An applicant shall not be required to provide financial security
for the costs of any improvements for which financial security is
required by and provided to the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
in connection with the issuance of a highway occupancy permit pursuant
to § 420 of the Act of June 1, 1945 (P.L. 1242, No. 428),
known as the "State Highway Law."
In cases where final plan approval is proposed in sections or
stages, the Council shall require the construction or guarantee of
any and all development improvements required for the service or protection
of any section or stage of the development proposed for final approval.
This section shall apply to all construction of improvements
whether the improvements are completed prior to final plan approval
or guarantees are provided.
A. Construction plans and drawings. The construction of any improvements
shown on an approved preliminary plan or in conjunction with the final
plan application and guarantee proposal shall be accomplished only
in accord with the approved final construction plans detailing the
design and installation of all improvements and documenting compliance
with this chapter.
B. Schedule. The developer shall, at least 15 calendar days prior to
the initiation of construction of any required improvements, submit
to the Borough a schedule of construction for all required improvements,
including the timing of the development of any proposed sections.
The schedule may be revised from time to time upon mutual agreement
of the applicant engineer and the Borough Engineer.
C. Inspections. Based upon the construction schedule and the nature
of the required improvements and within 14 calendar days of receipt
of the said construction schedule, the Borough Engineer shall prepare
Borough inspection requirements to ensure the construction of the
required improvements in accord with the approved plan and Borough
standards. In addition to all final inspections required for all improvements,
inspections shall be required at all phases of construction when a
failure to inspect would result in a physical impossibility to verify
compliance at the time of the final inspection (e.g., backfilling
of sewer or waterline trenches). This may require a full-time inspector.
D. Notice. The developer shall provide a minimum of five working days'
notice prior to the time when construction will have proceeded to
the time of a required inspection. Construction shall not proceed
further until the Borough Engineer conducts the inspection and approves
the improvements.
E. Cost. The cost of all inspections conducted by the Borough shall
be borne by the developer.
The developer shall provide to the satisfaction of the Council,
and prior to final plan approval, evidence of the provision for the
succession of ownership and responsibility for maintenance of development
improvements.
A. Private operation and maintenance.
(1) Land developments. In the case of land developments, such provision
shall be in the form of deed covenants and restrictions clearly placing
the responsibility of maintenance of all development improvements
with the owner of the land development.
(2) Residential developments. In the case of subdivisions, multifamily
housing projects and other residential developments involving the
transfer of property, the developer shall provide, by deed covenants
and restrictions, for the creation of a property owners' association
(POA) or equivalent entity to assume the ultimate ownership of all
development improvements and responsibility for maintenance of such
improvements. Membership in the POA shall be mandatory for all property
owners in the development. The developer shall also be a member of
the POA and shall remain responsible for payment of any per-lot dues
or fees assessed by the POA which are associated with improvements
serving said lots. The deed covenants and restrictions creating the
POA shall be approved by the Council.
(3) Improvements which will remain private. In the case where roads, drainage facilities, a central sewage treatment system or central water supply, or any other improvements are to remain private, the developer shall provide for the establishment of an escrow fund in accord with §
187-37A to guarantee the operation and maintenance of the improvements. Said fund shall be established on a permanent basis with administrative provisions approved by the Council. The amount of said fund shall be established by the Council but in no case shall be less than 15% nor more than 25% of the construction cost of the system, as verified by the Borough Engineer. The maintenance and operation of the improvements and the administration of any required maintenance fund account shall be clearly established as the joint responsibility of the owner(s) of each structure or dwelling unit served by such system. Such responsibility and the mechanism to accomplish same shall be established by deed covenants and restrictions which shall be approved by the Council.
(4) Failure to operate and maintain improvements. If any private improvements are not operated or maintained adequately to assure the function of said improvements consistent with Borough requirements and/or the needs of the users of said improvements, the Council shall have the right to perform said operation and maintenance to meet the intent of this chapter and otherwise protect the public health, safety and welfare. The Council shall use any and/or all legal authority and remedies in law available to accomplish same and shall assess the legal, construction, and other costs for same to the person(s) responsible for or benefiting from said proper operation and maintenance. Such actions may include, but are not limited to, those prescribed in Article
X of this chapter, injunctive relief, or the formation of special districts to assess costs.
