shall be installed
within the narrowest trench possible and backfilled with select material
to prevent surface settlement.
(2) Storm sewers shall be designed with a concrete cradle when traversing
fill areas of questionable stability.
(3) Storm sewers shall be designed with pipe anchors when the pipe slope
exceeds 20%.
(4) The minimum storm sewer size shall be 15 inches in diameter. Pipes
shall be designed to provide a minimum velocity of 2 1/2 feet
per second when flowing full, but in all cases, the slope shall be
no less than 0.5%. Arch pipe of equivalent cross-sectional area may
be substituted in lieu of circular pipe where cover or utility conflict
conditions exist.
(a)
All storm sewer pipes shall be laid to a minimum depth of one-foot
from subgrade to the crown of pipe.
(5) Pipe material, trenching, bedding, and backfilling requirements shall
conform to the requirements of the municipal engineer and/or applicable
PennDOT standards, latest version.
(6) Storm sewers shall be either reinforced concrete or high-density
polyethylene (HDPE) pipe, subject to cover requirements and the approval
of the municipal engineer.
(7) Collection/conveyance facilities should not be installed parallel
or close to the top or bottom of an embankment to avoid the possibility
of failure of the facility or the embankment.
(8) All collection/conveyance facilities shall be designed to convey
the twenty-five-year frequency storm peak flow rate and carry it to
the nearest suitable outlet. The conveyance capacities of any downstream
facilities to which this flow is tributary must be verified.
(9) All developments shall include provisions that allow for the overland
conveyance and flow of the postdevelopment one-hundred-year storm
event without damage to public or private property.
(10)
Stormwater conveyance, including a cut-off trench/berm, storm
sewer pipes, inlets, and stormwater easement, shall be provided along
the toe of all cut and fill slopes that are adjacent to residential
lots.
(11)
Inlets.
(a)
In curbed roadway sections, the maximum encroachment of water
on the roadway pavement shall not exceed half of a through travel
lane or one inch less than the depth of curb during the ten-year design
storm of five-minute duration. In curbed sections of super-elevated
roadways, the maximum encroachment of water on the roadway shall not
exceed one inch less than the depth of curb during the ten-year design
storm of five-minute duration. Gutter depth shall be verified by inlet
capture/capacity calculations that account for road slope and opening
area.
(b)
Inlets shall be placed at a maximum of 400 feet apart.
(c)
Inlets shall be placed so drainage cannot cross intersections
or street centerlines.
(d)
For inlets containing a change in pipe size, the elevation for
the crown of the pipes shall be the same or the smaller pipe's
crown shall be at a higher elevation.
(e)
All inlets shall provide a minimum two-inch drop between the
lowest inlet pipe invert elevation and the outlet pipe invert elevation.
(f)
On curbed sections, a double inlet shall be placed at the low
point of sag vertical curves, or an inlet shall be placed on each
side of the low point at a distance not to exceed 100 feet, or at
an elevation not to exceed 0.2 feet above the low point.
(g)
At all roadway low points, swales and easements shall be provided
behind the curb or swale and through adjacent properties to channelize
and direct any overflow of stormwater runoff away from dwellings and
structures.
(h)
All inlets in paved areas shall have heavy-duty, bicycle-safe
grating. A note to this effect shall be added to the SWM site plan
or inlet details therein.
(i)
Inlets must be sized to accept the specified pipe sizes without
knocking out any of the inlet corners. All pipes entering or exiting
inlets shall be cut flush with the inside wall of the inlet. A note
to this effect shall be added to the SWM site plan or inlet details
therein.
(j)
Inlets shall have weep holes covered with geotextile fabric
placed at appropriate elevations to completely drain the subgrade
prior to placing the base and surface course on roadways.
(k)
Inlets, junction boxes, or manholes greater than five feet in
depth shall be equipped with ladder rungs and shall be detailed on
the SWM site plan.
(l)
Inlets shall not have a sump condition in the bottom (unless
designed as a water quality BMP or specifically approved by the municipality).
Pipe shall be flush with the bottom of the box or concrete channels
shall be poured.
(m)
Accessible drainage structures shall be located on continuous
storm sewer system at all vertical dislocations, at all locations
where a transition in storm sewer pipe sizing is required, at all
vertical and horizontal angle points exceeding 5° and at all points
of convergence of two or more storm sewer pipes.
(n)
All storm drainage piping shall be provided with either reinforced
concrete headwalls or end sections of compatible material as the pipe
involved at its entrance and discharge.
(o)
Outlet protection and energy dissipaters shall be provided at
all surface discharge points in order to minimize erosion consistent
with the E&S Manual.
(p)
Flow velocities and volumes from any storm sewer shall not result
in a degradation of the receiving channel.
C. Stormwater management facility design standards.
(1) If proposing underground detention facilities, the design must incorporate
appropriate access features and means to inspect, maintain, and ensure
the proper operation of the facilities and their ability to control
discharge rates to the levels mandated in the SWM site plan.
