All buildings, structures and other areas shall be equipped
with such plumbing fixtures as may be required by these rules and
regulations, in accordance with Table F-1,[1] and the regulations of the Pennsylvania Department of
Labor and Industry,, the Pennsylvania Department of Public Instruction
and the housing and health codes of the Borough and the commonwealth.
[1]
Editor's Note: Table F-1 is included as an attachment to this chapter.
All plumbing fixtures shall be made of materials with smooth,
impervious surfaces and shall conform in quality and design to one
of the following standards:
A.
Staple porcelain plumbing fixtures: NBS Commercial Standard CS4.
B.
Staple vitreous china plumbing fixtures: NBX Commercial Standard
CS20.
C.
Sanitary cast-iron enameled ware: NBX Commercial Standard CS77.
D.
Earthenware (vitreous glazed) plumbing fixtures: NBS Commercial Standard
CS111.
E.
Formed metal plumbing fixtures: FS WW-P-542.
F.
Hospital plumbing fixtures: Simplified Practice Recommendation R106.
G.
Plumbing fixture for land use. FS WW-P-541B or CS 222-59 and CS 221-59.
I.
Cultured marble plumbing fixtures: 3/4 inch thick.
J.
Venetian marble plumbing fixtures: 3/4 inch thick.
Sinks, lavatories and special fixtures may be made of soapstone,
lead, copper, copper-base alloy, nickel, nickel-copper alloy or corrosion-resisting
steel. No other material shall be used without the approval of the
Plumbing Inspector.
When any plumbing fixture is provided with an overflow, the
waste shall be arranged so that water standing in the fixture cannot
rise in the overflow when the stopper is closed or remain in the overflow
when the fixture is empty.
A.
All plumbing fixtures shall be installed so as to afford easy access
for cleaning.
B.
Fixtures shall be firmly and securely supported and fastened.
C.
Wall-hung fixtures shall be supported on approved metal hangers,
chairs or bolts.
D.
Fixtures attached to or supported by masonry shall not be fastened
to wood plugs.
E.
Floor-outlet fixtures shall be secured to the floor by screws or
bolts.
A.
Types of water closets. Water closet bowls shall be siphon-jet, reverse-trap, washdown or blowout type with floor outlet or wall outlet. Water closet bowls and traps shall be made in one piece and shall be provided with internal flushing rims so constructed as to flush the entire interior of the bowl. Water closet bowls for public use shall be of elongated type with open-front seat. "Public use" shall mean installations available to the public as prescribed in § 131-53E.
B.
Supports. Wall-hung closet supports shall be of metal, designed and
installed so that no strain is transmitted to the piping.
C.
Flushing. Water closet tanks shall have a flushing capacity sufficient
to properly flush the water closet bowls with which they are connected.
The flush valve seat in close-coupled integral water closet combinations
shall be one inch or more above the rim of the bowl so that the flush
valve will close even if the closet trapway is clogged.
D.
Float valves. Float valves for water closet tanks shall automatically
close tight and, in low water closet tanks, shall provide sufficient
refill to properly seal the trap in the bowl.
E.
Flush valves in water closet tanks. Flush valves for water closet tanks shall close tight and in low tanks shall have two-inch spud and pipe. Flush valves in high tanks may be of the gooseneck type and shall have one-and-one-fourth-inch spud and pipe. Flush valves in low water closet tanks shall be equipped with an overflow except when the tank is provided with an integral overflow. Overflows on flush valves and overflows on integral tanks and gooseneck-type flush valves shall be arranged and installed to conform to the provisions of §§ 131-69 and 131-71.
F.
Flushometers. Flushometers shall be installed in a manner to make them readily accessible for repairing. When a direct flush valve is operated, it shall complete its cycle of operation automatically, opening fully and closing positively under the service pressure. At each operation, the valve shall deliver water in sufficient volume and at a rate that will thoroughly flush the fixture and refill the fixture trap. Means shall be provided for regulating the flow in flush valves and they shall be arranged with vacuum breakers and installed to conform to the provisions of §§ 131-69 and 131-71. Not more than one fixture shall be served by a single flush valve.
G.
Frostproof closets. Frostproof closets shall be installed only in locations where the use of water closets conforming to Subsection A is impractical, and then only when approved by the Plumbing Inspector. Every frostproof closet shall be located in a compartment which opens only to the outdoors. The fixture shall be of a type approved by the Plumbing Inspector.
A.
Flushing rims and traps. Siphon-jet, blowout and pedestal urinals
shall have integral flushing rims and integral traps, except that
washout and stall urinals may have separate traps, and stall urinals
may be without flushing rim.
B.
Trough urinals. Trough urinals may be used only on such premises
as stadiums, parks or buildings of temporary or occasional occupancy.
They shall be provided with backs and made in one piece of cast iron,
enameled on the inside. They shall be not less than six inches deep.
