[CC 1987 §505.010; Ord. No. 325 Arts. 2 — 3, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 463 §1, 4-12-1960]
A. 
Short Title. This Chapter shall be known and may be cited as "The Residential Building Code".
B. 
All Sections of this Chapter and its amendments are hereby declared to apply only to construction, alteration, erection, moving, etc. of buildings of a residential nature or buildings pertinent thereto.
C. 
This Chapter presumptively provides for matters concerning, affecting or relating to the construction, alteration, repairs, removal, demolition, equipment, use and occupancy, location and maintenance of buildings or structures, erected or to be erected in this municipality, except insofar as such matters are otherwise provided for in the municipal character in other Statutes, or ordinances, or in rules duly promulgated under the provisions of this Chapter.
D. 
This Chapter is hereby declared to be remedial and shall be construed to secure the beneficial interests and purposes thereof, which are public safety, health and welfare, and ventilation and safety to life and property from fire and hazards incident to the construction, alteration, repair, removal or demolition of buildings or structures.
[CC 1987 §505.020; Ord. No. 325 Art. 27, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Unless otherwise expressly stated, the following terms shall, for the purpose of this Chapter, have the meanings indicated in this Section.
B. 
Words used in the present tense include the future; words in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter; the singular number includes the plural, and the plural the singular.
C. 
Wherever terms in the text of this Chapter are marked with an asterisk (*), they shall have the meaning given them in this Section, terms consisting of more than one (1) word and defined in this Section being hyphenated. When not marked with an asterisk (*), they shall have their ordinarily accepted meanings or such as the context may apply.
ALTERATION
As applied to a building or structure, means a change or rearrangement in the structural parts or in the exit facilities; or an enlargement, whether by extending on a side or by increasing in height; or the moving from one location or position to another; the term "alter" in its various modes and tenses and its participial forms, refers to the making of an alteration.
APARTMENT
A room, a suite of two (2) or more rooms, in a residence building occupied as the home or residence of an individual, family or household.
APPROVED
As applied to a material, device or mode of construction, means approved by the Building Commissioner under the provisions of this Chapter, or by other authority designated by law to give approval in the matter of question.
APPROVED MASONRY
Masonry constructed of brick, stone, or other material approved after test, or a combination of these materials.
AREA
As applied to a form of construction, means an uncovered subsurface space adjacent to a building; "area" as applied to the dimensions of a building, means the maximum horizontal projected area of the building at grade.
BASEMENT
A story, the floor of which is not less than two (2) feet below and the ceiling of which is not less than four (4) feet and six (6) inches above ground.
BEARING WALL
A wall which supports any vertical load in addition to its own weight.
BUILDING
A combination of materials to form a construction that is safe and stable, and adapted to permanent or continuous occupancy for residence; the term "building" shall be construed as if followed by the words "or part thereof".
BUILDING COMMISSIONER
The officer or other person charged with the administration and enforcement of this Chapter, or his/her duly authorized representative.
BUILDING LINE
The line, established by law, beyond which a building shall not extend, except as specifically provided by law.
CELLAR
A story, the ceiling of which is entirely below or less than four (4) feet six (6) inches above grade.
CEMENT, LIME, MORTAR
A mixture of one (1) part cement, one (1) part of slaked lime or dry hydrated lime, and not more than six (6) parts of sand, proportioned by volume.
CEMENT MORTAR
A mixture of one (1) part cement and not more than three (3) parts of sand, proportioned by volume, with an allowable addition of hydrated lime not to exceed fifteen percent (15%) of the cement by volume.
CITY ATTORNEY
The person who is charged with the prosecution of actions at law on behalf of the municipality.
CONCRETE
Means, except when otherwise specifically provided, a mixture of one (1) part of cement and not more than two (2) parts of sand and four (4) parts of course aggregate which will pass through a two (2) inch ring, proportioned by volume.
CURB LEVEL
The elevation of the street grade as fixed by the municipal authorities; referring to a building, it means the elevation at that point of the street grade that is opposite the center of the wall nearest to and facing the street line; referring to an excavation, it means the elevation at that point of the street grade which is nearest to the point of the excavation under consideration.
DEAD LOAD
The weight of walls, partitions, floors, roofs and all other permanent construction of a building.
DISPLAY SIGN
A structure that is arranged, intended, designed or used as an advertisement, announcement or direction; and includes a sign, sign screen, billboard and advertising devices of every kind.
DWELLING
A building occupied exclusively for residence purposes and having not more than one (1) apartment.
FLOOR AREAS
A floor space enclosed by exterior walls.
FOUNDATION WALL
A wall or pier below curb level serving as support for a wall, pier, column, or other structural part of a building.
GARAGE
A building, shed or enclosure, or a part thereof, in which a motor vehicle containing volatile inflammable oil in its fuel storage tank is stored, housed or kept.
GOVERNING BODY
The legislative body of the municipality.
GRADE
With reference to a building, means, when the curb level has been established, the mean elevation of the curb level opposite those walls that are located on or parallel with and within fifteen (15) feet of street lines; or,when the curb level has not been established, or all the walls of the building are more than fifteen (15) feet from street lines; "grade" means the mean elevation of the ground adjoining the building on all sides.
HABITABLE ROOM
A room occupied by one (1) or more persons for living, eating or sleeping, and includes kitchens serving individual households, but does not include bathrooms, water closet compartments, laundries, serving and storage pantries, corridors, cellars and spaces that are not used frequently or during extended periods.
HEIGHT
As applied to a building, means the vertical distance from grade to the highest point of such building; "height", as applied to a story, means the vertical distance from top to top of two (2) successive tiers of floor beams.
HEIGHTS
As applied to a wall, means the vertical distance to the top measured from the foundation wall, or from a girder or other immediate support of such wall.
HEREAFTER
After the time that this Chapter becomes effective.
HERETOFORE
Before the time that this Chapter becomes effective.
HOLLOW BLOCK
A cellular building unit of burnt clay, concrete, or cinder concrete, the gross cubic content of which is not less than fifty percent (50%) greater than the standard size of brick and the cellular spaces of which are in excess of twenty-five percent (25%) of the gross cubic content of the unit.
HOLLOW WALL
A wall which consists essentially of two (2) four (4) inch wythes of approved masonry divided by a cavity of air space approximately two (2) inches in width to compose a wall of not less than ten (10) inches in width, exclusive of any plastering and which wall has the inner and outer wythes of masonry rigidly bonded together by bonding or tie units extending across the cavity.
LIVE LOAD
All loads except dead load.
LOT
A portion or parcel of land considered as a unit, devoted to a certain use or occupied by a building or a group of buildings that are united by a common interest or use, and the customary accessories and open spaces belonging to the same. This definition applies to this Chapter only and shall in no way change or modify the definition and use of lots as established by the Zoning Ordinance.
LOT LINE
A line dividing one (1) lot from another, or from a street or other public space.
OCCUPIED
As applied to a building, shall be construed as though followed by the words "or intended, arranged or designed to be occupied".
ORDINARY CONSTRUCTION
As applied to buildings, means that in which the exterior walls are of approved masonry; and in which the interior structural elements are, wholly or partly, of wood of smaller dimensions than required for heavy timber construction, of steel or iron that is not protected as required for fireproof construction or semi-fireproof construction. The term "ordinary construction" corresponds generally with that variously called "non-fireproof, masonry walls and wooden joists", or "ordinary masonry" construction.
PRIVATE GARAGE
A garage, for not more than three (3) motor vehicles, in which no business or industry connected directly or indirectly with motor vehicles is carried on.
PUBLIC BUILDING
A building in which persons congregate for civic, political, educational, religious, social or recreational purposes; including among others, courthouses, schools, colleges, libraries, museums, exhibition buildings, lecture halls, churches, assembly halls, lodge rooms, dance halls, theatres, bath houses, armories, recreation piers.
REINFORCED CONCRETE
A special Portland cement concrete in which steel is embedded in such a manner that the two (2) materials act together in resisting forces.
REPAIR
The replacement of existing work with the same kind of material used in the existing work not including any work that would affect the structural safety of the building, or that would affect or change required exit facilities, or that would affect a vital element of an elevator, plumbing, gas piping, wiring or heating installation, or that would be in violation of a provision of law or ordinance.
REQUIRED
Required by some provision of this Chapter.
RESIDENCE BUILDING
Except when classed as an institutional building, means a building in which sleeping accommodations are provided.
SOLID BLOCK
A building unit of burnt clay or of stone, concrete or cinder concrete, the gross cubic content of which is not less than fifty percent (50%) greater than the standard size of brick, and in which there are no cellular spaces exceeding in the aggregate twenty-five percent (25%) of the gross cubic content of the unit.
STAIRWAY
One (1) or more flights of stairs and the necessary landings and platforms connecting them, to form a continuous and uninterrupted passage from one story to another in a building or structure.
STANDARD FIRE TEST
The fire test formulated under the procedure of the American Standards Association as "American Standard" or as "Tentative American Standard".
STORY
Part of a building comprised between a floor and the floor or roof next above; and includes basement and cellar. Within the meaning of this definition, that which is frequently referred to as a "half story", is a "story". A mezzanine is also a story though when the area of such a story is small (less than ten percent (10%) of the story immediately below it), it might be considered as a gallery. For the specific limitations of "basement" and "cellar", stories see the definitions of those terms.
STREET
A highway or thoroughfare dedicated or devoted to public use by legal mapping, user or other lawful manner; and includes avenue, road, alley, lane, boulevard, terrace, concourse, driveway, sidewalk.
STREET LINE
A lot line dividing a lot from a street.
STRUCTURE
A combination of materials, other than a building, to form a construction that is safe and stable; including among others, stadiums, gospel and circus tents, reviewing stands, platforms, stagins, observation towers, radio towers, fences and display signs; the term "structure" shall be construed as if followed by the words "or part thereof". Note: the distinction between "structure" and "building" should be noted. "Structure" is the broader term; "building" is a restricted form of "structure".
WIDTH
As applied to a court, means the minimum average width taken along all sides, including lot lines of the court, the widths along each side being measured at right angles, or normal to and from such side to the opposite side at the point of measurement.
YARD
A court that extends along the entire length of a lot line.
[CC 1987 §505.030; Ord. No. 325 Art. 4, 8-31-1954]
A. 
No building or structure shall hereafter be constructed, altered, repaired, or removed, nor shall the equipment of a building, structure or premises be constructed, installed, altered, repaired or removed, except in conformity with the provisions of this Chapter.
