A.
Purpose. The purpose of this article is to ensure that all uses and
development within the Village are adequately served by off-street
parking and loading areas. The standards contained herein are designed
to provide proper circulation, reduce hazards to pedestrians, and
protect the users of adjacent properties from nuisances caused by
the noise, fumes, and glare of headlights which may result from the
operation of vehicles.
B.
Intent. This article is also intended to achieve the following objectives:
(1)
Reduce congestion on the street network in the Village;
(2)
Ensure there are adequate amounts of parking and loading facilities
to serve the use(s) and users of the property;
(3)
Encourage alternative parking designs and modes of transportation
to reduce dependence on single-occupancy vehicular trips and improve
efficiency during travel;
(4)
Provide safe traveling conditions for motorists, pedestrians, and
bicyclists; and
(5)
Ensure safe, well-planned multimodal access can be made to all commercial
and residential properties within the Village while minimizing potential
vehicular and pedestrian conflicts.
A.
The term "vehicle," as used in this section, shall include but not
be limited to automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, recreational vehicles,
campers and trailers, including recreational and boat trailers.
B.
Off-street parking and loading spaces shall be provided and kept
available as an accessory use to all permitted and specially permitted
uses of buildings, structures, and lots in amounts not less than those
specified in this section.
C.
Areas that may be considered as off-street parking space include
any private garage, carport or other area available for parking other
than a street, entrance and exit lanes, or driveway. No vehicle shall
be parked or stored in any required fire lane. A driveway may only
be used to meet the requirements of this article where it serves a
single- or two-family dwelling.
D.
Required parking spaces shall be available for the parking of operable
passenger automobiles of residents, customers, patrons and employees
only, and shall not be used for the storage of vehicles or materials
or for the parking of trucks or other commercial vehicles used in
conducting the business or use.
A.
The requirement for a single use (e.g., a one-family dwelling or a retail store) shall be determined directly from the table of off-street parking requirements in § 190-76E of this article, unless otherwise noted within this chapter.
B.
The requirements for a combination of uses made up of multiple permitted
or specially permitted uses (e.g. a restaurant and bar or a retail
store combined with an office building) shall be determined by establishing
the requirement for each individual use and adding them together,
unless otherwise provided for by this article or approved by the ZBA.
C.
If the use is not specifically listed in the schedule of such requirements,
the requirement shall be the same as for the most similar listed use
as determined by the CEO.
D.
When the required number of spaces result in a fraction, any fraction
of less than 1/2 (0.50) is rounded down to the next lower whole number,
and any fraction of 1/2 (0.50) or more is rounded up to the next higher
whole number.
A.
Bicycle parking shall be provided with all multifamily and nonresidential development of at least 10% of the vehicle parking requirements as outlined in the table of off-street parking requirements in Subsection E, but in no case shall be less than two bicycle spaces for any single use.
B.
The maximum number of parking spaces allowable for any use is not to exceed 125% of the requirement as outlined in the table of off-street parking requirements in Subsection E, unless otherwise approved by the ZBA.
C.
The ZBA may reduce the number of off-street parking spaces required
if the applicant can make permanent arrangements for shared parking
with other residential or nonresidential uses or can otherwise prove
that the parking standards are excessive for the particular use proposed.
D.
The ZBA may require off-street parking spaces in addition to those
required by this article if it is deemed necessary to protect the
health, safety, and general welfare of the public.
E.
Parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the following
table:
|
Off-Street Parking Requirements
|
|
Land Use
|
Minimum Space Requirement
|
|---|---|
|
Residential
| |
|
Single-family dwelling
|
2 per dwelling unit
|
|
Two-family dwelling
|
2 per dwelling unit
|
|
Multifamily dwelling
|
1.5 per dwelling unit
|
|
Accessory dwelling unit
|
1 in addition to single-family dwelling requirement
|
|
Upper-floor dwelling unit
|
1 per dwelling unit
|
|
Nursing home or adult care facility
|
0.50 per bed plus 0.50 per employee1
|
|
Bed-and-breakfast
|
1 per room
|
|
Home occupation
|
1 per employee not living on premises
|
|
Institutional
| |
|
School, elementary or intermediate
|
2 per classroom plus 1 per employee1
|
|
School, secondary
|
2 per classroom plus 1 per 10 students plus 1 per employee1
|
|
School, occupational or skill training
|
1 per 3 students plus 1 per employee1
|
|
Religious institution
|
1 per 3.5 seats
|
|
Museums or libraries
|
2 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Hospital
|
1 per bed plus 1 per employee1
|
|
Medical clinic
|
3 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Day care or nursery
|
1 per 6 persons (by capacity) plus 1 per employee 1
|
|
Commercial
| |
|
Retail store or shop
|
3 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Repair shop
|
2 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Grocery store
|
4 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Bar or tavern
|
4 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Hotel
|
1 per room plus 0.50 per employee 1
|
|
Funeral home
|
4 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Office
|
3 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Restaurant
|
4 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Vehicle sales
|
2 per employee1
|
|
Indoor recreation facility
|
2 per 1,000 square feet2
|
|
Manufacturing
| |
|
All uses
|
1 per employee1
|
|
NOTES:
| |
|
1
|
"Per employee" requirements shall be based on the number of
employees during the maximum shift.
|
|
2
|
As measured by the gross floor area of the proposed use.
|
A.
Whenever the normal operation of any development requires that goods,
merchandise, or equipment be routinely delivered to or shipped from
that development, a sufficient off-street loading area must be provided
in accordance with this section to accommodate the delivery or shipment
operations in order to avoid undue interference with the public use
of streets or alleys.
B.
Loading spaces shall have a minimum clearance height of 14 feet.
The related aisle shall have the same minimum clearance height.
C.
Loading spaces shall be provided in accordance with the table below.
|
Loading Space Requirements
|
|
Floor Area
(Square Feet)
|
Minimum Spaces
|
Minimum Size
(feet)
|
|---|---|---|
|
Less than 4,000
|
0
|
–
|
|
4,000 to 15,000
|
1
|
12 by 25
|
|
15,000 to 30,000
|
1
|
14 by 50
|
|
or 2
|
12 by 25
| |
|
30,000 or greater
|
1
|
14 by 50
|
|
and 1
|
12 by 25
| |
|
Each additional 15,000 or fraction thereof
|
1
|
12 by 25
|
D.
No parking or storage of a commercial vehicle shall be permitted
in any residential district except in such case that said vehicle
is used by the occupant of the premises and does not exceed three-fourths-ton
rated capacity. Such vehicle may only be parked or stored behind the
front building line of the principal structure.
A.
Off-street parking and loading spaces shall be provided only in the
side or rear lot areas. Front yard parking may be permitted in the
General Business District with ZBA approval.
B.
Off-street parking spaces in residential districts may be provided
in any yard space except front yard space. However, parking in front
yard space shall be allowed on a designated driveway for single- and
two-family dwellings.
C.
All off-street parking and loading spaces shall be on the same lot
as the use they are intended to serve unless otherwise specified in
this chapter. With Village Board approval, uses within 400 feet of
a municipal parking lot or designated on-street parking may be wholly
or partially exempt from the off-street parking requirements.
D.
Where parking areas are provided for a mix of uses that include residential
units, the parking spaces provided for such units should be clearly
marked and designated for the use of residents.
E.
Off-street parking spaces shall not be located within 10 feet of
a residential district.
F.
Loading spaces shall not be located within 50 feet of a residential
district.
G.
Parking and loading spaces may not be located within 10 feet of street
frontage.
A.
Joint off-street parking spaces by two or more buildings or uses
located on the same lot or adjacent lots is permitted, provided that
the total of such facilities shall not be less than the sum required
of the various buildings or uses computed separately. The land upon
which the joint parking spaces are located shall be owned or leased
by one or more of the collective users.
B.
Shared off-street parking spaces for two or more uses that are located
on the same lot or share a common property boundary and have different
peak parking demands or operating hours may be permitted, provided
that:
(1)
Parking is located within 400 feet of the buildings or uses it is
intended to serve.
(2)
The applicant demonstrates that the uses have different peak hour
parking demands or that the total parking demand at one time would
be adequately served by the total number of parking spaces proposed.
(3)
A shared parking agreement is executed documenting the joint use
and must be reflected in a deed, lease, contract, easement or other
appropriate legal document.