(2) The design of BMPs incorporating embankments must be completed and
sealed by a Professional Engineer with relevant experience licensed
in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
(3) Detention facilities and impoundments must provide a total storage
volume allowance equal to 110% of the maximum required one-hundred-year
storm storage volume to allow for the accumulation of sediment. Appropriate
means of access and the ability to maintain the BMP shall be incorporated
into the design.
(4) Principal outlet structures. The primary outlet structure shall be
designed to pass all design storms (up to and including the one-hundred-year
event) without discharging through the emergency spillway. All principal
outlet structures shall:
(a)
Be constructed of reinforced concrete or an alternative material
approved by the municipal engineer. When approved for use, all metal
risers shall:
[1]
Be suitably coated to prevent corrosion.
[2]
Have a concrete base attached with a watertight connection.
The base shall be sufficient weight to prevent flotation of the riser.
[3]
Provide a trash rack or similar appurtenance to prevent debris
from entering the riser.
[4]
Provide an antivortex device, consisting of a thin vertical
plate normal to the basin berm.
(b)
Provide trash racks to prevent clogging of primary outflow structure
stages for all orifices.
(c)
Provide outlet aprons and shall extend to the toe of the basin
slope at a minimum.
(5) Emergency spillways.
(a)
The top of embankment elevation shall provide a minimum one
foot of freeboard above the maximum water surface elevation. This
is to be calculated when the spillway functions for the one-hundred-year
postdevelopment inflow, with a blocked outlet structure.
(b)
Avoid locating on fill areas, whenever possible.
(c)
The spillway shall be armored to prevent erosion during the
one-hundred-year postdevelopment flow, with a blocked primary outlet
structure.
(d)
Synthetic liners or riprap may be used, and calculations sufficient
to support proposed armor must be provided. An earthen plug must be
used to accurately control the spillway invert if riprap is the proposed
armoring material.
(e)
Spillway armor must extend up the sides of the spillway, and
continue full width to a minimum of 10 feet past the toe of the slope.
(f)
The municipal engineer may require the use of additional protection
when slopes exceed 4:1 and spillway velocities might exceed NRCS standards
for the particular soils involved.
(g)
Detention facilities must include an emergency "spillway" or
outlet configuration sized and located to permit the safe passage
of stormwater flows from the unattenuated one-hundred-year postdevelopment
storm with one foot of freeboard, and assuming that all other facility
outlets are clogged or otherwise out of service.
(6) All ground surface, open detention facilities, BMPs, or other facilities where water depths could exceed 24 inches, must incorporate fencing in accordance with §
260-503 of the Borough Code.
(7) Basin outflow culverts discharging into floodplains must account
for tailwater. Tailwater corresponding to the one-hundred-year floodplain
elevation must be used for all design storms, or the applicant may
elect to determine flood elevations of the adjacent watercourse for
each design storm. The floodplain is assumed to be 50 feet from top
of stream bank in areas where a floodway is not designated, or no
other evidence is provided.
(8) The invert of all stormwater management facilities and underground
infiltration/storage facilities shall be located a minimum of two
feet above the seasonal high groundwater table. The invert of stormwater
facilities may be lowered if adequate subsurface drainage is provided.
Flows from underdrains need not be accounted for in volume or rate
control calculations.
(9) Whenever possible the side slopes and basin shape shall be amenable
to the natural topography. Vertical side slopes and rectangular basins
shall be avoided whenever possible.
(10)
Exterior slopes of compacted soil shall not exceed 3:1, and
may be further reduced if the soil has unstable characteristics.
(11)
Interior slopes of the basin shall not exceed 3:1.
(12)
Unless specifically designed as a volume control facility, all
stormwater management facilities shall have a minimum slope of 2%
extending radially out from the principal outlet structure. Facilities
designed as water quality/infiltration BMPs may have a bottom slope
of zero.
(13)
Impervious low-flow channels are not permitted within stormwater
management facilities.
(14)
Unless specifically designed as a volume control or water quality
facility, all stormwater management facilities must empty over a period
of time not less than 24 hours and not more than 72 hours from the
end of the facility's inflow hydrograph. Infiltration tests performed
at the facility locations and proposed basin bottom depths, in accordance
with the BMP Manual, must support time-to-empty calculations if infiltration
is a factor.
(15)
Water quality inlets shall be utilized in parking areas and/or
loading areas that discharge to stormwater management systems. At
least one water quality inlet shall be installed on any project proposing
storm inlets, with no less than one installed for each acre of drainage
area. The purpose of such inlets is to remove oil, grease, heavy particulates,
total suspended solids, hydrocarbons, and other floating substances
from stormwater runoff. Methods other than water quality inlets may
be permitted if the applicant demonstrates to the Borough's satisfaction
that any such alternative will be as effective and as easily maintained.
Periodic cleaning of these systems shall be addressed in the operation
and maintenance plan for the facility.