B. 
No building or structure shall be altered in any manner that would be in violation of the provisions of this Chapter or of any authorized rule or approval of the Building Commissioner made and issued thereunder.
C. 
But nothing in this Chapter shall prohibit the raising or lowering of a building to meet a change of grade in the street on which it is located, provided that the building is not otherwise altered.
D. 
Any building or structure which is damaged by fire or other act of God to an extent exceeding fifty percent (50%) of the cost to newly erect a similar building or structure on the identical site shall be repaired or rebuilt only in full conformity with all of the provisions of this Chapter and of the Zoning Ordinance of this municipality.
[CC 1987 §505.040; Ord. No. 325 Art. 5, 8-31-1954]
It shall be unlawful to maintain, occupy or use a building or structure, or part thereof, that has been erected or altered in violation of the provisions of this Chapter
[CC 1987 §505.050; Ord. No. 325 Art. 6, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 424, 7-2-1958]
A. 
The provisions of this Chapter apply to buildings or structures on land not devoted or appropriated to streets, and to constructions, such as vaults, areas or street encroachments, however placed, that are appurtenant to such buildings or structures.
B. 
Such provisions shall apply with equal force to municipal, County or State buildings, as they do to private buildings, except as may be specifically provided for by Statute or ordinance.
C. 
Upon application for a building permit, plans and specifications should first be given to the Building Commissioner for his/her study and action, and then given to the Aldermen of the Ward affected, for their approval.
[CC 1987 §505.060; Ord. No. 325 Art. 7, 8-31-1954]
The duties of the Building Commissioner are set forth herein. The Building Commissioner shall devote the time necessary to fulfill the duties of his/her office. He/she shall examine premises for which permits have been issued and shall make necessary inspections to see that the provisions of law are complied with and that construction is prosecuted safely. He/she shall enforce all laws relating to the construction, alteration, repair, demolition, equipment, use and occupancy, location and maintenance of buildings and structures, except as may be otherwise provided for. He/she shall, when requested by the Governing Body, or when the interests of the municipality so require, make investigations in connection with matters referred to in this Chapter and render written reports on the same. For the purpose of enforcing compliance with law, to remove illegal or unsafe conditions, to secure the necessary safeguards during construction, or to require adequate exit facilities in existing buildings and structures, he/she shall issue such notices or orders as may be necessary.
[CC 1987 §505.070; Ord. No. 325 Art. 8, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 424, 7-2-1958]
A. 
Inspections required under the provisions of this Chapter shall be made by the Building Commissioner or a duly appointed assistant; provided that he/she may accept reports of inspectors of recognized inspection services, after investigation of their qualifications and reliability. But no certificate called for by any provision of this Chapter shall be based on such reports unless the same are in writing and certified by a responsible officer of such service. Contractors shall notify the office of the Building Commissioner at least twenty-four (24) hours in advance for any inspection. The following inspections are required:
1. 
Excavation (before pouring footings).
2. 
When ready for backfill on foundations of poured concrete, stone, brick or concrete blocks after completing exterior pointing, but before backfilling.
3. 
Final rough inspection after plumbing approval and when ready for, but before the application of lath.
4. 
When reinforcing steel is in place before pouring concrete for any reinforced concrete work.
5. 
Final inspection when all work is completed.
6. 
A fee of two dollars ($2.00) per applicable inspection, as in this Article specified, shall be paid before issuance of permit.
[CC 1987 §505.080; Ord. No. 325 Art. 9, 8-31-1954]
A. 
For carrying into effect its provisions, the Building Commissioner shall adopt rules as prescribed in this Chapter and consistent therewith, it being the intent of this requirement that the standards of Federal or State bureaus, national, technical organizations, or fire underwriters, as the same may be amended from time to time, shall serve as a guide in fixing the minimum rules of practice under this Chapter.
B. 
For the purpose of securing for the public the benefits of new developments in the building industry and yet insuring public safety, he/she shall make or cause to be made investigations, or may accept duly authenticated reports from reliable sources, of new materials or modes of construction, intended for use in the construction of buildings or structures in the municipality which are not provided for in this Chapter, and shall be recommended to the Board of Aldermen, rules setting forth the conditions under which such materials or modes of construction may be used.
[CC 1987 §505.090; Ord. No. 325 Art. 10, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 424, 7-2-1958]
A. 
The Clerk shall keep careful and comprehensive records of applications, of permits issued, of certificates issued, of inspections made, of reports rendered, and of notices or orders issued. He/she shall retain on file copies of all papers in connection with building work of a period of one (1) year after date of completion.
B. 
All such records shall be open to public inspection at official hours.
[CC 1987 §505.100; Ord. No. 325 Art. 11, 8-31-1954]
The Building Commissioner shall make periodical reports to the Governing Body as requested, including statements of permits and certificates issued and orders promulgated.
[CC 1987 §505.110; Ord. No. 325 Art. 12, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 424, 7-2-1958]
A. 
The Building Official may request and shall receive so far as may be necessary, in the discharge of his/her duties, the assistance and cooperation of the City Engineer in fixing grades, of the Chief of Police in enforcing order, of the corporation counsel in prosecuting violations, and of other City Officials or corresponding officials.
B. 
It shall also be the duty of the Chief of Police and the Police force to report to the Building Commissioner any violations of the provisions of this Chapter on the respective beats of the Police, and all Policemen shall note all building operations on their beats and if no building permit has been issued by the Building Department, they shall report the same to the Building Commissioner and execute his/her orders relative to the suspension of any work on any property.
C. 
A report of each permit issued shall be furnished the Police Department to assist them in enforcing Subsection (B) of this Section.
[CC 1987 §505.120; Ord. No. 325 Art. 13, 8-31-1954]
A. 
The Building Commissioner, in the discharge of his/her duties, shall have authority to enter any building, structure or premises under construction or in the process of alteration or demolition at any reasonable hour.
B. 
For the purpose of identification, the Board of Aldermen shall provide the Building Commissioner with a badge of office which he/she shall display on demand; provided that in an emergency, any other method of identification shall be sufficient.
[CC 1987 §505.130; Ord. No. 558 §1, 4-20-1964]
A. 
When Required. It shall not be lawful to construct, alter, remove or demolish, or to commence the construction, alteration, removal or demolition of a building or structure without first filing with the Building Commissioner an application in writing and obtaining a formal permit.
B. 
Form.
1. 
An application to the City Clerk for a permit shall be submitted on such form as shall be approved.
2. 
Such application shall contain the full names and addresses of the applicant and of the owner, and, if the owner is a corporate body, of its responsible officers.
3. 
Such application shall describe briefly the proposed work and shall give such additional information as may be required by the Building Commissioner for an intelligent understanding of the proposed work.
4. 
Such application shall contain an affidavit sworn before a notary public, that all delinquent taxes, fees, licenses, assessments due to and owing to the City of Northwoods have been paid as required of the applicant.
C. 
Payment Of Tax Or Other Obligations. No license or permit, provided for under this Chapter and its amendments and supplements, shall be issued by any department of the City to any property owner and/or any other person, firm, association or corporation until all personal property and real estate taxes, merchant's and manufacturer's taxes, or other license fees, permit fees, inspection fees, assessments or other financial obligations which are delinquent and owing to the City have been paid.
[CC 1987 §505.140; Ord. No. 325 Art. 15, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 377, 2-28-1956]
Applications for permits shall be accompanied by such drawings of the proposed work, drawn to scale, including floor plans, specifications, sections, elevations and structural details, as the Building Commissioner may require.
All persons applying for a building permit for any proposed building or structure costing in excess of seven hundred fifty dollars ($750.00) shall file with such application, plans, drawings and specifications therefor prepared by either a licensed engineer or registered architect, before such permit shall be issued.
[CC 1987 §505.150; Ord. No. 325 Art. 16, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 424, 7-2-1958; Ord. No. 02-05 §§1 — 2, 4-9-2002]
A. 
The fee to be paid for a permit to erect or rebuild a building, or for removal of any building from one place to another shall be fifty dollars ($50.00) if estimated cost thereof is less than ten thousand dollars ($10,000.00), and for every additional one thousand dollars ($1,000.00), or fraction thereof, estimated cost an additional one dollar ($1.00) shall be collected with a maximum of fifty dollars ($50.00). For new auxiliary buildings, retaining walls in excess of three (3) feet zero (0) inches in height above low side ground level, swimming pools, the fee shall be one dollar ($1.00) for estimated costs up to five thousand dollars ($5,000.00), and one dollar ($1.00) per one thousand dollars ($1,000.00) for additional estimated costs above five thousand dollars ($5,000.00)
B. 
The fee to alter, repair, or enlarge any existing structure shall be one dollar ($1.00). The fee to be paid to wreck a building shall be five dollars ($5.00).
C. 
In addition to the aforesaid permit fees, all applicants for permit to erect a building, retaining wall or other structure covered herein, or to raise or lower of same, shall deposit with the proper officer designated by the Board of Aldermen, as security, the sum of fifty dollars ($50.00) per permit; all applicants for permit to wreck, alter, enlarge or repair (except minor repairs), including the erection of any subsequent auxiliary buildings, shall deposit, as aforesaid, as security, the sum of twenty-five dollars ($25.00) per permit, said cash deposit is required for the financial protection of the City of Northwoods, and all unused portions of said deposits are to be returned to the depositor within thirty (30) days after the City is satisfied that the building or buildings, or retaining wall or wrecking or removal of building have been satisfactorily completed, and all damage to City property has been liquidated, and all obligations to the City paid.
D. 
No permit shall be issued until the fee and deposit has been paid.
E. 
If it should appear to the Board of Aldermen during the erection, alteration, enlargement, repair or removal of any building or retaining wall, for which a permit has been issued, that the cost thereof is in excess of the amount stated in the original application, the Board shall have the authority to re-estimate such cost and to require the owner of said structure to pay an additional fee, so that the fee, when paid in full, shall conform to the entire cost of erecting, altering, enlarging, repairing or removing such structure as provided in this Section.
[CC 1987 §505.160; Ord. No. 325 Art. 17, 8-31-1954]
There shall also be filed a plot diagram in a form and size suitable for filing permanently with the permit record, drawn to scale, with all dimensions figured, showing accurately the size and exact location of all proposed new construction, or, in the case of demolition, of such constructions as is to be demolished, and of all existing buildings and structures that are to remain. The property shall be surveyed by a recognized surveyor showing all corners of the lot and building lines.
