[Amended 5-7-1986 STM by Art. 2]
The following shall apply to all premises in
all districts.
A. Performance requirement. Off-street parking must be
provided to service the net increase in parking demand created by
new construction, additions, or change of use. Buildings, structures
and uses in existence April 29, 1986 are not subject to these requirements
as long as they are not enlarged or changed to increase their parking
needs.
B. Number of spaces. The additional parking required
for a change of use or addition equals the parking requirements under
the Table of Minimum Requirements for the premises as existing, or
the actual amount of existing parking retained, if greater. Requirements
are added for mixed uses (e.g. both motor vehicle service station
and commercial enterprise requirements would apply to a motor vehicle
service station selling retail products).
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Table of Minimum Requirements[Amended 1-17-1989 STM by Arts. 34 and 35; 9-9-1997 STM by Art.
11]
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Residential
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Dwelling unit having two or more bedrooms
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2 spaces
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Dwelling unit having fewer than two bedrooms
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1 space
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Bed and breakfast
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1 space per rentable room
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Nursing home
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1 space per two beds
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Nonresidential
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Retail sales, service
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1 space per 180 square feet sales floor area
but not fewer than 5 spaces per separate enterprise
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Business or professional
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5 spaces per 1,000 square feet total floor area
but no fewer than 5 spaces per separate enterprise
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Bank, post office
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1 space per 100 square feet floor area open
to the general public
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Restaurant, bar
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1 space per 3 seats plus 10 spaces per takeout
service station
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Industrial, wholesale
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1 space per 1.3 employees, but capable of expansion
to not less than 1 space per 300 square feet gross floor area
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Place of public assembly
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1 space per 2 persons capacity based on Massachusetts
State Building Code
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Bowling alley, tennis court
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3 spaces per lane or court
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Industrial, adult cabaret/motion picture theater
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1 parking space for each 1 person allowed by
said establishment's seating capacity, plus 1 space for each employee
expected to be on duty at any one time at said establishment, and
must conform to state and federal guidelines for handicapped parking
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Industrial, adult retail establishment (includes
adult bookstores, adult video stores, and adult paraphernalia stores)
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1 space per 50 square feet of floor area devoted
to sales, merchandise, storage and display, but not less than 8 spaces
per establishment, and must conform to state and federal guidelines
for handicapped parking
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All other uses
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Parking spaces adequate to accommodate all normal
demand, as determined by the Planning Board
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C. Parking area design and location.
(1) Location. Required parking shall be either on the
same premises as the activity it serves, or located within 300 feet
of the building entrance on a separate parcel, not separated by a
street having right-of-way width of 60 feet or more, and in a zoning
district allowing the activity it serves.
(2) Surface. All required parking areas, except those
serving single-family residences, shall be paved, unless exempted
on special permit from the Planning Board for cases such as seasonal
or periodic use where an alternative surface will prevent dust, erosion,
water accumulation or unsightly conditions.
(3) Backing. Parking areas with five or more spaces shall
be designed and located so that their use does not involve vehicles
backing onto a public way.
(4) Egress.
(a)
There shall be not more than two driveway openings
onto any street from any single premises unless each opening center
line is separated from the center line of all other driveways serving
20 or more parking spaces, whether on or off the premises, by 200
feet (measured at the street line) in a commercial district or by
300 feet if in any other district.
(b)
No such opening shall exceed 24 feet in width
at the street line unless necessity of greater width is demonstrated
by the applicant, and the opening is designed consistent with Massachusetts
DPW regulations, Section 10A-9 or subsequent revisions. No driveway
side line shall be located within 50 feet of the street line of an
intersecting way. All driveways serving five or more parking spaces
shall be constructed with a minimum edge radius of five feet on both
sides. All driveways serving 40 or more parking spaces must have not
less than 250 feet visibility in each travel lane entering a state-numbered
or maintained highway, and not less than 150 feet visibility on other
streets.
[Amended 4-27-1991 STM by Art. 5]
(5) Setbacks [except as noted in Subsection
C(6)]. No part of any private parking area having five or more parking spaces shall be located within a required front yard as defined in Article
II, Definitions, and Article
VII, Land Space Requirements, nor shall any private parking area be located within five feet of any property line except that where a lot has frontage on more than one street, thus establishing more than one front yard, the Planning Board may, as part of the site plan review process, designate one front yard as the primary front yard and then reduce the front yard setback requirements for parking on non-primary front yards. Any such reduction shall be limited to only those situations where the applicant needs the reduction to meet the parking requirements for the proposed use; but the setback shall never be less than five feet from any property line.
(6) Parking lot plantings. Parking lots containing 10
or more parking spaces shall have at least two trees per eight parking
spaces, such trees to be located either within the lot or within five
feet of it. Such trees shall be at least two-inch diameter, with not
less than 40 square feet of unpaved soil or other permeable surface
area per tree. At least 5% of the interior of any parking lot having
25 or more spaces shall be maintained with landscaping, including
trees, in plots of at least four feet in width. Trees and soil plots
shall be so located as to provide visual relief and sun and wind interruption
within the parking area, and to assure safe patterns of internal circulation.
D. Street and side line planting. The following shall
apply to premises in all zones.
[Amended 1-17-1989 STM by Art. 36]
(1) When required. Street and side line planting is required
when any new building, addition or change of use required a parking
increase of five or more spaces.
(2) Trees. Trees for street or side line planting shall
have at least two-inch diameter and be of size, species, and spacing
such that tree drop lines approximately meet at maturity. Species
shall be ones common in the area which reach an ultimate height of
not less than 30 feet, and may be either planted or retained.
(3) Location. The side line planting area shall be at
least five feet wide, free of any paving (except for access drives
connecting abutting premises), containing trees as described above.
The screening shall extend from the street line to the deepest point
on the premises having buildings or parking. The street planting shall
consist of a band of trees within 20 feet of the street lines, continuous
except at driveways. Screening shall be located or trimmed to avoid
blocking egress visibility.
(4) Existing trees. If located within 25 feet of a street,
no existing tree of four-inch diameter or greater, dense hedgerow
of four or more feet in both depth and height or existing earth berm
providing similar visual screening shall be removed or have grade
changed more than one foot unless dictated by plant health, access
safety, or identification of the premises, as determined by the Planning
Board.
(5) Exceptions. Where plant materials as required in Subsection
D(1) would harmfully obstruct a scenic view or vista, the Planning Board may grant a special permit to allow substitution of low level plantings which will visually define the street edge or property line provided that proposed buildings are also designed and located to preserve that view or vista.
(6) Maintenance. All plant materials required by this
bylaw shall be maintained in a healthful condition. Dead limbs shall
be promptly removed, and dead plants shall be replaced at the earliest
appropriate season.