Orange Township, NJ Buildings, Security of

[HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of Orange 5-5-81 by Ord. No. 23-81. Amendments noted where applicable.]

§ 71-1 Statement of purpose.

The purpose of this chapter is to provide minimum standards of physical security for commercial establishments and multiple dwellings, as defined in this chapter, located within the jurisdictional boundaries of the City of Orange.

§ 71-2 Applicability.

The provisions of this chapter shall apply to commercial establishments and multiple-family dwellings in both old and new buildings or structures. Where requirements differ between old and new buildings or structures, a building or structure that undergoes additions, alterations or repairs within a one-year period that exceed fifty percent (50%) of its replacement cost shall be required to meet the requirements for new buildings or structures.

§ 71-3 Definitions and word usage.

Word usage. When not inconsistent with the context, words used in the present tense include the future, words in the plural number include the singular number, and words in the singular number include the plural number. The word "shall" is always mandatory and not merely directory.

Terms defined. For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:

ACCESSIBLE

Any access point within either eighteen (18) feet of the ground or the roof of an adjoining building or structure or within fourteen (14) feet from directly or diagonally opposite windows, fire escapes, ledges or roofs; or within three (3) feet of an access point, fire escape or ledge in or projecting from the same or an adjacent wall and leading to another building or structure. A roof is any surface of a building or structure which provides a horizontal supporting surface of six (6) feet or more in width. Diagonally opposite means that the angle measured from the horizontal planes of the access points or surfaces in question is not greater than forty-five degrees (45°).

ACCESS POINT

Any opening in the exterior of a building or structure which has a clear cross section of ninety-six (96) square inches or more and which has its smallest dimension in excess of six (6) inches, and includes but is not limited to doors and windows.

ACTIVATE

To make a locking device effective in preventing unauthorized entry through the door, window or other access point to which the locking device is attached.

APPROVED

As applied to a given material, mode of construction, piece of equipment or device, means approved as meeting the requirements of this chapter by the enforcing authority or its authorized agents or by any other officials designated by law to give approval on a particular matter dealt with by the provisions of this chapter.

COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENT

A building, or portion thereof, regularly occupied and used for the purpose other than dwelling, including but not limited to the carrying on of a business, a nonprofit activity, offices, professional and other services, schools, churches or the manufacturing, warehousing, storage, repair, assembly or shipping of goods or products; intended to be the same as those occupancy classifications defined as A to T in the Uniform Building Code.[1]

CONTROL DEVICE

A key or similar mechanical implement that is normally used by authorized persons to activate or deactivate a locking device.

ENFORCING AUTHORITY

The agency or person having the responsibility for enforcing the provisions of this chapter.

EXTERIOR

That portion of a building or structure which is accessible to the public when the commercial establishment housed therein is closed for business, and includes but is not limited to those portions of individual commercial establishments which are housed in a common building or structure and which are accessible to the public, e.g., as in a shopping center or mall.

LOCKING DEVICE

A mechanical implement or combination of mechanical implements attached to a door, window or other access point of a building or structure and designed to prevent unauthorized persons from entering the building or structure through that door, window or other access point when the locking device is activated.

MULTIPLE-FAMILY DWELLING

A residential building which contains five (5) or more individual dwelling units.

PERSON

Any person, firm, partnership, association, corporation, company or organization of any kind.

RATED BURGLARY-RESISTING GLAZING MATERIAL

Those materials, such as wire glass, tempered glass or polymeric materials, which meet Underwriters' Laboratories' tests as defined in UL Bulletin UL-972.

[1]

Editor's Note: See § 71-14B of this chapter.

§ 71-4 Compliance required; exemptions.

All existing and future buildings located within the boundaries of this jurisdiction shall, when unattended, be secured in the manner provided by this chapter. An establishment is unattended when not occupied by a watchman, maintenance personnel or other authorized persons during the hours that the establishment is closed to the public.

Further, all residential buildings, except one- to four-family dwellings, shall at all times be so secured as to provide the maximum possible security to the permanent and transient occupants, in accordance with the specifications provided in § 71-12 of this chapter.