The perforated washdown pipe shall be securely clamped as high as
practicable to the back of the urinal, and the perforations shall
be of such size and so arranged as to discharge an even curtain of
water against the back of the urinal. Trough urinals shall be either
arranged for continuous flow of flushing water with an overhead supply
or shall be equipped with automatic flush tanks having a flushing
capacity of not less than 1 1/2 gallons for each two feet of
urinal length.
C.
Automatic flush tanks. Automatic tanks shall discharge automatically
when the water in the tank reaches a predetermined height. Supply
to tanks shall be provided with means for adjusting the flow so that
a discharge at desired intervals, not exceeding 10 minutes, shall
be obtained during the hours when the urinals are in use. Automatic
tanks serving other than trough urinals shall have a flushing capacity
for each flush of not less than 1 1/2 gallons for each urinal
served.
D.
Flushing mechanism. Hand-operated flushing mechanisms in urinal flush
tanks shall consist of flush valves, operating levers and overflows.
Flush valves may be of the gooseneck type. A urinal flush tank with
hand-operated flushing mechanism shall not serve more than one urinal.
E.
Flushometers. Flushometers shall conform to the provisions of § 131-51F, except that no vacuum breaker is required. No direct flush valve shall serve more than one urinal.
F.
A chemical deodorizer, when installed on the water piping system
and connected to a urinal having a direct flush valve, shall have
a vacuum breaker installed in conjunction with such automatic, delayed-action
self-closing valves for flushing urinals and similar fixtures.
A.
In all buildings where water closet or urinal compartments are partitioned
off from a room used for other purposes, the partitions of such compartments
shall extend to the ceilings or the compartments shall have separate
ceilings, which partitions and separate ceilings shall be substantially
airtight. The outside wall shall include a window opening directly
to the outer air on the lot whereon the building is situated or on
the street or it shall be ventilated by an air shaft opening to the
outer air. Water closet compartments containing 250 cubic feet or
less shall have a window or air shaft or skylight with an area of
at least three square feet. Where there is more than one water closet
compartment opening into an air shaft, the shaft shall have an area
equal to three square feet for each water closet compartment. If the
room exceeds 250 cubic feet, the air shaft or window shall have an
area of one square foot additional for each 250 cubic feet or less.
Where mechanical ventilation is provided by means of a motor-driven
exhaust fan, the exhaust fan and the air duct or air shaft shall be
capable of changing the air of the entire room at least once every
10 minutes, or six air changes per hour. Mechanical exhaust ventilation
shall ventilate to the outer air as prescribed for window ventilation
by means of an approved pipe duct securely fastened to the exhaust
fan housing and so constructed to be reasonably odortight and to terminate
to the outer air.
B.
Interior partitions of two or more water closet compartments shall be dwarf partitions. Ventilation to the outer air shall be as prescribed in Subsection A. Where necessary to properly light such compartment, the upper part of the outside partition shall be made of glass.
C.
When a water closet is located in a cellar or basement of a dwelling, there shall be a water closet enclosure, with tight partitions extending up to the ceiling, and the compartment shall include a window having an opening to the outer air of not less than four square feet or mechanical ventilation as provided in Subsection A.
D.
Where water closets are located in cellars or basements of buildings not used as dwellings, there shall be a window having an opening to the outer air of not less than four square feet, where practicable, or mechanical ventilation as provided in Subsection A and the floors shall be of material impervious to moisture with a base of impervious material four feet in height around all the walls.
E.
In tenement houses where two or more water closets are in a group,
lodging houses, factories, workshops, public buildings, hospitals,
convalescent homes, nursing homes and all institutions of similar
character, and in all places where water closets and urinals are for
public use, the water closet bowls shall be of the elongated type
with open front seats, and the floor of the entire toilet room in
which water closets and urinals are located and sidewalls to a height
of at least four feet from the floor, except the door, shall be made
waterproof with asphalt, cement, tile, slate or other material impervious
to moisture.
In establishments having laundry equipment used on the premises
for public hire, the floors and the wall, when the washing machine
is placed directly against the wall, to a height of four feet shall
be made waterproof with asphalt, cement, tile, slate or other material
impervious to moisture. When washing machines are placed at a distance
greater than 36 inches from a wall, only the floors shall be made
waterproof with asphalt, cement, tile, slate or other material impervious
to moisture.
A.
Wastes may have open strainers or may be provided with stoppers.
B.
Lavatories for use in doctors', dentists' and similar offices,
where contact with human and animal anatomy is necessary, shall be
provided with foot-pedal, wrist-operated or knee-action control valves
for the water supply to the lavatory.
Except on concrete floors built on the ground or when factory-made receptors are used, shower floors shall be completely lined with a pan of Chloraloy 240 or four-pound sheet lead turned up six inches all around. Chloraloy 240 shall be connected to the drain by using a clamping ring. Lead shall be connected to the drain by using a clamping ring or by soldering. Metal receptors shall have the drain attached by means of a locknut and gasket, with the drain designed for inside caulking with the packing backed to permit proper caulking. Precast receptors shall be in one piece and shall have drain cast in receptor, with the drain designed for inside caulking with the packing backed to permit proper caulking. Precase receptors of more than one piece shall have a lead pan. All receptors shall conform to the requirements of FS WW-P-541b or CS222-59, except that inside caulking connections shall conform to § 131-17C.