B. Dedication to Borough. Where a plan includes a proposed dedication
of roads, neither the plan approval nor the developer's completion
of the roads shall obligate the Council to accept the roads. Acceptance
of a proposed dedication shall be a matter of discretion for the Council.
If determined by the Council to be in the interest of the public health,
safety and general welfare, the Council may accept roads and associated
drainage facilities but shall generally not accept any stormwater
control facilities used to manage stormwater within any subdivision
or land development, sewage disposal systems, water supply systems,
sidewalks, or other improvements unless the Council deems it necessary
to fulfill the purposes of this chapter or the Borough Official Wastewater
Facilities Plan. In accepting any improvements, the Council may attach
such reasonable conditions necessary to fulfill the purposes of this
chapter.
This §
187-41 shall apply to any development which involves the ownership and maintenance of open land or recreation land held in common or owned and maintained through other arrangements approved by the Council (referred to as "common open space"), as required by this chapter.
A. Purpose. The requirements of this §
187-41 are intended to assure in perpetuity the ownership, use and maintenance of common open space. The general principle shall be to assign ownership and maintenance responsibility to that entity which is best suited for the same and which will allocate any associated costs to the individuals which directly benefit from the use of the common open space.
B. Plan and legal documents. The developer shall submit a plan and proposed
legal documents for the purpose of dedicating, in perpetuity, the
use, ownership and maintenance of the approved common open space.
The plan shall be approved by the Council with the recommendation
of the Borough Solicitor. The provisions of the approved plan shall
be incorporated into a development agreement with the Borough, deed
covenants and restrictions, or other legal document which will affect
the plan and which can be enforced by the Council. The plan shall
define ownership.
(1) The plan shall establish necessary regular and periodic operation
and maintenance responsibilities for the various kinds of open space
(i.e., lawns, playing fields, meadow, pasture, crop land, woodlands,
etc.).
(2) The plan shall estimate staffing needs, insurance requirements, and
associated costs, and define the means for funding the maintenance
of the conservation open space and operation of any common facilities
on an ongoing basis. Such funding plan shall include the means for
funding long-term capital improvements as well as regular yearly operating
and maintenance costs.
(3) The Council may require the applicant to escrow sufficient funds
for the maintenance and operation costs of common facilities for up
to 18 months.
(4) Any changes to the maintenance plan shall be approved by the Council.
C. Use restriction. The use of any common open space shall be limited
to those uses which are specifically permitted or required by the
applicable sections of this chapter and the Borough Zoning Ordinance.
D. Development plan designations. The subdivision/land development plan
which will be recorded following final approval of the development
shall clearly show all common open space and specifically note the
use, ownership and maintenance responsibility of the same. Reference
to the legal document(s) governing the use, ownership and maintenance
of common open space shall be noted on the plan. The plan shall also
contain the following statement: "Common open land, common recreation
land, common facilities and development improvements shall not be
sold separately or be further subdivided or developed, nor shall such
land be used for density for any other development."
E. Methods for use dedication and common open space ownership and maintenance:
(1) The use of common open space and common open space ownership and
maintenance shall be addressed by one or a combination of the methods
which follow. In any case, the developer shall document to the satisfaction
of the Council that the chosen method(s) will preserve the common
open space use rights established in accord with this article and
provide for the perpetual ownership and maintenance of all open land
and recreation land.
(2) All methods shall establish a mechanism for the Council to effect
the use dedication and require operation and maintenance of common
open space, if the means established by the developer fail to provide
the same.
(3) All methods for use dedication and common open space ownership and
maintenance, and any combination of methods, and any change in method
which may be proposed by the ownership and maintenance entity, shall
be subject to the approval of the Council. Operation and maintenance
provisions shall include, but not be limited to, capital budgeting
for repair and/or replacement of development improvements and common
facilities, working capital, operating expenses, casualty and liability
insurance, and contingencies.
