General; definitions. Unless otherwise expressly stated,
the following words shall, for the purposes of this chapter, have the meaning
herein stated. Words in the singular number include the plural, and words
in the plural number include the singular. Present tense includes the future.
The word "building" shall be deemed to include the word "structure." The word
"shall" is always mandatory.
ACCELERATED EROSION
The removal of surface materials by the action of natural elements
caused by man's manipulation of the landscape.
CUT
An excavation; the difference between a point on the original ground
and a designated point of lower elevation on the final grade; also, the material
removed in excavation.
ENGINEER
The Borough Engineer of the Borough of Waynesboro or his authorized
designee.
EXCAVATION
Any act by which earth, sand, gravel, rock or any other similar material
is dug into, cut, quarried, uncovered, removed, displaced, relocated or bulldozed
and shall include the conditions resulting therefrom.
FILL
An excavation by which material is placed, pushed, dumped, pulled,
transported or moved to a new location above the natural surface of the ground
or on top of the stripped surface and shall include the conditions resulting
therefrom; the difference in elevation between a point on the original ground
and a designated point of higher elevation on the final grade; the materials
used to make a fill.
FLOODPLAIN
A nearly level area bordering streams that is subject to overflow.
LAND DEVELOPMENT
The improvement of one or more contiguous lots, tracts or parcels
of land for any purpose involving (a) a group of two or more buildings, or
(b) the division or allocation of land between or among two or more existing
or prospective occupants by means of, or for the purpose of streets, common
areas, leaseholds, building groups or other feature; a division of land into
lots for the purpose of conveying such lots singly or in groups to any person,
partnership or corporation for the purpose of erection of buildings by such
person, partnership or corporation.
QUALIFYING TRACT (100 CY)
Any tract where 100 or more cubic yards of earth is moved or where
soils remain unstable for a period of more than 20 days. This does not include
tilling the soil for agricultural purposes.
RUNOFF
That portion of the rainfall that does not enter the soil but runs
off the surface of the land.
SEDIMENTATION
The process by which mineral or organic matter is accumulated or
deposited by moving wind or gravity. Once this matter is deposited (or remains
suspended in water), it is usually referred to as "sediment."
SLOPE
The face of an embankment or cut section; any ground whose surface
makes an angle with the plane of the horizon. Slopes are usually expressed
in a percentage based upon vertical difference in feet per 100 feet of horizontal
distance.
SOIL STABILIZATION
Chemical or structural treatment of a mass of soil to increase or
maintain its stability or otherwise improve its engineering properties. Examples
are grass, paving by asphalt, concrete or stone, mulch, netting or similar
approaches.
SUBDIVISION
The division or redivision of a lot, tract, or parcel of land by
any means into two or more lots, tracts, or other divisions of land, including
changes in existing lot lines for the purpose, whether immediate or future,
of lease, transfer of ownership or building or lot development. Provided,
however, that the division of land for agricultural purpose into parcels of
more than 10 acres, not involving any new street or easement of access, shall
be exempted.
SWALE
A gently sloped land depression with a gradient toward a stream that
carries surface water during rain or snow melt.
TOPSOIL
Surface soils and subsurface soils which presumably are fertile soils
and soil material, ordinarily rich in organic matter or humus debris and used
as a top dressing for home lots, grounds for large buildings, gardens and
similar areas. Topsoil is usually found in the uppermost soil layer called
the A Horizon.
WATERCOURSE
A permanent stream, intermittent stream; river; brook; creek; channel
or ditch for water whether natural or man-made.