Any building used for public assembly, as defined in the Building Code, as well as those buildings used for Group F occupancy[1] of the type requiring exit doors to be equipped with panic hardware locks, shall be exempt from the provisions thereof relating to exterior doors.

[1]

Editor's Note: As to the Building Code, see Ch. 74, Construction Codes, Uniform. For a definition of Group F, see § 71-14B of this chapter.

§ 71-5 Enforcing agency designated.

The Crime Prevention Unit of the Police Department under the supervision of the Crime Prevention Officer, who shall be appointed by the Chief of Police and staffed by personnel from the Fire Department, Police Department and Building Inspections and Code Enforcement Department, shall administer and enforce the provisions of this chapter.

§ 71-6 Building Security Council established; composition; powers and duties.

There is hereby created a Building Security Council consisting of the Chief of Police, Crime Prevention Officer, Fire Prevention Officer and Head of the Building Inspections and Code Enforcement Department. The Council shall have the responsibility for investigating the causes, origin and circumstances of successful and unsuccessful unlawful entries of structures covered by this chapter, for maintaining records of successful and unsuccessful unlawful entries of these structures and for monitoring the development of comprehensive security standards. The Council shall file a written report once a year with the City Council, setting forth its observations and making recommendations for the improvement of this chapter.

§ 71-7 Method of enforcement.

The enforcing authority shall cause the access points of all covered structures subject to the provisions of this chapter to be inspected as follows:

(1)

Old buildings and structures shall be inspected as often as possible to ensure compliance.

(2)

Buildings and structures in the process of construction or buildings and structures subject to the requirements for new buildings and structures pursuant to § 71-2 of this chapter shall be periodically inspected during the process of construction, additions, alterations or repairs and shall be inspected as often as possible to ensure compliance.

(3)

In addition to inspecting to determine if the mechanical requirements of this chapter have been met, the enforcing authority shall inspect to determine that the required mechanical devices have been properly installed and are properly functioning.

When an inspection reveals that the building or structure does not meet the requirements of this chapter, the following procedure shall be followed:

(1)

Written notice of the deficiencies discovered during the inspection shall be given to the person responsible for compliance or his designated agent.

(2)

Such notice shall set forth the amount of time, not greater than sixty (60) days, within which such deficiencies are to be corrected.

(3)

Upon correcting such deficiencies, the person responsible for compliance or his designated agent shall transmit to the enforcing authority notice that the deficiencies have been corrected.

(4)

The enforcing authority shall, within ten (10) days of the receipt of notice of correction, again inspect the building or structure and either approve the corrections or disapprove them. If the corrections are disapproved, these procedures shall be repeated, except that no more than twenty (20) days shall be allowed for compliance.

The enforcing authority or its designated agents have the right to enter any building or structure subject to the provisions of this chapter, during reasonable business hours, for the purpose of inspecting the premises to ascertain the degree of compliance with the provisions of this chapter. If, after oral notification and the presentation of evidence of identity and authority to the person responsible for compliance or his designated agent, the right to enter the building or structure is refused, the enforcing authority shall have the right to apply to a court of competent jurisdiction for a search warrant.

§ 71-8 Responsibility for compliance.

Responsibility for compliance with the provisions of this chapter shall be as follows:

Commercial establishments.

(1)

When the establishment does not share the use of access points with any other business, the person operating the commercial establishment or his designated agent shall be responsible for compliance.

(2)

When more than one (1) commercial establishment share the use of access points in the same building or structure, the owner of the building or structure or his designated agent shall be responsible for compliance.

Multiple-family dwellings. The owner of the building or structure or his designated agent shall be responsible for compliance.

§ 71-9 Alternate security measures.

The provisions of this chapter are not intended to prevent the use of other devices or methods of construction than those provided herein, provided that such other devices or mode of construction provide the same or greater degree of security than the minimum requirements of this chapter.