[CC 1987 §505.170; Ord. No. 325 Art. 18, 8-31-1954]
Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the filing of amendments to an application or to a plan or other record accompanying same, at any time before the completion of the work for which the permit was sought. Such amendments, after approval, shall be filed with and be deemed a part of the original application.
[CC 1987 §505.180; Ord. No. 325 Art. 19, 8-31-1954]
Repairs to buildings or structures not involving a change in the structural parts may be made without filing an application or obtaining a permit.
[CC 1987 §505.190; Ord. No. 325 Art. 20, 8-31-1954]
Nothing in this Chapter shall require changes in the plans, construction or designated use of a building for which a lawful permit has been heretofore issued or which has been otherwise lawfully authorized, and the construction of which shall have been actually begun within ninety (90) days after this Chapter becomes effective and which entire building shall be completed, as authorized, within two (2) years thereafter.
[CC 1987 §505.200; Ord. No. 325 Art. 21, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 424, 7-2-1958; Ord. No. 474 §§1 — 4, 9-12-1960]
A. 
Action On Application. It shall be the duty of all the officials to examine applications for permits within three (3) working days after filing with the respective officials. If, after examination, he/she finds no objection to the same, and it appears that the proposed work will be in compliance with the laws and ordinances applicable thereto, and the proposed construction or work will be safe, he/she shall approve such application and the City Clerk shall issue a permit for the proposed work as soon as practicable. If his/her examination reveals otherwise, he/she will reject such application, noting his/her findings in a report to be attached to the application and delivering a copy to the applicant. Note: In case of a rejected application, suitable amendments and new plans may be accepted to remove the objections which were the basis of the rejection, after which the permit may be issued.
B. 
Permit For Removal. No permit to remove a building or structure shall be granted until notice of application thereof shall have been given to the owners of lots adjoining the lot upon which said building or structure is to be moved and to the owners of wires or other impediments, the temporary removal of which will be necessary, and an opportunity has been given said owners to be heard upon such application, nor until a bond in an adequate sum has been filed with the Governing Body to indemnify and save harmless the municipality for damages.
C. 
Conditions Of The Permit.
1. 
All work performed under a permit issued by the City Clerk shall conform to the approved application and plans, and approved amendments thereof.
2. 
The location of all new construction as shown on the approved plot diagram or an approved amendment thereof, shall be strictly adhered to.
3. 
It shall be unlawful to reduce or diminish the area of a lot or plot of which a plot diagram has been filed and has been used as the basis for a permit, unless a revised plot diagram showing the proposed change in conditions shall have been filed or approved; provided that this shall not apply when the lot is reduced by reason of a street opening or widening or other public improvement.
D. 
Signature To Permit. Every permit issued by the Building Commissioner under the provisions of this Chapter shall have his/her signature affixed thereto, but this shall not prevent him/her from authorizing a subordinate to affix such signature.
E. 
Limitation. No charge shall be made for this extension. However, if the Board of Aldermen decide sufficient time has been allowed, permit will be declared to have "expired". Subsequent renewal will then be considered as new application with all applicable fees to be paid.
F. 
Posting Of Permit.
1. 
A copy of the permit shall be kept on the premises open to public inspection during the prosecution of the work and until the completion of the same.
2. 
The Building Official may require a certified copy of the approved plans to be kept on the premises at all times from the commencement of the work to the completion thereof.
3. 
The Building Commissioner shall be given at least twenty-four (24) hours' notice of the starting of work under a permit.
G. 
Revocation.
1. 
The Building Commissioner may revoke a permit or approval issued under the provisions of this Chapter in case there has been any false statement or misrepresentation as to a material fact in the application or plans on which the permit or approval was based.
2. 
Any plans not showing all requirements of the Building Code shall not be constituted as acceptance of the building as drawn, and any requirements of the Code must be complied with at any time when required by the Building Official even if same has been overlooked when permit was granted. Granting of permit upon plans submitted shall not be construed as allowing any work which in any way violates any Section of this Chapter.
H. 
Exception.
1. 
In order to promote the public safety and general welfare, hereafter no building permit shall be issued for any building upon any lot facing upon a platted but not improved street within the City of Northwoods, until legal petition for an accepted standard street in front of the building lots shall have been submitted to and approved by the Board of Aldermen.
2. 
Nothing herein contained shall affect streets or building lots facing on streets outside of the limits of the City of Northwoods.
3. 
Nothing herein contained shall be interpreted as meaning that partial streets shall be permitted, since it is the expressed intent of the Board of Aldermen that only an entire street between two (2) platted intersecting streets shall be approved and accepted.
4. 
No occupancy permit shall be issued until said planned and approved street is constructed in accordance with Ordinance No. 397, and approved and accepted by the Board of Aldermen for maintenance by the City of Northwoods.
[CC 1987 §505.210; Ord. No. 446, 5-26-1959; Ord. No. 04-01 §1, 4-13-2004]
A. 
New Building. No buildings hereinafter erected shall be occupied or used, in whole or in part, until a certificate of occupancy shall have been issued therefor.
B. 
Temporary Occupancy. Upon request of the holder of a permit, or of the owner, a temporary certificate of occupancy for part of a building may be issued as hereinafter provided, and further provided that such temporary occupancy or use would not jeopardize health, life or property.
C. 
Issuance. A certificate of occupancy shall be issued only upon final inspection and approval by the City Building Commissioner or any structure erected pursuant to a building permit issued therefore; the Building Commissioner shall certify his/her final inspection and approval thereof to the members of the Board of Aldermen of the Ward in which such structure is situated. The Aldermen shall thereupon authorize the City Clerk to issue an occupancy certificate therefor providing they are satisfied that such structure is proper and in conformity with the permit issued therefor.
D. 
Existing Buildings. Nothing in this Section shall require the removal, alteration, or abandonment of, nor prevent the continuance of the use and occupancy of a lawfully existing building except as may be necessary for the safety of health, life and property. Upon written request from the owner, the City Clerk shall issue a certificate of occupancy for an existing building, as is provided in foregoing Subsection (C) above, providing there are no violations of law or orders of the Building Official pending.
E. 
Change Of Occupancy.
1. 
No change of occupancy or use shall be made in a building hereinafter erected or altered that is not consistent with the last issued certificate of occupancy for such building, unless a permit is secured. In case of an existing building, no change of occupancy that would bring it under some special provision of this Chapter or other ordinance of the City, shall be made unless, upon inspection, it is disclosed that such building conforms substantially to the provisions of law with respect to the proposed new occupancy and use, and a certificate of occupancy may be issued therefor as in this Section provided.
2. 
The use of a building or premises shall not be deemed to have changed because of a temporary vacancy or change of ownership or tenancy. The reestablishment in a building after a change of occupancy has been made, of a prior use that would not have been permitted in a new building of the same type of construction, is prohibited. The change from a specifically prohibited use to another specifically prohibited use shall not be made.
3. 
No certificate of occupancy shall be issued when the use of the building or structure is prohibited by Zoning Ordinance.
4. 
No certificate of occupancy shall be issued until the owner of any property seeking an occupancy permit has caused all trees and shrubbery overhanging any adjacent property to be trimmed back to the property line. If, in the opinion of the City's Code Official, the trimming of any tree or shrub back to the property line might endanger the health of such tree or shrub, the Code Official shall require only such trimming as will not endanger the health of any tree or shrub.
[CC 1987 §505.220; Ord. No. 325 Art. 23, 8-31-1954]
Upon the completion of the construction, alteration or repair of a structure, the Building Commissioner, shall, if so requested by the holder of the permit, issue a certificate to the effect that the structure has been completed in conformity with the provisions of this Chapter, and indicating the use or uses to which the structure may thereafter be put and to what extent.
[CC 1987 §505.230; Ord. No. 325 Art. 24, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Removal Or Repair Of Building.
1. 
A building or structure that may be or shall at any time hereafter become dangerous or unsafe, shall, unless made safe and secure, be taken down and removed.
2. 
A building or structure declared structurally unsafe by duly constituted authority may be restored to safe condition; provided that if the damage or cost of reconstruction or restoration is in excess of fifty percent (50%) of the value of the building or structure exclusive of foundations, such building, or structure, if reconstructed or restored, shall be made to conform with respect to materials, and type of construction, to the requirements for buildings and structures hereafter erected; but no change of use or occupancy shall be compelled by reason of such reconstruction or restoration.
B. 
Notice Of Unsafe Building.
1. 
Upon receipt of information that a building or structure is unsafe, the Building Commissioner shall make or cause to be made an inspection; and if it is found that an unsafe condition exists, he/she shall serve or cause to be served on the owner, or some of the owners, mortgagees, executors, administrator, agents, lessees or other persons who may have a vested or contingent interest in the same, a written notice containing a description of the building, or structure deemed unsafe, a statement of the particulars in which the building or structure is unsafe, and an order requiring the same to be made safe and secure or removed, as may be deemed necessary by him/her.
2. 
If the person to whom such notice and order is addressed cannot be found within the City after diligent search, then such notice and order shall be sent by registered mail to the last known address of such person; and a copy of such notice shall be posted in a conspicuous place on the premises to which it relates. Such mailing and posting shall be deemed adequate service.
C. 
Disregard Of Notice. If the person served with a notice or order to remove or repair an unsafe building or structure should fail, within a reasonable time, to comply with the requirement thereof, the City Attorney shall be advised of all the facts in the case, and shall institute an appropriate action in the courts to compel a compliance.
D. 
Emergency Work. In case there shall be, in the opinion of the Building Commissioner, actual and immediate danger of the falling of a building or structure so as to endanger life or property, he/she shall cause the necessary work to be done to render said building or structure, or part thereof, temporarily safe, whether the procedure prescribed in this Section has been instituted or not.
E. 
Vacating Buildings And Closing Streets. When a building or structure is in an unsafe condition so that life is endangered thereby, the Building Commissioner may order and require the inmates and occupants to vacate the same forthwith. He/she may, when necessary for public safety, temporarily close sidewalks, streets, buildings, structures and places adjacent to such building or structure, and prohibit the same from being used.
F. 
Laborers And Materials. For the purpose of this Section, the Building Commissioner may employ such laborers and materials as may be necessary.
G. 
Recovery Of Costs. The City Attorney shall institute appropriate actions against the owner of premises where the unsafe building or structure was located for the recovery of costs incurred by the Building Commissioner in the performances of emergency work.
[CC 1987 §505.240; Ord. No. 325 Art. 25, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Notices.
