A. 
Road width and length. The minimum pavement width of roads, as measured from face to face of curbs, shall be as follows (see Appendix II):[1]
(1) 
Local street: 24 feet.
(a) 
Local street, through road. Beginning on one local street or thoroughfare and ending on another local street or thoroughfare, or ending on the same local street or thoroughfare, provided that the local street, through road, intersections with the local street or thoroughfare, as measured between their center lines, are at least 1,000 feet apart.
(b) 
Local street, loop road. Local street beginning and ending on the same local street or thoroughfare, length not to exceed 2,000 feet. Spacing of the loop road intersections with the local street or thoroughfare, as measured between their center lines, shall be at least 450 feet and not more than 1,000 feet apart.
(c) 
Local street, local permanent dead-end road (permanent cul-de-sac). Local permanent dead-end local street, length not to exceed 1,000 feet.
(2) 
Lane: 20 feet.
(a) 
Lane, cul-de-sac. Local permanent dead-end lane with no potential for additional development, serving not more than six residential units and no longer than 700 feet. On-street parking is prohibited.
(b) 
Lane, loop. Lane with no potential for additional development beginning and ending on the same local street or thoroughfare, serving not more than 15 residential units, and no longer than 2,000 feet. Spacing of the lane intersections with the local street or thoroughfare, as measured between their center lines, shall be at least 450 feet apart. On-street parking is prohibited.
(3) 
Turnaround at end of dead-end roads. See § 480-41.
[1]
Editor's Note: Appendix II is included at the end of this chapter.
B. 
Right-of-way. For every road, the right-of-way lines on each side of the road shall be parallel or shall be concentric arcs, and all intersections of right-of-way lines shall be rounded by a curve having a radius equal to the required curbline radius, but not less than 25 feet. Minimum right-of-way widths shall be as follows:
(1) 
Thoroughfare: 60 feet.
(2) 
Local street and lane: 50 feet.
A. 
General. Roads shall be designed so as to avoid excessive cuts and fills and to avoid a combination of steep grades and sharp curves.
B. 
Minimum. The minimum gradient on any road shall be 1%.
C. 
Maximum. The maximum gradient shall be as follows:
(1) 
Thoroughfare: 6%.
(2) 
Local street and lane: 10%.
A. 
Minimum. The horizontal and vertical alignment of roads shall provide the following minimum sight distances:
(1) 
Local street and lane: 200 feet.
(2) 
Thoroughfare: 275 feet.
B. 
Determination. Sight distances shall be determined on the basis of height of eye-height of object, headlight beam and horizontal location of eye, and object design criteria currently used by the State of Connecticut Department of Transportation.
C. 
Vertical and horizontal curves. Where crest vertical curves and horizontal curves occur at the same location, the above minimum sight distances shall be provided to assure that the horizontal curve is visible as drivers approach.
A. 
Curve tangent and radius. The minimum tangent length between horizontal curves and the minimum radius of center-line curvature shall be as follows:
(1) 
Local street and lane.
(a) 
Tangent: 150 feet
(b) 
Radius: 175 feet.
(2) 
Thoroughfare.
(a) 
Tangent: 250 feet.
(b) 
Radius: 350 feet.
B. 
Sight distance. The horizontal alignment of the roadway shall be such as to meet the requirements for sight distance specified in § 480-37.
A. 
Gradient transition. Parabolic vertical curves for transition between roadway gradients shall be provided on all roads, and at intersections, to ensure adequate sight distances in accordance with the design speed for the road and the minimum requirements specified in § 480-37 and to provide a rate of change of gradient that assures safe vehicle operation and does not cause discomfort to vehicle occupants. Vertical curves shall have a length of at least 100 feet.
B. 
Curve length. The required length of vertical curve shall be based upon criteria identified in § 480-37.
The following standards shall apply to all intersections:
A. 
No more than two roads shall intersect at any one location.
B. 
Cross (four-cornered) intersections shall be avoided, where possible, except at important and high-volume traffic intersections.
C. 
Spacing of intersections is defined under Article II, Definitions, and Appendix II.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Appendix II is included at the end of this chapter.
D. 
Wherever possible, roads shall intersect at a ninety-degree angle, or as close thereto as is practical. In no event, however, shall an intersection be allowed where the angle of intersection is less than 75° within 100 feet of the intersection.
E. 
Minimum radii of curblines at intersections.
(1) 
The minimum radii of curblines at intersections shall be as follows:
(a) 
Local street - local street: 20 feet.
(b) 
Local street - thoroughfare: 25 feet.
(c) 
Thoroughfare - thoroughfare: 35 feet.
(2) 
The Commission may require greater radii where the angle of intersection is less than 90°.
F. 
The visibility at intersections shall be such as to allow a stopped vehicle on the intersecting roadway to see, and to be seen from, a vehicle approaching from either direction along the intersected roadway at a distance of not less than 200 feet at local street intersections and not less than 400 feet at all other types of intersections.
G. 
At local street intersections where traffic is not controlled by stop signs or traffic signals, the sight distance shall be not less than that required for vehicles on each street to be visible to each other when each vehicle is located a distance from the intersection of the center lines of the traveled lanes of not less than 130 feet.
H. 
Sufficient clearing and regrading shall be accomplished to meet the sight distance visibility requirements of Subsections F and G of this section, and no structures, fences, walls, hedges, shrubs, trees or other landscaping shall be permitted to obstruct such visibility.
I. 