(4)
A maintenance agreement is executed documenting the responsibility
of each user in the maintenance and upkeep of said shared parking
facilities.
(5)
Shared access agreements are created by the initial developer and/or
owner of a site and are established in a continuum to adjoining properties
as a contingency of site plan approval.
Off-street parking and loading spaces required by this article
serving multifamily dwellings and nonresidential uses shall conform
to the following design requirements:
A.
All spaces shall be surfaced with asphalt bituminous, concrete, or
dustless material approved by the ZBA and shall be maintained in smooth
and well-graded condition. Such surface shall be permanent and capable
of being kept free of snow, dust, and dirt and must be permanently
marked. Pervious pavement materials are encouraged.
B.
All spaces shall be clearly marked with a minimum painted strip of
four inches in width.
C.
All spaces and their access driveways shall be graded so as to provide
for the proper mitigation of stormwater and runoff. Centerline gradients
of aisles shall not exceed 8%.
D.
All new or reconstructed off-street parking lots must conform to
Americans with Disabilities Act standards.
E.
All off-street parking areas that contain more than 10 spaces must
include:
H.
Parking space and aisle dimensions shall follow the requirements
of the table below.
|
Parking Space and Aisle Minimum Dimensions
|
|
Angle of Parking
|
Minimum Aisle Width
(feet)
|
Minimum Parking Space
(feet)
| ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Two-Way
|
One-Way
|
Width
|
Length
| |
|
90
|
24
|
22
|
9
|
18
|
|
60
|
22
|
18
|
9
|
18
|
|
45
|
20
|
13
|
8
|
18
|
|
Parallel parking
|
20
|
13
|
8
|
22
|
The following alternative arrangements may be utilized to satisfy
off-street parking requirements with ZBA approval:
A.
On-street and municipally owned parking. On-street and municipally
owned parking spaces may be used to satisfy up to 25% of the requirements
for off-street parking, provided such spaces are no more than 1,000
feet from the use.
B.
Parking demand analysis. The number of off-street parking spaces
required for any use may be adjusted with the completion of a parking
demand analysis by the applicant. When parking will be shared with
other functions, the parking demand analysis may be used to determine
the sharing factor. Such analysis shall include, at a minimum:
(1)
An estimate of the number of spaces needed to accommodate the proposed
use.
(2)
A summary and map of the proposed location and/or configuration of
spaces (on site, public lots, on street, etc.).
(3)
A market study and/or other supporting information and rationale
behind the requested number of parking spaces.
(4)
An analysis of existing parking conditions in the surrounding area,
to include a radius of at least 1,000 feet.
C.
Existing building exemption. No existing building within the Central
Business District shall be required to provide additional off-street
parking except when the amount of space devoted to any permitted use
is expanded. In such case, the required amount of additional off-street
parking required shall be based on the additional space devoted to
the permitted use only.
Access road development shall apply to all districts with adjoining
property boundaries where points of ingress or egress are separated
by a distance of less than 500 feet and shall conform to the following
standards:
A.
The Village Engineer or their designee shall review all access roads
and driveways to insure the safety and welfare of the public. The
Village may engage the services of other engineers, planners, or other
professionals to assist in such review, all costs at the expense of
the applicant.
B.
Shared access agreements will be required by the first developer
and/or owner of a site and shall be established in a continuum to
adjoining properties as a contingency of site plan approval.
C.
All direct access driveways to public highways shall be minimized
and meet or exceed the minimum spacing requirements, excluding single-family
residences, listed in the table below. Minimum driveway spacing is
to be measured from the closest edge of the driveway to the closest
edge of the nearest driveway.
|
Minimum Driveway Spacing
|
|
Speed Limit
(mph)
|
Minimum Spacing
(Feet)
|
|---|---|
|
35 or less
|
150
|
|
36 to 44
|
250
|
|
45 or greater
|
500
|
D.
All parking spaces, except those required for single- or two-family
dwellings, shall have access to a public street or alley in such a
manner that any vehicle leaving or entering the parking area from
or into a public street or alley shall be traveling in a forward motion.
E.
No driveway providing access to an off-street parking area shall
be located closer than 60 feet to the intersection of public streets.
F.