1. 
Whenever the Building Commissioner is satisfied that a building or structure, or any work in connection therewith, the erection, construction, alteration, or repair of which is regulated, permitted or forbidden by this Chapter, is being erected, constructed, altered or repaired, in violation of the provisions or requirements of this Chapter, or in violation of a detailed statement or plan submitted and approved, thereunder, or of a permit or certificate issued thereunder, he/she may serve a written notice or order upon the person responsible therefor directing discontinuance of such illegal action and the remedying of the condition that is in violation of the provisions or requirements of this Chapter.
2. 
In case such notice or order is not promptly complied with, the Building Commissioner shall request the City Attorney to institute an appropriate action or proceeding at law or in equity, to restrain, correct or remove such violation, or the execution of work thereon, or to restrain or correct the erection or alteration of, or to require the removal of, or to prevent the occupation or use of, the building or structure erected, constructed or altered, in violation of, or not in compliance with the provisions of this Chapter or with respect to which the requirements thereof, or of any order or direction made pursuant to provisions contained therein, shall not have been complied with.
B. 
Stopping Work. Whenever, in the opinion of the Building Commissioner, by reason of defective or illegal work in violation of a provision or requirement of this Chapter, the continuance of a building operation is contrary to public welfare, he/she may order, either orally or in writing, all further work to be stopped and may require suspension of work until the condition in violation has been remedied.
C. 
Permits.
1. 
A person who shall violate a provision of this Chapter or fail to comply therewith or with any of the requirements thereof, or who shall erect, construct, alter or repair, or has erected, constructed, altered or repaired a building or structure, in violation of a detailed statement or plan submitted and approved thereunder, or of a permit or certificate issued thereunder, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than ten dollars ($10.00), nor more than one hundred dollars ($100.00), or by imprisonment not exceeding ninety (90) days, or by both such fine and imprisonment, and each day such violation shall be permitted to exist shall constitute a separate offense.
2. 
The owner of a building, structure or premises, where anything in violation of this Chapter shall be placed or shall exist, and an architect, builder, contractor, agent, person or corporation employed in connection therewith and who may have assisted in the commission of such violation shall each be guilty of a separate offense and upon conviction thereof, shall be fined as herein provided.
D. 
Abatement. The imposition of the penalties herein prescribed shall not preclude the City Attorney from instituting an appropriate action or proceeding to prevent an unlawful erection, construction, reconstruction, alteration, repair, conversion, maintenance or use, or to restrain, correct or abate a violation, or to prevent the occupancy of a building, structure, or premises, or to prevent an illegal act, conduct, business or use in or about any premises.
[CC 1987 §505.250; Ord. No. 325 Art. 26, 8-31-1954]
Whenever the Building Commissioner shall reject or refuse to approve the mode or manner of construction proposed to be followed, or materials to be used in the erection or alteration of a building or structure, or when it is claimed that the provisions of this Chapter or any duly adopted rules do not apply, the owner of such building or structure, or his/her duly authorized agent, may appeal from the decision of the Building Commissioner to the Board of Aldermen.
[CC 1987 §505.260; Ord. No. 325 Art. 28, 8-31-1954]
For the purposes of this Chapter, buildings are classified, with respect to occupancy and use, as public buildings and resident buildings.
[CC 1987 §505.270; Ord. No. 325 Art. 29, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Types Designated. For the purpose of this Chapter, construction as used in buildings shall be classified as fireproof construction, semi-fireproof construction, heavy timber construction, ordinary semi-construction, and unprotected metal construction.
B. 
Partial Compliance. Nothing in this Chapter shall require full compliance with a type of construction, if, under this Chapter, a less restricted form of construction is permitted, but no building shall be deemed of a given type of construction unless it conforms with all specific provisions of this Chapter applying to that type.
[CC 1987 §505.280; Ord. No. 325 Art. 30, 8-31-1954]
The restrictions of the Zoning Ordinance with respect to the location of trades and industries, the use and occupancy of buildings, the height and bulk of buildings, and the areas of yards, courts and other open spaces shall be deemed to be modified by any provisions of this Chapter, and such restrictions shall be controlled except insofar as this Chapter imposes greater restrictions by reason of the type of construction used, in which case the provisions of this Chapter shall control.
[CC 1987 §505.290; Ord. No. 325 Art. 31, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 86-29 §1, 7-8-1986]
A. 
In exterior design and exterior use of materials and workmanship, buildings shall conform with the majority of buildings new in the City. The Board shall be the sole judge as to whether the proposed building complies with the spirit and letter of this Section.
B. 
All exterior walls of the first (1st) floor area, exclusive of openings, on the front or sides of any building, shall be of brick, stone, veneer or approved masonry. Any exterior walls on the rear of any building, including walls as a result of an addition to said building shall, in the discretion of the Building Commissioner, be of any approved material, including aluminum or vinyl, veneer or wood siding.
C. 
No detached garage shall be closer to the street than the rear line of the building, no closer than one (1) foot to side lot line, and no closer than three (3) feet from adjacent building.
D. 
There shall be no duplication of exteriors of any building, closer than every fourth (4th) house.
[CC 1987 §505.300; Ord. No. 325 Art. 32, 8-31-1954; Ord. No. 398, 5-4-1957]
A. 
Quality Of Materials. All building materials shall be of a quality to meet the intent of this Chapter and shall conform to specifications, consistent with its requirements, promulgated as rules by the Building Commissioner in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter relating to administration.
1. 
Tests.
a. 
Accepted materials. In case there is reason to doubt the quality of a material to be used in a building or structure, the Building Commissioner may require tests to be made to establish its suitability or to determine whether it conforms to the intent of this Chapter.
b. 
New materials, appliances and construction.
(1) 
New building materials or materials not otherwise provided for in this Chapter, shall be subjected to such tests to determine their character and quality as the Building Commissioner shall direct.
(2) 
Appliances permitted or required by provisions of this Chapter and new methods of construction shall be subjected to such tests to determine their efficiency, as the Building Commissioner shall prescribe.
c. 
Conduct of tests. Tests required under this Section shall be conducted under the supervision of the Building Commissioner at a testing laboratory of recognized standing. Duly authenticated tests by a competent person or laboratory may be accepted by him/her in lieu of tests under his/her own supervision. So far as practicable tests procedure shall be described in rules duly promulgated in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.
d. 
Approvals. Any material, appliance, or method of construction meeting the requirements of this Chapter or rules authorized thereunder shall be approved by the Building Commissioner within a reasonable time after the completion of the tests. All such approvals and conditions under which they are issued shall be reported and kept on file, open to public inspection.
e. 
Conditions attaching to approvals.
(1) 
Materials, appliances or methods of construction which have been tested and approved shall be used and installed in accordance with the terms of approval.
(2) 
So far as practicable, materials and appliances for which special approvals have been issued shall have a distinctive brand mark for identification impressed on or otherwise attached to them. It shall be unlawful to use any such brand mark on any other material or appliance than that for which the approval was issued.
f. 
Additional tests. The Building Commissioner may require tests to be repeated, if at any time there is reason to believe that a material or appliance no longer conforms to the requirements on which its approval was based.
g. 
Tests on completed work. In case there is reason to question the safety of a floor or other structural part of a building or structure in course of construction, or before a certificate of occupancy has been issued, the Building Commissioner may require the owner or builder to make lead tests or other suitable tests to determine the acceptability of the construction. Such tests shall be made under the supervision of the Building Commissioner and shall show that the construction in question will sustain without serious distress a load equal to twice the design live load.
h. 
Rejection. Any material, appliance or method of construction failing to conform to the requirements of this Chapter or rules adopted thereunder shall not be used.
B. 
Loads.
1. 
General.
a. 
Every building and structure shall be designed and erected of sufficient strength in all its parts to sustain safely all live loads depending thereon, whether permanent or temporary, in addition to the dead loads.
b. 
Every temporary support placed in or under a building or structure shall be of sufficient strength to carry safely the load to be supported thereby.
2. 
Floor loads. No floor hereafter erected in a building shall be designed for less than forty (40) pounds live load per square foot of area uniformly distributed.
3. 
Roof loads.
a. 
Every roof hereafter erected, having a rise of four (4) inches or less per foot of horizontal projection, shall be designed to carry safety a vertical live load or not less than thirty (30) pounds per square foot of horizontal projection.
b. 
Every roof hereafter erected, having a rise of more than four (4) inches and not more than twelve (12) inches per foot of horizontal projection, shall be designed to carry safely a vertical live load of not less than twenty (20) pounds per square foot of horizontal projection.
c. 
Every roof hereafter erected, having a rise of more than twelve (12) inches per foot of horizontal projection, shall be designed to carry safely a wind force acting normal to the roof surface, on one (1) slope at a time, of twenty (20) pounds per square foot of such surface.
d. 
When a roof, in addition to serving as a closure of a building or structure, is to be used as a floor, it shall be designed to carry safely the live load to be imposed, but not less than the minimum live load prescribed in this Section for floors.
C. 
Wind Pressure.
1. 
When considered. All buildings and structures shall be designed to resist a horizontal wind pressure on all surfaces exposed to the wind, allowing for wind in any direction, of not less than fifteen (15) pounds per square foot for those portions less than forty (40) feet above ground, and of not less than thirty (30) pounds per square foot for those portions more than forty (40) feet above ground.
2. 
Stability. The overturning moment due to wind pressure shall not exceed seventy-five percent (75%) of the moment of stability disregarding live loads, unless the building structure is securely anchored to the foundation.
3. 
Allowable stresses.
a. 
For combined stresses due to wind and other loads, the working stresses prescribed in this Article may be increased thirty-three and one-third percent (33 1/3%); provided the Section thus found is not less than that required by the dead load and live loads alone.
b. 
For members carrying wind stresses only, the permissible working stresses may be increased thirty-three and one-third percent (33 1/3%) for steel, and fifty percent (50%) for reinforced concrete or wood.
D. 
Soil, Bearing Capacity.
1. 
Presumptive capacity.
a. 
In the absence of satisfactory tests, the sustaining power per square foot of different soils shall be deemed to be as follows:
Soft clay
1 ton
Wet sand
2 tons
Firm clay
2 tons
Sand and clay mixed or in layers
2 tons
Fine, dry sand
3 tons
Coarse sand
4 tons
Gravel
6 tons
Soft rock
8 tons
Hardpan
10 tons
Medium rock
15 tons
Hard rock
40 tons
b. 