(a)
Property owners' association or condominium agreements.
All common open space may be owned and maintained by a property owners'
association (POA) or condominium agreements (CA), including all lot
and/or condominium owners in the development, provided:
[1]
The POA/CA is established by the developer as a nonprofit corporation
for the express purpose of ownership and maintenance of the common
open space, or as otherwise may be required by state statute.
[2]
Participation in the POA/CA is mandatory for all owners.
[3]
Provision is made for the maintenance of common open space during
the sale period and the orderly transition of responsibility from
the developer to the POA/CA.
[4]
The POA/CA is empowered to assess POA/CA members to fund the
administration of the POA/CA and other costs associated with the common
open space responsibilities.
(b)
Transfer to a private conservation organization. In the case
of open land and recreation land, the landowner may transfer fee simple
title to the said areas, or parts thereof, to a private, nonprofit
organization among whose purposes is the conservation of open land
and/or natural resources, provided that:
[1]
The deed contains the necessary covenants and restrictions in
favor of the Borough to effect the use dedication and common open
space ownership and maintenance standards of this article and this
chapter.
[2]
The organization proposed is a bona fide, operating and stable
conservation organization with a perpetual existence, as approved
by the Council.
[3]
The conveyance of title contains the necessary provisions for
proper retransfer or reversion should the organization be unable to
continue to execute the provisions of title.
[4]
A maintenance agreement among the developer, organization and
Borough is executed to the satisfaction of the Council.
(c)
Deed-restricted (non-common) private ownership. Deed restrictions
on privately held lands may be used to preserve open land, provided
such restrictions include a conservation easement in favor of the
Borough, with provisions for reversion to the Borough, POA or trustee
holding the remainder of the common open space. Up to 80% of the required
conservation open space may be included within one or more large conservancy
lots of at least 10 acres, provided the open space is permanently
restricted from future development through a conservation easement,
except for those uses permitted for conservation open space by the
Borough Zoning Ordinance, and that the Council is given the ability
to enforce these restrictions. Title to such restricted lands may
be transferred to other parties for use as restricted by the deed.
(d)
Deed or deeds of trust. The landowner may provide, as approved
by the Council, for the use, ownership and maintenance of common open
space by establishing a trust for the same via a deed or deeds. The
trustee shall be empowered to levy and collect assessments from the
property owners for the operation and maintenance of the development.
(e)
Conservation easements held by the Borough. In the case of open
lands and recreation lands, the Council may, but shall not be required
to, accept title to conservation easements on any such lands. In such
cases, the land remains in the ownership of an individual POA/CA while
the development rights are held by the Borough. The lands may be used
in accord with the requirements of this chapter, and title to such
lands may be transferred to other parties for use as restricted by
the conservation easement.
(f)
Fee simple and/or easement dedication to the Borough. In the
case of open lands or recreation lands, the Council may, but shall
not be required to, accept in fee the title to any such lands, or
any interests (such as development rights or conservation easements)
therein, for public use and maintenance, provided:
[1]
There is no consideration paid by the Borough.
[2]
Such land is freely accessible to the public.
[3]
The Council agrees to and has access to maintain such lands.
F. Failure to preserve dedication of use and operation and maintenance
of common open space. If the method established for the dedication
of use, operation, and maintenance of common open space fails to do
so in reasonable order and condition in accord with the approved development
plan, the Council shall have the right and authority to take all necessary
legal action to effect such use dedication, operation, and maintenance.
The action of the Council shall be in accord with the following:
(1) Notice. The Council shall serve written notice on assigned entity
or the property owners in the development, setting forth the details
of the failure of the entity with regard to use dedication and operation
and maintenance of common open space.
(2) Correction of deficiencies. The notice shall include a demand that
the deficiencies be corrected in a reasonable period of time, which
shall be stated in the notice.