The minimum width of an access driveway shall be determined by the
table below.
|
Access Driveway Dimensions by Use
|
|
Use
|
Minimum Width
(Feet)
|
Maximum Width
(Feet)
|
|---|---|---|
|
Single-family
|
10
|
20
|
|
Multifamily
|
16 (combined drive)
|
20
|
|
All other uses
|
12 (one way)
20 (two way)
|
30
|
A.
The paving of new driveways or driveway expansions in any residential
district shall require the issuance of a driveway permit by the Village's
CEO, unless otherwise approved by the ZBA as part of the site plan
review process.
B.
Driveway permit applications shall be submitted to the CEO on forms
provided by the Village Clerk and shall be accompanied by the following:
(1)
A to-scale drawing of the parcel indicating the location and dimensions
of the proposed driveway;
(2)
A current survey map completed by a professional land surveyor depicting
the proposed location and dimensions of the driveway;
(3)
A stormwater management and drainage plan, unless the driveway or
driveway expansion is to consist of permeable paving materials; and
(4)
Any other materials deemed necessary by the CEO to conduct an adequate
review of the site and proposed driveway or driveway expansion.
C.
Driveway or driveway expansion applications must meet the following
minimum requirements to be considered for approval:
(1)
The driveway shall be at least one foot away from side and rear property
lines;
(2)
The driveway shall not cause the parcel's total lot coverage to exceed the maximum amount permitted as stated in Article IV, Residential Districts;
(3)
The driveway width must be in conformance with the table of access driveway dimensions by use in § 190-82F; and
(4)
The paving of said driveway shall not obscure or in any way alter
existing public sidewalks.
One commercial vehicle may be housed or parked on a residential
property, provided that such vehicle does not exceed a gross motor
vehicle weight of 10,000 pounds or 25 feet in length. Such commercial
vehicle shall be parked on a permitted driveway behind the front building
line or inside a garage building out of public view.
A.
Recreational or accessory vehicles may be stored and parked on residential
property in accordance with the following:
(1)
No more than two recreational or accessory vehicles or combination
thereof may be parked on a residential property at any one time.
(2)
Only one such vehicle may exceed 10 feet in height or 25 feet in
length.
(3)
The vehicle shall be owned by a full-time resident of the property
on which it is located.
(4)
The vehicle, if required to be registered and/or inspected in order
to be operated upon the roads or waterways of the state, was registered
and/or issued a valid inspection certificate within the past 12 months
or, if not required to be registered and/or inspected to be operated
upon the roads or waterways of the state, is in operable condition.
(5)
The vehicle shall be stored in an enclosed garage structure or parked
on a permitted driveway behind the front building line and maintain
a setback from property lines of five feet if less than six feet in
height and a setback of 10 feet if more than six feet in height.
(6)
The vehicle shall be screened from view, except from the street,
by a solid fence or evergreen hedge at least six feet in height.
B.
No mobile home, recreational vehicle or motor home shall be used
on any property for use as sleeping or living quarters or for any
other purpose in connection with such sleeping or living quarters,
except that visiting guests owning or operating such vehicles may
occupy them for a period of 21 days. The occupants of such vehicles
must be guests of the full-time residents of the property upon which
the vehicle is parked.
C.
Recreational vehicles shall not be connected to electricity, water, or other utilities unless they are being used pursuant to Subsection B above or being prepared for use or storage by the owner.
D.
No commercial vehicle having an overall length in excess of 18 feet,
nor any semitractor, semi-tractor-trailer, semitrailer, dump truck,
tow truck, bus, step van, freight van, flatbed or stake truck, or
construction vehicle or equipment of any length may be parked in any
residential district unless temporarily, in conjunction with a permitted
construction project, service, sales, or delivery to the property.
E.
This section shall not apply to temporary storage of a recreational
vehicle. For purposes of this section, "temporary storage" shall mean
the existence of a recreational vehicle, owned by a full-time resident
of the property, stored out-of-doors on the property, which does not
comply with this chapter for a period not to exceed 10 consecutive
days, under any of the following circumstances:
(1)
The recreational vehicle is en route to or from its permanent storage
location;
(2)
The recreational vehicle is being prepared for use or for storage;
or
(3)
The recreational vehicle is a motor home, camper trailer, or travel
trailer and is either being prepared prior to a trip or being unloaded,
cleaned or prepared for storage upon return from a trip.