In case a building or structure rests partly on rock or hardpan and partly on some other soil, the bearing capacity of the latter shall be taken at not more than one-half (½) of the capacity otherwise assumed.
c. 
All tests, borings and inspections as provided in preceding paragraphs and Sections under subtitle "Soil Bearing Capacity" as concerns reference to filled or partly filled ground shall be only done under the personal supervision of the City Building Commissioner who shall be in personal attendance at all times during such process, and shall, for his/her services, be allowed the sum of five dollars ($5.00) per hour which shall be paid by the owners, agent or contractor of the proposed structure, to the City Collector, which payment shall be accompanied by a plat certified by both such contractor and the City Building Commissioner showing the size, location and depth of piers to bedrock, and an itemized statement reflecting the actual time of the City Building Commissioner's attendance and supervision in such boring and drilling process.
The City Building Commissioner shall be paid by the City for such services rendered as provided for in the preceding paragraph, in the same manner as provided for the payment of all other accounts.
2. 
Inspection. No footings or foundations of a building or structure shall be constructed until the excavation and soil have been inspected and approved by the Building Commissioner.
3. 
Soil tests. When a doubt arises as to the safe sustaining power of the soil upon which a building or structure is to be erected, or it is desired to exceed the presumptive capacity, the Building Commissioner may direct that borings or tests be made by and at the expenses of the owner of the proposed building or structure to determine the sustaining power of the soil. Whenever such a test is made, the Building Commissioner shall be notified so that he/she may be present in person or by representative. A complete record of the tests shall be filed with the Building Commissioner.
4. 
Filled ground.
a. 
No foundation of a building or structure shall be placed on filled ground until the Building Commissioner has fixed, by test or inspection, the safe sustaining power that may be assumed.
b. 
No building or structure shall be built part on solid ground and part on filled ground, but all such foundations must be carried to solid ground in an approved manner.
[CC 1987 §505.310; Ord. No. 325 Art. 33, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Workmanship. Workmanship in the fabrication, preparation and installation of materials shall conform to generally accepted good practice. Specific provisions of this Article shall not be deemed to suspend any requirements of good practice, but shall be regarded as supplementing or emphasizing them, and shall be controlling. The Building Commissioner shall, as may be necessary, promulgate rules in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter embodying the requirements of such generally accepted good practice.
B. 
Excavation.
1. 
General. Until provision for permanent support has been made, excavations shall be properly guarded and protected to prevent the same from becoming dangerous to life or limb, and, where necessary, shall be sheetpiled and braced to prevent the adjoining earth from caving in, by the person causing the excavation to be made.
2. 
Duty of excavators and adjoining owners. Every person who proposes to excavate so near the foundation of any building, wall or structure adjoining the proposed excavation belonging to another owner or owners and which excavation may be liable to render the condition of such building, wall or structure unsafe shall notify the owner or owners thereof, in writing, at least ten (10) days before commencing such excavations that he/she proposes to make the same, and giving the size and approximate depth of the proposed excavation, a copy of which notice shall be filed with the Building Official, and it shall be the duty of the owner or owners thereof, at his/her or their expense, to protect and keep such building, wall or structure in a safe condition and the owner or owners of such adjoining building, wall or structure shall be permitted by the person making such excavation, to enter upon the premises where such excavation is being made whenever necessary, to fully perform his/her or their duty as required by this Section.
[CC 1987 §505.320; Ord. No. 325 Art. 34, 8-31-1954]
A. 
General Requirements.
1. 
All foundation walls shall be carried not less than thirty (30) inches below finish grade unless they rest upon natural beveled bedrock.
2. 
Private garages, and similar accessory buildings of frame construction, one (1) story in height, must rest upon a concrete base.
B. 
Footings. Footings consisting of approved masonry, reinforced concrete or steel grillages shall be provided under foundation walls that rest on earth.
C. 
Pressure Under Footings. For the loads exerting pressure under the footings of foundation walls, the full dead loads and the reduced required live loads on the lowest walls, piers or columns shall be taken.
D. 
Design.
1. 
Footings shall be designed that the pressure on the soil per unit of area shall, so far as possible, be uniform under all parts of the building or structure.
2. 
In proportioning the areas of footings, the dead loads alone shall be considered; provided, that in no case shall the full dead loads plus the reduced live loads on a footing exceed the bearing capacity of the soil.
3. 
The minimum size of footings under one-story dwellings shall be seven (7) inches beyond the width of the wall above on both the inside and outside, and shall be at least eight (8) inches thick. Footings under isolated piers or columns shall have at least nine (9) square feet of area and be at least twelve (12) inches thick and shall have steel reinforcement when required to develop the strength of the footing.
E. 
Foundation Walls.
1. 
Materials. Foundation walls shall be built of approved masonry, reinforced concrete, or steel encased in masonry; provided that no hollow blocks of burnt clay or cinder concrete shall be used.
2. 
Thickness.
a. 
Foundation walls shall be of adequate strength with a minimum thickness of ten (10) inches to resist lateral pressures from adjacent earth and to support their vertical loads; but the thickness shall be not less than the thickness of walls supported by them.
b. 
All foundation walls other than foundation walls of poured concrete must be waterproofed on the outside with Portland cement plaster not less than one-half (½) inch thick, plastered on the outside surface from the footing to the grade. Portland cement plaster to be a mixture of not less than one (1) part Portland cement, four (4) parts sand, and not to exceed fifteen percent (15%) lime putty.
F. 
Retaining Walls.
1. 
Construction. Walls built to retain or support adjoining earth or rock shall be constructed of approved masonry or reinforced concrete, and shall not exceed twenty (20) inches in height above grade.
2. 
Hydraulic head. Unless provision is made to drain off water, a hydrostatic pressure due to a head equal to the height of the wall shall be assumed.
3. 
Support. The pressure on the soil under such walls shall not exceed the safe bearing capacities allowed by this Chapter.
4. 
Coping. Retaining walls shall be protected by coping.
G. 
Masonry.
1. 
Materials. All masonry shall be constructed of approved materials. Approved masonry shall comply with the provisions of this Section.
2. 
Erection.
a. 
All masonry shall be protected against freezing for at least forty-eight (48) hours after being set. Unless adequate precautions against freezing are taken, no masonry shall be built when the temperature is below freezing. No frozen materials shall be built upon.
b. 
Except when carried independently by girders at each floor, no wall shall be built up more than ten (10) feet in height in advance of other walls of the building.
c. 
Masonry walls that meet or intersect shall be adequately bonded or anchored. Piers having less than four (4) square feet of cross-sectional area when located at an intersection with a wall shall be bonded into and built as part of that wall.
d. 
Every masonry pier supporting a girder, arch or column, or a lintel carrying a wall over an opening of more than six (6) feet shall be built of approved solid masonry; provided that isolated piers or posts on the interior of buildings shall not be built of stone; and provided further, that isolated piers shall not be built of hollow block masonry in buildings of fireproof construction, semi-fireproof construction, or heavy timber construction. All piers with an area of twenty-four (24) square inches or less shall be built of approved solid masonry.
e. 
Isolated piers shall not exceed in height ten (10) times their least dimension.
f. 
Door and window openings in walls shall be spanned by well buttressed arches, or by lintels having bearings proportioned to their loads, but not less than five (5) inches.
g. 
No masonry shall be supported on wooden girders or other form of wood construction.
h. 
No timber, excepting nailing blocks not exceeding an ordinary brick in size, shall be placed in masonry walls provided that in buildings of ordinary construction, this shall not preclude the use, on exterior walls, for decorative purpose only, timber members against the masonry or set into the masonry to no greater extent than permitted in this Section for chases.
i. 
During erection, walls shall be adequately braced.
j. 
All roof plate bolts, partition bolts and similar required bolts shall be embedded in approved masonry their full depth.
3. 
Brick masonry.
a. 
In brick walls at least every seventh (7th) course shall be a header course. In walls more than twelve (12) inches the inner joints of header courses shall be covered with another header course which shall break joints with the course below.
b. 
When running bond is used every seventh (7th) course shall be bonded into the backing in a substantial manner; or the face and backing brick shall be bonded at frequent intervals with approved non-corrodible metal wall ties.
c. 
Underburned bricks shall not be used in any part of a building or structure where exposed to the weather, not in isolated piers, not in such part of a bearing wall above which the wall extends more than forty (40) feet.
4. 
Stone masonry.
a. 
In stone masonry at least ten percent (10%) of the face area shall consist of header stones having not less than four (4) inches of bond into the backing masonry; provided that in rubble stone masonry, no header stone shall be less than twelve (12) inches long measured at right angles to the face of the masonry.
b. 
Sandstones and other stones showing a pronounced cleavage shall be laid on their natural bed, except for cornices and other projecting members which shall have the grain or bedding planes vertical and at right angles to the face of the masonry.
5. 
Hollow walls, and hollow block and solid block masonry. In hollow walls of masonry and in walls, partitions and piers of hollow blocks or solid blocks, three (3) courses of hard brick shall be provided at each line of floor joist and roof rafters, except in foundation walls of hollow blocks the hollow blocks may support floor joists if filled solidly with concrete at least six (6) inches thick, and no hollow blocks shall be used to support concentrated loads on jambs or piers unless filled solidly with concrete the full height of the jamb or pier. In hollow walls of masonry, the solid masonry as required under joists and rafters shall be a closure built across the center cavity, resting on approved tie units as hereinafter described, placed at intervals not exceeding eight and one-half (8½) inches on center across the cavity and all concentrated loads of structural beams, etc. shall be supported by solid masonry piers full height under same where such loads are excessive in the opinion of the Building Commissioner.
6. 
Concrete blocks — definition. All precast masonry building units made of Portland cement, fine and course aggregate, water and small quantities of hydrated lime are hereby defined as concrete building blocks within the meaning of this Section; hydrated lime shall not be used in excess of fifteen percent (15%) of the volume of cement used.
7. 
Ashlar facing.
a. 
Stone or architectural terra cotta, used for the facing of a wall shall not be considered as part of the required thickness of a wall, shall have at least twenty percent (20%) of the superficial area not less than four (4) inches thicker than the remainder of the facing to form bond units, which shall be uniformly disposed in the wall.
b. 
Approved masonry facing used as part of the required thickness of a wall shall have at least twenty percent (20%) of the superficial area not less than four (4) inches thicker than the remainder of the facing to form bond units, which shall be uniformly disposed in the wall.
c. 