(3) Public hearing. A public hearing shall be conducted subsequent to
the notice and shall be advertised in accord with the definition of
public notice contained in this chapter. At such hearing, the Council
may modify the terms of the original notice as to the deficiencies
and may extend the time for correction of the deficiencies.
(4) Failure to correct. In the event the deficiencies in the notice,
as may have been modified at the public hearing, are not corrected
in accord with the established time period, the Council may enter
upon the common open space and maintain the same and/or correct the
deficiencies. The Council shall continue such action for such time
as may be necessary to correct the deficiencies. Said action shall
not constitute a taking or dedication of any common open space, nor
vest in the public the right to use any common open space.
(5) Reinstatement of responsibility. The responsibility of operation
and maintenance shall not be reinstated to the assigned entity until
such time as the entity has demonstrated to the Council that the proper
steps have been effected to modify the terms of use dedication, operation,
and/or maintenance and/or to reorganize or replace the responsible
entity so that use dedication, operation, and maintenance established
by the approved development plan will be assured.
(6) Appeal. Any party to the action of the Council may appeal such action
to court as provided for in the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning
Code, as amended.
(7) Public costs. The costs of the preservation of use dedication, maintenance
and operation of any open land conducted by the Borough in accord
with this article, including any administrative and legal costs, shall
be assessed ratably against the properties in the subject development
which have a right of enjoyment and/or use of the common open space.
The assessment shall be made a lien on the properties, and the Council
shall, at the time of the notice in § 187-41A(1) above,
file the required notice of lien against the properties.
All applicants proposing any subdivision and/or land development
requiring the installation of improvements as required by this chapter
shall, prior to final plan approval by the Council and if so directed
by the Council, enter into a legally binding development agreement
with the Borough whereby the developer guarantees the installation
of the required improvements in accord with the approved plan and
all Borough requirements.
A. Contents. The development agreement shall be in a form suitable for
execution by the Council and shall provide for the following, where
applicable:
(1) The construction of all facilities authorized by the approved plans
(streets, drainage, etc.) in itemized format.
(2) Installation of survey monuments and lot markers.
(3) Installation of all water, sewer, and utility lines.
(4) Prevention of erosion, sedimentation and water damage to the subject,
adjacent and downstream properties.
(5) Developer's responsibility for any damages to adjacent or neighboring
properties.
(6) A work schedule setting forth the beginning and ending dates, and
such other details as the Council deems fit and appropriate, for improvements
contained herein, including the timing of the development of any proposed
sections.
(7) The estimated cost of the improvements not yet completed, including
the amount of performance guarantee to be submitted.
(8) Security in the form of a construction guarantee approved by the
Council to ensure the installation of the required improvements.
(9) Security in the form of a maintenance guarantee approved by the Council
for the repair or reconstruction of improvements which are found by
the Borough Engineer to be defective within 18 months from the date
of formal acceptance of the said improvements, together with provisions
for disbursement thereof.
(10)
A set of reproducible as-built plans prepared by and certified
to by a registered professional engineer and/or a registered professional
surveyor of all roadways and streets, bridges, drainage systems, sewage
collection and treatment systems, water distribution systems and all
other required or provided improvements.
(11)
Ownership of any improvements.
(12)
Public liability insurance for the duration of improvements
construction. A copy of the said policy or other evidence of coverage
shall be submitted to the Council.
(13)
A hold-harmless clause to protect the Borough from any and all
liability.
(14)
The developer's responsibility for all reasonable engineering
and consulting costs and expenses for inspection, consultations, and
preparation of agreements, to the extent such costs and expenses exceed
the monies paid by the developer in accordance with the standard fee
schedules.
(15)
Provisions for changing the approved final plan, supporting
plans, profiles, data, specifications and related documents.
(16)
Provisions for violations of the development agreement.
(17)
Provisions for severability of any article.
(18)
Provisions for any additional agreements deemed necessary.
B. Execution. The final plan shall not be approved by the Council prior
to the execution of this agreement, if so required by the Council.