At intersections, the gradient of proposed streets, for a distance of not less than 100 feet from the center of the intersection, shall not exceed 2% for thoroughfares and 4% for local streets.
A. 
General. All dead-end roads (culs-de-sac), permanent and temporary, shall be provided with a circular right-of-way at the terminating end. The required outside radius of the pavement area shall be 55 feet and the required radius of the right-of-way shall be 65 feet. The cul-de-sac should include a center island in accordance with the most current Standard Detail Drawings.
B. 
Layout. The layout of the turnaround shall be in accordance with the most current Standard Detail Drawings.
A. 
General. For all roads, an area seven feet three inches in width in back of the curbing shall be excavated to a depth of at least 12 inches and then backfilled with at least six inches of earth or gravel, free of stones larger than six inches, and final graded with not less than six inches of topsoil, as hereinafter specified.
(1) 
Lane swales. Lane shoulders may be constructed so as to form a swale to carry off stormwater, such swale to be not less than six feet wide and of sufficient width to carry off stormwater expected in a fifty-year storm. Lane swales shall be excavated to such depth to allow installation of six inches of topsoil over six inches of compacted gravel and seeded to permanent grass cover, unless natural swales can be utilized. Depth of lane swales shall not exceed three inches vertical drop per one foot of width. No driveway shall cross a drainage swale unless graded so as not to impede flow of runoff.
B. 
Grading (shoulder areas). The shoulder areas shall be graded so as to slope toward the center line of the road where the road is in cut and away from the center line of the road where the road is in fill. In either case, the cross slope of the shoulders shall be 1/4 inch per foot.
C. 
Grading (outside). Areas outside of the shoulders shall be graded up or down to existing grades, at a slope not to exceed two feet horizontal to one foot vertical. In rock cuts, slopes of one foot horizontal to not more than six feet vertical shall be allowed, but care shall be taken to ensure that all exposed rock is stable and free from faults, cracks or other infirmities which might lead to collapse or flaking.
D. 
Special conditions. The Commission may require a decrease in the amount of slope to whatever extent necessary to maintain the stability of cut slopes under the prevailing soil conditions encountered during construction.
E. 
Limits. No cut or fill slopes shall extend beyond the limits of the right-of-way onto private property unless appropriate slope rights are acquired which provide a perpetual right, running with the land in favor of the owner of the road, to enter upon said private property for purposes of constructing, maintaining and repairing such slopes. In the absence of such slope rights, appropriate retaining walls shall be constructed to prevent encroachment on adjoining private property.
F. 
Trees. If, in the opinion of the Commission, a slight modification of the shoulder or slope would result in the saving of a valuable shade tree, the Commission may in its discretion allow such variation.
A. 
General. Curbs shall be constructed along the edge of street pavement in accordance with the dimensions and details shown in the most current Standard Detail Drawings.
B. 
Lanes. Curbing is not required on lanes where grades are less than 6%. If curbing is not constructed, swales, constructed or natural, are required in accordance with § 480-42A(1). On grades in excess of 6%, curbing may be required, in which case it must conform to § 480-57B.
All underground utilities within the right-of-way of a road shall be located and installed as shown in the most current Standard Detail Drawings.
A. 
General. Protective barriers, consisting of guide railing or single posts, shall be installed wherever necessary to minimize the risk of personal injury or property damage resulting from vehicle departure from the right-of-way.
B. 
Embankment. Such protective barriers shall be required on any roadway section constructed on an embankment which places the roadway surface five feet or more above the existing ground surface at the toe of the embankment slope. The Commission may waive this requirement where the embankment slopes are not steeper than four feet horizontal to one foot vertical.
C. 
Culvert endwalls. Such protective barriers shall be required at culvert endwalls.
A. 
Places. Road lighting shall be provided if required by the Commission at any location where illumination in darkness is necessary to minimize the risk of accident involving vehicles or pedestrians or to assure safe and convenient vehicle and pedestrian passage.
B. 
Nature. Lighting standards and luminaires shall be of such type and design and shall be so located as to safeguard against discomfort glare and disability glare and avoid adverse effects from illumination upon the use, enjoyment and value of adjacent property.
All new roads shall be monumented accurately and sufficiently complete to allow the ready determination of points along all right-of-way lines. In general, monuments shall be placed at all points of tangency and points of curvature and elsewhere as required to permit seeing from one monument on a line to another on the same line.
Road and other location names shall be so distinctive as to preclude possible confusion with other existing roads and locations within the Town. Road name signs shall be installed at all intersections. Such signs shall be designed and erected in such places and manner as to assure clear legibility by vehicle operators and shall conform to the size and design currently in use by the Town.
Stop signs, dead-end signs, caution signs and other traffic regulatory devices and aids shall be provided in such places as may be necessary to minimize the risk of accident involving vehicles or pedestrians or to assure safe and convenient vehicle and pedestrian passage. Such traffic regulatory devices shall conform to the most current state standards with respect to design, construction and placement.
A. 
General. The Commission may require the installation of sidewalks on thoroughfares, in pedestrian easements, on local streets in the vicinity of schools and other public or semipublic buildings, in the vicinity of playgrounds and at other locations where the expected or probable volume of pedestrian traffic makes sidewalks necessary or appropriate in the interest of public safety and convenience.
B. 
Location and dimensions. Sidewalks shall be a minimum of four feet in width and shall be located within the street right-of-way line, as shown on the Standard Detail Drawings.