All other facing which is not part of the required thickness of a wall shall be securely anchored to the wall in an approved manner.
8. 
Veneer.
a. 
Masonry veneer shall consist of brick, stone, or terra cotta.
b. 
Such veneer shall rest directly upon a foundation wall or upon other approved masonry or reinforced concrete.
c. 
It shall be securely attached at intervals of not more than sixteen (16) inches vertically and twenty-four (24) inches horizontally, to the wall, or in the case of frame construction, to approved sheathing combined with a weatherproof lining.
d. 
Non-corrodible flashing to prevent moisture from penetrating behind the veneer shall be provided at wall openings.
9. 
Mortar.
a. 
In masonry construction, footings, foundation walls and rubble stone walls shall be laid in cement mortar only.
b. 
Hollow walls of brick, chimneys, backing of walls faced with ashlar, exterior walls in skeleton construction and isolated piers shall be laid in cement mortar, cement lime mortar or lime mortar.
10. 
Wall thickness.
a. 
The thickness of masonry walls hereafter erected shall conform to the provisions of this Subdivision and shall in all cases, irrespective of other requirements of this Chapter, be sufficient to keep the stresses in the masonry within the working stresses prescribed in this Chapter.
b. 
Except as in this Subdivision otherwise provided, the thickness of masonry walls, other than fire walls and party walls, shall be not less than nine (9) inches for one-story buildings, and shall be thirteen (13) inches in thickness for two-story buildings.
c. 
Walls supported by girders at each story may be nine (9) inches thick.
d. 
The thickness of rubble stone walls shall be four (4) inches more than otherwise required for walls; provided that no rubble stone wall shall be less than thirteen (13) inches in thickness.
11. 
Existing walls. Walls heretofore erected may be used without change, if in good condition, in buildings hereafter erected of or altered; provided the same are in good condition.
H. 
Reinforced Concrete.
1. 
General. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Chapter, the "Building Regulations for Reinforced Concrete", as adopted and amended from time to time by the American Concrete Institute, shall be deemed to be the generally accepted good practice in reinforced concrete construction.
2. 
Concrete.
a. 
Concrete for reinforced concrete shall consist of one (1) part Portland cement and not more than six (6) parts aggregate, by volume measured dry, and not more than seven and one-half (7½) gallons of water per sack, ninety-four (94) pounds of cement. The aggregate shall be mixed in an appropriate ratio of two (2) parts fine aggregate and four (4) parts coarse aggregate.
b. 
Fine aggregate shall consist of sand, crushed stone or gravel screenings, passing, when dry, a screen having one-quarter (¼) inch diameter holes, but not more than six percent (6%) passing a sieve having one hundred (100) meshes per lineal inch.
c. 
Coarse aggregate shall consist of crushed stone or gravel or other approved inert material which is retained on a screen having one-quarter (¼) inch diameter holes, and graded in size from small to large particles. The maximum size shall be such that all the aggregate will pass through a one and one-quarter (1¼) inch diameter ring.
3. 
Reinforcement.
a. 
The steel reinforcement shall conform to accepted standards.
b. 
Nothing herein contained shall prevent the use of steel wire fabric for the reinforcement of slabs, for lateral reinforcement of columns, or for resistance to shrinkage and temperature stresses.
4. 
Protection against frost.
a. 
Unless approved effective provision is made against freezing, no concrete shall be deposited when the air temperature is thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit (32°F) or lower.
b. 
Freshly deposited concrete shall be adequately protected against freezing so long as the air temperature is thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit (32°F) or lower.
c. 
The provisions of this Subdivision shall also apply to plain concrete and other materials liable to injury or deterioration by freezing, which are used in fireproof construction and semi-fireproof construction or for other required protection against fire.
I. 
Steel And Iron.
1. 
General. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Chapter, the "Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Buildings" and the "Code of Standard Practice", as adopted and in effect as of January 2, 1946, by the American Institute of Steel Construction, shall be deemed to be the generally accepted good practice in steel construction.
2. 
Steel columns. No part of a steel column shall be less than one-quarter (¼) inch thick.
3. 
Column bases. Whenever necessary to properly distribute the load, iron or steel shoes, billets shall be used at the lower ends of columns.
4. 
Lintels, beams and girders.
a. 
When rolled steel beams are used in pairs to form a girder, they shall be connected together by bolts and separators at intervals of not more than five (5) feet. All beams twelve (12) inches and over in depth shall have at least two (2) bolts to each separator.
b. 
The thickness of web in riveted girders shall be not less than one hundred and sixtieth (1/160) of the distance between flanges or between stiffeners, and in no case less than one-quarter (¼) of an inch.
c. 
The compression flanges of steel beams and girders shall be supported laterally if the length exceeds stresses in such flanges are reduced as prescribed in this Chapter, but the distance between lateral supports shall not exceed forty (40) times the width of the flange.
J. 
Wood Construction.
1. 
Beams and joists.
a. 
In buildings other than buildings of frame construction, wooden beams and joists, except headers and tail joists, shall have bearings of at least four (4) inches.
b. 
The ends of wooden beams and joists resting on masonry walls shall be cut to a bevel of three (3) inches in their depth.
c. 
Wooden trimmers and headers over six (6) feet in length, unless supported on walls or girders, shall be hung in approved metal stirrups or hangers. When the span of a header is four (4) feet or more, the head and wooden trimmers supporting the header or tail joists shall be doubled.
d. 
No wooden beam or joist shall be cut or pierced in any manner that would cause it to be of insufficient strength for its load. Where structural members are cut for any purpose, their original strength shall be replaced in an approved manner. Where partition plates of bearing partitions are cut through, they shall be tied together in an approved manner and have proper (lateral) supports.
e. 
Except in the case of pitched roofs, wooden floor and roof joists having spans in excess of eight (8) feet shall be rigidly braced with continuous rows of bridging at intervals not exceeding eight (8) feet.
f. 
In ordinary construction all trimmers and at least one (1) beam or joist in every six (6) feet, which rest on masonry walls, shall be secured to such walls by approved metal anchors attached in a manner to be self releasing. When one (1) end of such a trimmer, beam or joist is supported by a girder, it shall be secured in an approved manner to such girder or to a trimmer, beam or joist correspondingly supported from the opposite side of such girder. Trimmers, beams or joists supported by girders at both ends shall be similarly secured to such girder or to trimmers, beams or joists supported from opposite side on such girder, to form continuous ties between opposite masonry walls.
g. 
Where floor or roof joists, or beams run parallel to masonry walls or alongside of piers otherwise unsupported, such walls and piers shall be secured to two (2) or more joists of the floor or roof construction by approved metal anchors located at each row of cross bridging.
h. 
In ordinary construction, wall plates and roof construction shall be anchored to the walls at least every six (6) feet with not less than a one-half (½) inch bolt, embedded in at least six (6) courses of brick or equivalent masonry. In heavy timber construction, every roof girder and every alternate roof beam shall be anchored to an exterior or interior wall or to an interior column; roof planking where supported by a wall shall be anchored to such wall at intervals not exceeding twenty (20) feet; every monitor and every sawtooth construction shall be anchored to the main roof construction. Such anchors shall consist of steel or iron bolts or straps of sufficient strength and ample anchorage to resist a vertical uplift of the roof of not less than twenty (20) pounds per square foot of roof surface.
2. 
Termite prevention.
a. 
No structural member of wood or other material into the composition of which cellulose enters in any form shall be placed in contact with the ground unless it has been impregnated in an approved manner with coal tar, creosote or other approved preservative.
b. 
No structural wooden member shall rest upon masonry unless there is interposed between it and the masonry a solid continuous layer of cement or solid concrete block at least four (4) inches thick.
3. 
Fire prevention.
a. 
Wooden joists, beams and girders resting on opposite sides of a masonry wall shall be separated from one another by at least four (4) inches of solid masonry, except as otherwise prescribed for heavy timber construction.
b. 
All wooden beams and joists shall be trimmed away from flues and chimneys, headers, beams, joists and studs running parallel to the wall shall be not less than two (2) inches from the outside face of a chimney or from masonry enclosing a flue. Headers supporting trimmer arches at fireplaces shall be not less than eighteen (18) inches from the face of the chimney breast. Trimmers shall be not less than six (6) inches from the inside face of the nearest flue.
c. 
No woodwork shall be placed within four (4) inches of the back face of a fireplace; nor shall combustible lathing, furring or studding be placed against a chimney; but this shall not prevent plastering directly on the masonry or on metal lath and furring.
d. 
No wooden mantel or other woodwork shall be hereafter placed within four (4) inches of a fireplace opening.
e. 
All spaces back of combustible mantels shall be filled with incombustible materials.
f. 
Fireplace hearths shall be constructed to be self-supporting and no wood centering or form work shall remain below or in contact with the hearth after completion.
g. 
All safety requirements of the current Fire District shall be a part of this Chapter.
4. 
Frame construction.
a. 
Walls and bearing partitions shall be constructed to develop a strength and rigidity equivalent to wooden studding not less than two (2) inches by four (4) inches, spaced not to exceed sixteen (16) inches on centers and bridged at least every four and one-half (4½) feet in height. The four (4) inches dimension of two by four (2 x 4) studs shall form the minimum thickness of a bearing partition. All stud-bearing partitions shall be bolted to exterior masonry walls at least twice in each story. All openings in partitions shall have the studs doubled. Heads of openings in bearing partitions shall be trussed or beamed.
b. 
Where exterior walls, or parts thereof, more than one (1) story high are sheathed, the boards shall be not less than three-fourths (¾) inch actual thickness. Sheathing boards shall be laid tight and properly nailed to each stud with not less than two (2) eightpenny nails. Where the sheathing is omitted or is not laid diagonally, all corners shall be diagonally braced and such other measures taken to secure rigidity as may be necessary.
c. 
Wooden sheathing may be omitted when other approved types of construction of adequate strength and stability are used. Approved structural fiber board not less than twenty-five thirty-seconds (25/32) inch thick; approved gypsum sheathing not less than one-half (½) inch thick and approved plywood not less than five-eighths (5/8) inch thick, when securely nailed to each stud in an approved manner, may be used in lieu of wooden sheathing.
d. 
Ledger or ribbon boards used to support joists shall be not less than one (1) by four (4) inches, shall be cut into studs and securely nailed with not less than two (2) tenpenny nails to each stud.
e. 
Sills shall be not less than four (4) inches secured to the foundation walls in an approved manner.
f. 
No part of the wooden framework shall be placed below the ground level.
g. 