Sinks shall be provided with waste outlets not smaller in size
than the traps with which they are connected. Waste outlets may have
open strainers and may be provided with stoppers.
Drinking fountains shall conform to Specifications for Drinking
Fountains, USAS Z4.2-42, and stream projectors shall be so assembled
as to provide the safe orifice elevation required by American Standard
Air Gaps in Plumbing Systems, USAS A40.4.
Floor drains shall be trapped and equipped with strainers and
shall have not less than three inches of diameter outlet. Floor drains
shall be deemed to be plumbing fixtures. A trough drain shall be considered
as a floor drain. The dimensions of a trough drain shall not exceed
12 inches in width and 12 feet in length. Trough drains in excess
of these dimensions shall be installed only when approved by the Plumbing
Inspector. Back-pressure valves shall be provided where required to
prevent backflow from Borough sewers.
The rear yard of each lot must be provided with a suitable area
drain for surface drainage, connected with the drainage system, and
no surface water shall be permitted to drain to a surface watercourse
by way of an alley or the highway, except in districts where adequate
sewers are not provided. The area drain, when installed in either
seeded or paved area, shall be placed in the rear of the building
and located in a manner to substantially permit grading of the lot
to effectively slope and drain toward the area drain in accordance
with the provisions of this section. If located in a seeded area,
a poured concrete slab, not less than four inches in depth and not
less than six inches on all sides of the area drain, shall be provided.
A.
Unsanitary water closets and facilities. The following shall not
be installed or maintained:
(2)
A water closet having an invisible trap seal, except for frostproof closets permitted under § 131-51G.
(3)
A water closet having an unventilated space.
(4)
A water closet with walls which are not thoroughly washed when the
contents are discharged.
(5)
A water closet so arranged that the contents of the bowl can be siphoned
back into the tank supplying the water for flushing or into the water
distributing pipe and water supply pipes.
B.
Floor gutter urinals. No floor-gutter-type urinal shall be installed.
C.
Wooden laundry trays and sinks. No wooden laundry tray or sink shall
be installed, except for special uses when approved by the Plumbing
Inspector.
A.
No plumbing fixture, soil pipe, waste pipe or vent pipe which has
been in use in a plumbing system in any building shall be removed
and reused in any other building unless it has been thoroughly cleaned
and disinfected, and inspected and approved by the Plumbing Inspector.
B.
Pipes and fittings that have been used for any other purpose shall
not be used for distributing water.
No fixture shall be installed which does not provide a sufficient
air gap or which may otherwise cause contamination of the water supply.
A.
Ample and sufficient chemical or water closet facilities shall be
provided at all construction operations for the convenience of workmen
and for the protection of the public health. The owners and contractors
for such operations shall see that no other places in or about such
operation shall be used for such purposes.
B.
If the water closet facilities provided shall be of a temporary character
or if chemical closet facilities are provided, then upon completion
of the work, such temporary facilities shall be removed and the site
cleaned.
C.
The following number of facilities applicable to the number of workmen
shall be provided as follows:
|
Water Closet Requirements
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Number of Persons
|
Number of Closets
| |
|
1 to 15
|
1
| |
|
15 to 30
|
2
| |
|
30 to 60
|
3
| |
|
60 to 100
|
4
| |
|
100 to 150
|
5
| |
D.
In unsewered areas, chemical toilets may be utilized or a privy may
be built. The responsibility of cleanliness and sanitation will be
imposed upon the general contractor. Upon the conclusion of the job,
such privy must be filled in and properly abandoned and the site cleaned.
E.
Chemical toilets may temporarily be employed until such time as the
building drain is installed and there is a concrete slab or permanent
flooring to accommodate a water closet. It is the responsibility of
the general contractor to assure that construction of the main drain
proceeds as rapidly as reasonably possible.
A.
Water supply. An approved filtration system equipped with backwash and chlorinator shall be installed in accordance with applicable regulations of the Borough Plumbing and Health Codes. The water piping to all swimming pools must be of a fixed and permanent supply with an approved air gap to prevent backflow in accordance with § 131-71, except for aboveground swimming pools. Aboveground swimming pools may be filled by using a water hose, provided that the hose bibb to which the water hose is connected is equipped with an approved nonremovable type backflow preventer. Materials for water distribution and supply pipe, tubing and fittings shall conform to § 131-74.
B.
Installation. Drainage piping shall be installed in conformity with the provisions of these rules and regulations governing direct and indirect sanitary drainage piping. In sewered areas, the drainage piping may discharge to either sanitary or stormwater drainage systems. In unsewered areas, the drainage piping shall be in accordance with Article XIV. In special cases, swimming pools may be drained or conducted to a point of disposal approved by the Plumbing Inspector. Fixtures and drainage piping shall be vented in accordance with Article XI.