When the person responsible for compliance desires to use such other device or mode of construction, the burden of proving to the enforcing authority that the requirements of this chapter have been met or surpassed shall be on the person responsible for compliance.

Such other device or mode of construction may only be used upon approval of the enforcing authority. The enforcing authority may require the person responsible for compliance to submit the device or mode of construction to such tests as the enforcing authority deems necessary and proper to determine if it meets or surpasses the requirements of this chapter. Such tests shall be performed at the expense of the person responsible for compliance.

§ 71-10 Life-safety factors.

No portion of this chapter shall supersede any local, state or federal laws, regulations or codes dealing with the life-safety factors.

§ 71-11 Standards for commercial establishments.

Exterior doors shall comply with the following requirements:

(1)

Wood or metal doors with panels of rated burglary-resisting glazing material, wood doors of solid core construction at least one and three-fourths (1 3/4) inches thick, solid metal doors having at least equal strength to a wood door of solid core construction at least one and three-fourths (1 3/4) inches thick and any of these doors having panels of rated burglary-resisting glazing material adjacent to the door frame shall be secured as follows:

(a)

Single swinging doors shall be equipped with either a double cylinder dead-bolt lock that can be deactivated from either the inside or outside only by a key or similar control device or with a single cylinder dead-bolt lock that cannot be deactivated from the inside and that can be deactivated from the outside only by a key or similar control device.

(b)

Pairs of swinging doors shall be secured at the top and bottom of one (1) leaf with vertical bolts one-half (1/2) inch in diameter and secured at the center with the type of locking device required for single swinging doors in Subsection A(1)(a) above.

(c)

Swinging doors which do not permit a center lock, including but not limited to tempered glass doors, shall be secured at the top and bottom with locking devices meeting the requirements of Subsection A(1) (a) above.

(2)

Single swinging doors or pairs of doors constructed of tempered glass that is not burglary resistant may be retained in old buildings or structures. However, when such a door or doors are replaced for any reason in old buildings or structures, then the replacement door or doors shall be constructed of rated burglary-resisting glazing material. Such doors on new buildings or structures shall be constructed of rated burglary-resisting glazing material.

(3)

Garage doors.

(a)

Rolling, solid swinging, sliding or accordion garage-type doors, whether closing vertically or horizontally, shall, when not controlled or locked by electric power operation, be secured on the inside as follows:

[1]

Hand-operated doors shall be equipped with slide or vertical bolts at either the top or bottom of the door or both sides of the bottom of the door, depending on whether the door opens vertically or horizontally.

[2]

Chain-operated doors shall be equipped with a locking device for securing the chain.

[3]

Crank-operated doors shall be equipped with a locking device for securing the operating shaft.

(b)

In Subsection A(3)(a) above, if the door provides the only entrance to the building or structure, a locking device meeting the requirement of Subsection A(1)(a) may be used on the outside of the door.

(4)

Metal accordion-, grate- or grill-type doors shall be equipped with a metal guide track at the top and bottom and secured with either a single cylinder lock which can only be deactivated with a key or a similar control device or with a padlock. The door and frame shall be so constructed and installed that the door cannot be lifted from its tracks when the door is closed.

(5)

Wood doors not of solid core construction and wood doors of solid core construction but containing panels less than one and three-fourths (1 3/4) inches thick shall be covered on the inside with at least sixteen-gauge sheet steel or with a rated burglary-resisting glazing material attached with one-inch No. 8 screws placed six (6) inches apart on the perimeter of the plate.

(6)

Accessible sliding doors shall be secured as follows:

(a)

Single sliding doors shall have the movable section of the door sliding on the inside of the fixed section of the door and shall be so constructed and installed that the movable section of the door cannot be lifted from its track when the door is closed.

(b)

The movable section of single sliding doors shall be secured by vertical bolts at the top and bottom and with a center locking device as provided in Subsection A(1)(a) above. The bolt of the locking device shall engage the strike to the extent necessary to prevent its being disengaged by any possible movement of the doors within the clearances provided when the door is closed and the locking device is activated.