On pitched roof construction, wall plates shall be of two (2) inch solid material. All roof rafters shall have at least four (4) inch bearing and be well spiked into the wall plate. Where ceiling joists do not act as continuous ties, collar beams shall be placed at least every four (4) feet, not more than midway between base and peak of the roof. Roof rafters spaced sixteen (16) inches on centers shall have collar beams at least every four (4) feet. Roof rafters spaced twenty-four (24) inches on centers shall have collar beams at each rafter. Hip roofs shall be supported at each end with kind posts. When roof rafters are not in alignment the ridge pole shall be of not less than two (2) inch thick material. Ridge poles abutting a chimney or flue shall have not less than six (6) inches of solid masonry between the ridge pole and the flue. Unsupported former rafters on each side of a dormer over four (4) feet in width shall be doubled.
5. 
Bearing partition construction.
a. 
All interior bearing walls, which do not extend through more than one (1) story, except fire walls, party walls and fire partitions, shall be considered as bearing partitions.
b. 
Bearing partitions of solid masonry shall be not less than eight (8) inches thick for an unsupported length not to exceed fifty (50) feet between cross walls for adequate buttresses, and for a height not to exceed fifteen (15) feet and shall be increased four (4) inches in thickness for each successive twenty-five (25) feet of their height or fraction thereof measured downward from the top of the wall.
c. 
Bearing partitions of hollow clay tile, concrete block or tile or hollow walls of approved masonry, shall be not less in thickness than one-eighteenth (1/18) of the height between floors or floor beams, but never less than eight (8) inches.
6. 
Concrete floor. Every floor resting directly on the ground except in accessory buildings such as private garages, etc. shall be constructed of Portland cement concrete, not less than four (4) inches thick or constructed in some other approved manner to guard against dampness from below such floor.
7. 
Waterproofing. In buildings hereafter erected, the outside surfaces of foundation walls below the adjacent ground level shall be covered with waterproofed Portland cement or otherwise rendered waterproof by some approved process.
[CC 1987 §505.330; Ord. No. 325 Art. 35, 8-31-1954]
Waste material and rubbish shall not be stored nor allowed to accumulate within the building or in the immediate vicinity, but shall be removed from the premises as rapidly as practicable. Combustible waste and rubbish shall be removed at least daily. No material shall be disposed of by burning on the premises or in the immediate vicinity. Dry material or rubbish shall be wetted down, if necessary, to lay dust or prevent being blown about.
[CC 1987 §505.340; Ord. No. 325 Art. 36, 8-31-1954]
All pits, excavations, fences, barriers, builder's equipment, building materials or rubbish in or upon a street shall have placed upon or by them, after dark, illuminated lamps with red globes, in such manner that there shall be one (1) light at each end, and at intermediate points as may be necessary to afford proper warning.
[CC 1987 §505.350; Ord. No. 325 Art. 37, 8-31-1954]
Before the foundation walls of a building or structure are completed, provision shall be made to prevent water accumulating in the excavation or cellar.
[CC 1987 §505.360; Ord. No. 325 Art. 38, 8-31-1954]
Until permanent provision is made, suitable and adequate temporary toilet facilities shall be provided during the erection, alteration or repair of a building.
[CC 1987 §505.370; Ord. No. 325 Art. 39, 8-31-1954]
In the demolition of buildings, other than buildings of frame construction, one (1) story at a time shall be completely removed. No wall, chimney, or other construction shall be allowed to fall in volume on a floor; bulky material such as beams and columns shall be lowered and not thrown.
[CC 1987 §505.380; Ord. No. 325 Art. 40, 8-31-1954]
Wooden studs covered both sides with expanded metal lath and three-quarters (¾) inch gypsum mortar or cement mortar or perforated gypsum lath not less than three-eights (3/8) inch thick and one-half (½) inch gypsum mortar or cement mortar shall be deemed to have the required fire resistance rating.
[CC 1987 §505.390; Ord. No. 325 Art. 41, 8-31-1954]
A. 
General. Firestopping shall be arranged to cut off all concealed draft openings and form an effectual horizontal fire barrier between stories, and between a top story and the roof space.
B. 
Furred Walls. In buildings of ordinary construction when the walls are furred, the furred space shall be firestopped at floor and ceiling with incombustible material.
C. 
Partition.
1. 
Interior stud partitions which are not provided with at least one (1) two (2) inch plate at top and bottom of same width as stud shall be otherwise properly firestopped at the top of the studs.
2. 
When sliding doors are pocketed in partitions, such pockets shall be completely firestopped at the top, bottom and ends.
D. 
Stairs. In building or ordinary construction, where the stair soffits are required to be plastered, the space between stair strings or carriages, when the stairs are of wood construction, shall be firestopped at intervals not exceeding eight (8) feet.
[CC 1987 §505.400; Ord. No. 325 Art. 42, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Materials.
1. 
Every roof hereafter placed on a building shall be covered with an approved roofing of brick, concrete, tile, slate, metal asbestos, or built-up roofing finished with asphalt, slag or gravel, or with other approved material.
2. 
Except where roofing is of a character permitting attachment direct to steel framework, it shall be applied to a substantial deck.
3. 
Roofings which are classified as Class A or B under the test specifications of Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., shall be accepted as meeting the requirements of this Section.
4. 
For buildings which are occupied as dwellings, for buildings which are of frame construction, or, for other buildings which do not exceed two (2) stories or thirty (30) feet in height, nor twenty-five hundred (2,500) square feet in area and are not occupied as mercantile establishments, factories or warehouses, roofings which are classified as Class C under the test specifications of Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., shall be accepted as meeting the requirements of this Section.
B. 
Repairs.
1. 
No roofing on an existing roof shall be renewed or repaired to a greater extent than one-tenth (1/10) of the roof surface, except in conformity with the requirement of this Section.
2. 
The placing of new roofing conforming to this Section over existing combustible roofing shall not be prohibited; provided the existing roofing is removed for a distance of four (4) inches along all edges of the roof and replaced by strips of weatherproof material over which the new roofing shall extend.
C. 
Gutters And Leaders. Gutters and leaders hereafter placed on buildings, other than dwellings, private garages or buildings of frame construction, shall have weather surfaces of incombustible material.
D. 
Scuttles. Unless provided with some other means of access to the roof, every building more than fifteen (15) feet in height, except dwellings with peak roofs, shall have in the roof a scuttle or trap door.
[CC 1987 §505.410; Ord. No. 325 Art. 43, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Construction.
1. 
Chimneys hereafter erected shall be of approved masonry or of reinforced concrete.
2. 
Such chimneys shall extend at least thirty (30) inches above the highest point at which they come in contact with a roof of the building and at least twenty-four (24) inches higher than any ridge within ten (10) feet of such chimney.
3. 
Every such chimney shall be properly capped with approved incombustible, weatherproof material.
4. 
Such chimneys shall be wholly supported on approved masonry or self-supporting fireproof construction.
5. 
No such chimney shall be corbeled from a wall more than six (6) inches, nor shall such chimney be corbeled from a wall less than twelve (12) inches in thickness unless it projects equally on each side of the wall.
6. 
No change in the size or shape of a chimney where the chimney passes through the roof shall be made within a distance of six (6) inches above or below the roof joists or rafters.
7. 
All chimneys which are or have become unsafe or dangerous shall be repaired and made safe, or taken down.
B. 
Flues Required.
1. 
Except electric heating appliances and as otherwise provided in this Section for gas appliances, every heating apparatus or heat-producing appliance referred to in this Section and the next following Section shall be connected with a flue, conforming to the provisions of this Section.
2. 
No flue shall have smoke pipe connections in more than one (1) story of a building, unless provision is made for effectively closing smoke pipe openings with devices made of incombustible materials whenever their use is discontinued temporarily, and completely closing them with masonry when discontinued permanently.
3. 
Nothing in this Chapter shall prohibit the joining of two (2) or more smoke pipes for a single flue connection; nor the venting of an automatic gas appliance to a flue serving appliances using the fuel; provided that in every case the smoke pipes and flues are of sufficient size to serve all the appliances thus connected; and provided that, except for outlet pipes for gas appliances, the several smoke pipes shall be constructed to comply with the severest requirements for any one of those connected. An automatic gas appliance within the meaning of this paragraph is one that is equipped with a safety pilot light, the extinguishment of which will automatically shut off the supply of gas.
C. 
Flue Linings.
1. 
Required flue linings shall be made of fire clay or other refractory clay to withstand, without softening, the temperatures to which they will be subjected, but not less than two thousand degrees Fahrenheit (2,000°F).
2. 
Flue linings shall start from a point not less than eight (8) inches below the intake, or, in the case of fireplaces, from the throat of the fireplace. They shall extend, as nearly vertically as possible, for the entire height of the chimney.
3. 
Cleanouts for flues or fireplaces shall be equipped with cast iron doors arranged to remain tightly closed when not necessarily open for cleaning.
4. 
Only cement mortar, or cement lime mortar, or fire clay mortar shall be used in setting flue linings.
5. 
When two (2) or more flues are contained in the same chimney, withes of brick or concrete not less than three and three-quarter (3¾) inches thick shall be provided at intervals not exceeding thirty (30) inches horizontally. Where flue linings are not separated by withes, the joints shall be staggered.
6. 
Any flue linings used as an intake connection from heating appliances shall be a starting flue lining with opening prepared by the lining manufacturer. Square flue linings shall be prepared with a proper sized round opening with a fire clay thimble set tight against same. Round flue lining shall be provided with a T branch connection. Intake connections shall be at least twelve (12) inches from any combustible materials.
D. 
Flues For Low Heat Appliances.
1. 
Smoke flues of stoves, cooking ranges, hot air, hot water and low pressure steam heating furnaces, and other low heat appliances other than gas appliances and incinerator, elsewhere provided for, hereafter constructed, shall be encased in approved masonry or reinforced concrete not less than four (4) inches thick; provided, that for stone masonry other than sawed or dressed stone in courses, properly bonded and tied with metal anchors, the thickness shall be not less than eight (8) inches.
2. 
Every such flue shall be lined with a flue lining conforming to the requirements of this Section.
E. 
Flues To Be Clean.
1. 
Upon the completion of a building or the alteration of existing flues, the flues shall be cleaned and left smooth on the inside.
2. 
The Building Commissioner may require a test to be made to assure this condition before permitting the use of a flue.
Note: No test shall be made before the mortar used in the construction of the flue has thoroughly set. The method of test is to build a smudge fire at the bottom of the flue and while the smoke is flowing freely from the flue, close it tightly at the top. Escape of smoke into other flues or through the chimney walls indicates openings that must be made tight before the flue is accepted. The test shall be made by the mason contractor in the presence of the Building Commissioner and a representative of the owner.
F. 
Fireplaces.
1. 
The back and sides of fireplaces hereafter erected shall be of approved masonry or reinforced concrete, lined with fire brick or other approved material.
2. 
Fireplaces, except when designed and used for approved gas appliances only, shall have hearths of brick, stone, tile or other approved incombustible material supported on self-supporting masonry. Such hearths shall extend at least eighteen (18) inches outside of the chimney breast and not less than eight (8) inches beyond each side of the fireplace opening along the chimney breast. The combined thickness of hearth and supporting masonry shall be not less than six (6) inches at any point.
3. 
Wooden forms used in the construction of that part of the supporting masonry which is below the hearth, shall be removed when the construction of the masonry is completed and before plastering on the underside.
4. 
No heater other than an electric heater or an approved gas appliance shall be placed in a fireplace which does not conform to the requirements of this Section and is not provided with a flue.
G. 
Vent Flues. Flues hereafter erected or used for venting appliances that give off grease or grease- laden fumes shall be constructed and used entirely independent of other flues.
H. 
Gas Heating Appliances. Nothing in this Chapter shall prohibit the use of approved portable gas or electric appliances when properly installed.
[CC 1987 §505.420; Ord. No. 325 Art. 44, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Connection With Flue. Except as otherwise provided in this Chapter, every smoke pipe shall connect with a smoke flue conforming to the provisions of this Chapter.
B. 
Restriction. No smoke pipe shall pass through a floor, nor through a roof unless such roof is of fireproof construction or semi-fireproof construction.
[CC 1987 §505.430; Ord. No. 325 Art. 45, 8-31-1954]
A. 
General.
1. 
Blower and exhaust systems hereafter installed as part of or attached to parts of a building shall be constructed and installed to conform to the requirements of this Section.
2. 
Blower and exhaust systems heretofore installed as part of or attached to parts of a building shall not be altered, extended or enlarged, except in conformity with the requirements of this Section.
3. 
In the case of an existing blower or exhaust system that does not conform to the requirements of this Section, the Building Commissioner may direct such changes in location or construction as may be necessary to remove or abate fire hazards due to such non-conformance.
B. 
Ducts.
1. 
Ducts of blower or exhaust systems shall be constructed of fire-resistive materials in a manner approved for the conditions and needs peculiar to a specific operation, process or industry. They shall be of ample strength and thickness to meet the conditions of the service for which they are used and the conditions under which they are installed.
2. 
Ducts shall be tight throughout and no openings shall be permitted except those necessary to perform the required functions of the system.
3. 
Ducts shall be thoroughly braced where required, and unless built within masonry work, shall be substantially supported by metal hangers, brackets or their equivalent.
4. 
There shall be a clearance of not less than one (1) inch on all sides between metal ducts and combustible material or construction; and all combustible material or construction within six (6) inches of such metal ducts shall be protected by incombustible material.
5. 
Ducts shall not pass through firewalls unless unavoidable. When ducts or the outlets from or inlets to same pass through firewalls they shall be provided with approved automatic fire doors and shutters on both sides of the wall.
6. 
No rooms, hallway, attic, void, hollow or concealed space, nor other part of a building shall be used as part of a blower or exhaust system unless it is an integral part thereof and used for no other purpose, and is constructed of or adequately protected by fire-resistive materials.
7. 
Ducts shall conform to such other requirements hereafter prescribed for specified systems.
[CC 1987 §505.440; Ord. No. 325 Art. 46, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Material. Warm air pipe, fittings and connections in warm air heating systems shall be made of bright tin not lighter than ten (10), or of galvanized iron, aluminum or stainless steel, provided that pipes twelve (12) inches or more in diameter shall not be made of material lighter than nine (9) tin or twenty-six (26) U.S. galvanized iron.
B. 
Protection.
1. 
Warm air pipes leading from the furnace to vertical or wall stacks shall not be placed nearer than one (1) inch to woodwork unless such woodwork is covered with asbestos paper and the paper covered with tin or iron.
2. 
Wall stacks or wall pipes shall be covered with not less than one (1) thickness of asbestos paper weighing not less than twelve (12) pounds per hundred (100) square feet. An air space of not less than five-sixteenths (5/16) of an inch shall be provided on all sides.
3. 
Such wall stacks or wall pipes, together with heads, boots, ells, tees, angles and other connections shall be made double, from the boot to the top of such stack and to the register head in each story. There shall be a continuous uniform air space of not less than five-sixteenths (5/16) of an inch between the outer and inner walls.
4. 
No warm air pipe shall be placed in a floor, partition or enclosure of combustible construction, unless it is at least six (6) feet distant in a horizontal direction from the furnace.
C. 
Construction.
1. 
In pipes leading from the furnace, all joints shall be either seamed or lapped not less than one and one-quarter (1¼) inches and such joints shall be match beaded, or beaded and soldered, or riveted. The side seams of such pipes shall be locked seams.
2. 
No wall pipes or fittings which depend wholly on soldered joints shall be used.
3. 
The various members of wall pipes shall be so made that all joints are locked or soldered and the several members shall be attached to each other with airtight slip joints.
4. 
All pipes leading from the surface and their fittings shall be properly and securely supported from ceiling or joists.
5. 
All vertical stacks or wall pipes must be secured firmly in place by lugs or straps attached to the outer wall of stacks and fittings. No nails shall be driven through stacks or pipes or fittings at any point. No lugs or straps shall be formed by cutting holes in outer wall of stacks, pipes or fittings.
D. 
Cold Air Ducts. The cold air ducts of heating systems within six (6) feet of their connection with the furnace shall be of metal or approved incombustible material.
[CC 1987 §505.450; Ord. No. 325 Art. 47, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Setting. Registers used in heating systems, placed in woodwork or in combustible floors, shall be surrounded with a border of incombustible material not less than two (2) inches wide, securely set in place or in some other approved manner.
B. 
Construction. Register boxes shall be made of sheet metal. They shall be double with not less than one (1) inch air space between the two (2), or, they may be single, covered with asbestos not less than one-eighth (1/8) inch thick, provided that any woodwork within two (2) inches is covered with tin.
C. 
Register Over Furnace. When a register box is placed in the floor over a furnace, the space on all sides between the casing and the register box shall be not less than four (4) inches.
D. 
Fixed Register Required. Every hot air furnace shall have at least one (1) register without valve or louvers.
[CC 1987 §505.460; Ord. No. 325 Art. 48, 8-31-1954]
A. 
Protection.
1. 
Where steam or hot water heating pipes pass through combustible floors, or partitions, or other combustible construction, there shall be an open space of not less than one (1) inch on all sides of the pipe, which shall be capped at the ends with incombustible material.
2. 
Such pipes passing through stock shelving shall be covered with not less than one (1) inch of approved insulation.
3. 
Wooden boxes of casings enclosing steam or hot water heating pipes, or wooden covers to recesses in walls in which such pipes are placed, shall be lined with metal.
B. 
Pipe Coverings. Coverings or insulation used on steam or hot water pipes shall be of incombustible material.
C. 
Passage Through Floors. Where such pipes or plumbing pipes pass through floors or partitions of fireproof construction or semi-fireproof construction, the openings around them shall be sealed tight with incombustible material to prevent the passage of fire.
[CC 1987 §505.470; Ord. No. 325 Art. 49, 8-31-1954]
A. 
No private garage shall be hereafter located within or attached to a building occupied for any other purpose, unless it is separated from such other occupancy, and the walls, partitions and floors enclosing it have a fire resistance rating of not less than one (1) hour.
B. 
Walls and partitions which effect such separation and all floors and ceilings shall be continuous and any door in such separation shall be covered on the garage side with metal or other incombustible material approved for protection against fire, or such doors may be flush panel wooden doors not less than one and three-eights (13/8) inches thick.
[CC 1987 §505.480; Ord. No. 325 Art. 50, 8-31-1954]
Gas piping for lighting or fuel purposes in buildings and structures shall be installed in conformity with the Uniform Plumbing Code of St. Louis County, Missouri.
[CC 1987 §505.490; Ord. No. 325 Art. 51, 8-31-1954]
A. 
General. Except as may be otherwise provided by law or ordinance, the plumbing and drainage system of a building or structure shall be installed in conformity with the Uniform Plumbing Code of St. Louis County, Missouri.
B. 
The Board shall appoint a competent Plumbing Inspector or may authorize the Department of Plumbing and Sewer of St. Louis County, Missouri, to act as Deputy Inspector, who shall inspect the installation, erection and alteration of all plumbing materials, fixtures and other apparatus connected with either the storm or sanitary sewerage. The owner, or his/her agent, shall notify the Plumbing Inspector or duly authorized Deputy Plumbing Inspector, when building is ready for such inspection. No person, firm or corporation shall cause to be concealed from view or cover or cause to be covered against ready access, any plumbing installation before such installation has been inspected and approved. Any material or installations ordered corrected or removed shall be done before any further work on building shall proceed. No approval shall be granted unless such plumbing installation has been made by a licensed and bonded plumber. Plumbing contractors shall be required to take out a permit for rough in for each job at the cost of five dollars ($5.00) and a permit for installation of fixtures at a cost of five dollars ($5.00).
C. 
Water Supply. Every building in which people live, work or congregate shall be provided with ample water supply installed and maintained in good repair.
D. 
Toilet Facilities. Except as otherwise prescribed by law or ordinance, in every existing building not already supplied and in every building hereafter erected, there shall be at least one (1) water closet properly connected with the drainage system.
E. 
Certificate. The certificate of occupancy required by this Chapter shall not be issued by the Building Commissioner until the plumbing and drainage of the building has been inspected, and a certificate showing a compliance with the provisions of this Section and the duly adopted rules has been issued by the official having jurisdiction.
[Ord. No. 18-5, 3-27-2018]
All windows or doors with glass on either the front, side or back which are visible from the exterior that have window treatments, such as drapes, curtains, venetian blinds, shutters, slats, etc., shall be neatly hung, in a presentable appearance, properly maintained and in a state of good repair or they shall be removed. Non-approved window treatments, including, but are not limited to, newspaper, foil, fabric, sheets, bedding and cardboard shall be prohibited.