(c)

Double sliding doors shall be secured by vertical bolts at the top and bottom of each door and shall meet the requirements of Subsection A(6) (a) and (b) above.

(7)

Non-burglary-resisting panels of glazing material in a door, except as provided by Subsection A(2), or such panels adjacent to a door frame shall be secured as follows:

(a)

By replacing the existing panel with a panel of rated burglary-resisting glazing material;

(b)

By securely fastening vertical or horizontal steel bars of at least one-half (1/2) inch in diameter spaced not more than four (4) inches apart, the bars to be attached on the inside of the panel; or

(c)

By securely fastening an iron or steel grill of at least one-eighth-inch diameter material and not more than two-inch mesh on the inside of the panel.

(8)

The provisions of this subsection shall apply in addition to the security requirements set forth in the preceding subsections of this section:

(a)

Hinges or pivots on all doors opening outward shall be secured in such a manner that the hinge or pivot cannot be removed when the door is closed and its locking device is activated.

(b)

Where a locking device utilizes one (1) or more cylinders, the cylinder shall be constructed, attached or protected so that the cylinder cannot be gripped by wrenching devices or deactivated by pulling or driving devices.

(c)

All door jambs shall be so constructed or protected as to prevent violation of the function of the strike through such means as, but not limited to, spreading of the door frame.

(d)

The locking device shall be so constructed and installed that when the door is closed it cannot be made inactive through the removal of mounting screws or bolts.

(e)

The bolts of all locking devices shall be constructed of material capable of withstanding cutting by a commercially available hand-held hacksaw for five (5) minutes.

(f)

The bolts of all locking devices shall have a sufficient throw when the door is closed and the locking device is activated so that the bolt will embed itself in its receptacle a minimum of three-fourths (3/4) inch.

(g)

All locking devices shall have a minimum of six thousand (6,000) possible combinations.

(h)

Locking devices and parts of locking devices shall not be used if they bear any numbers or letters which, to a trained person, would reveal a combination from which a key or similar control device could be fashioned or selected which could be used to deactivate the locking device.

(i)

When a padlock-type locking device is used, it shall not be capable of being deactivated through rapping or other similar shocking techniques applied by a trained person; padlock hasps shall be constructed and installed so that they cannot be removed when the door is closed and the padlock is activated; padlocks shall have a minimum of a two-inch case and a seven-sixteenths-inch shackle made of case-hardened material that will resist cutting with a bolt cutter of up to fifteen (15) inches in length or a commercially available hand-held hacksaw for five (5) minutes.

(j)

All doors shall be illuminated with a minimum of five (5) footcandles of light at the level of the locking device when the building or structure is unattended.

Windows. All exterior windows meeting the definition of an access point shall be secured as follows.

(1)

Nonoperable windows shall be secured by:

(a)

Rated burglary-resisting glazing material;

(b)

Steel bars of at least one-half (1/2) inch in diameter spaced not more than four (4) inches apart and having dividers of at least one-fourth-inch flat steel bars spaced not more than eighteen (18) inches apart and securely fastened on the inside of the window; or

(c)

An iron or steel grill of at least one-eighth-inch diameter material of not more than two-inch mesh and securely fastened on the inside of the window.

(2)

Operable windows shall be secured as follows:

(a)

As in Subsection B(1) (a) above; or

(b)

As in Subsection B(1)(b), except that, if the window opens inward, the bars may be placed on the outside of the window; or

(c)

As in Subsection B(1)(c), except that if the window opens inward, the grill may be placed on the outside of the window; and

(d)

All operable windows shall be secured with a locking device capable of remaining effective when a force of three hundred (300) pounds is applied to it from any direction. Such a locking device shall be capable of being deactivated only by a key or similar control device and only from the interior of the building or structure.

(3)

Accessible jalousie windows shall not be used on new buildings or structures.

(4)

Hinges or pivots on windows opening outward shall be so constructed and installed that they cannot be removed when the window is closed.

NOTE: The requirements imposed by Subsections A and B above apply only to doors and windows defined as "exterior" in § 71-3B. Thusly, where doors or windows, or both, are protected by another door, for example a rolling or sliding grill-type door, which meets the requirements of this chapter, the protected doors or windows need not meet the requirements of the aforementioned Subsections A and B.

Roof openings.

(1)

Skylights shall be secured in the same manner as windows are required to be secured by Subsection B above, depending on whether they are operable or nonoperable.

(2)

Hatchways or roof doors shall be secured in the same manner as provided by Subsection A of this section, except that the locking device used shall consist of a slide bar or slide bolts.

Ladders. Any ladder, excluding fire escapes, located on the exterior of any establishment which could provide access to the roof, shall be protected from such access by a continuous piece of wood or metal covering the rungs. The wood or metal shall be locked with a padlock. The padlock shall have a minimum of five (5) pin tumblers and be of case-hardened steel. Hinges used on the covering shall be of a nonremovable pin-type. The wood or metal barrier shall be a minimum of eight (8) feet continuous covering of not less than one-half-inch thickness and located four (4) feet from ground level or secured in a manner approved by the enforcing authority.

Fencing and gates.

(1)

All existing and future fencing and gates shall be maintained in good and operable condition at all times.

(2)

When a padlock-type locking device is used, it shall not be capable of being deactivated through rapping or other similar shocking techniques applied by a trained person. Padlocks shall have a minimum of a two-inch case and a seven-sixteenths-inch shackle made of case-hardened steel.

(3)

Chains shall also be case-hardened and resist cutting with a bolt cutter of up to fifteen (15) inches in length or a commercially available hand-held hacksaw for five (5) minutes.

Accessible access points not covered by other provisions. All accessible access points not previously dealt with by the provisions of this chapter, including but not limited to air duct or vent openings, shall be secured as follows:

(1)

By securely fastening steel bars of at least one-half (1/2) inch in diameter and spaced not more than four (4) inches apart and having dividers of at least one-fourth-inch flat steel bars spaced not more than eighteen (18) inches apart, on the inside of the opening; or

(2)

By securely fastening an iron or steel grill of at least one-eighth-inch diameter material of not more than two-inch mesh on the inside of the opening.

Appurtenant access. A building located within eight (8) feet of utility poles or a similar structure which can be used to gain access to the building's roof, window or other opening shall have such access area barricaded or fenced with material which precludes human climbing.

Burglar alarm systems.

(1)

If the enforcing authority determines that the physical security requirements set forth in this chapter will not adequately secure the commercial establishment, he may require, in addition to such physical security requirements, the installation and maintenance of an Underwriters' Laboratories' certificated burglar alarm system covering all accessible access points or a combination of interior devices, including but not limited to photoelectric, ultrasonic, microwave, proximity and sound devices. The enforcing authority may require that the system used be a local alarm, local alarm with police connection, or a central station system. In making a determination of the necessity for an alarm system, the enforcing authority shall consider such factors as the history of unlawful entries against the particular establishment and the type of business and the nature and value of the inventory of the particular establishment.

(2)

The person responsible for compliance may request that the enforcing authority allow the mercantile establishment to substitute an Underwriters' Laboratories' certificated burglar alarm system or intrusion-detection device for the physical security devices required by this chapter. The enforcing authority shall grant this request subject to the requirements set forth in this section.

(3)

Nothing contained in this chapter shall prevent a commercial establishment from voluntarily installing and maintaining burglar alarm systems or intrusion-detection devices, provided that the requirements of this chapter are otherwise complied with.

(4)

Establishments having a specific type of inventory should be protected by the following type of alarm service:

(a)

Silent alarm, central station, supervised service.

[1]

Jewelry stores, manufacturing, wholesale and retail.

[2]

Guns and ammunition shops.

Wholesale liquors.

Wholesale drugs.

Wholesale tobacco.

Fur stores.

Silent alarm.

Liquor stores.

Pawn shops.

Electronic equipment including instrument stores.

[4]

Wig stores.

[5]

Clothing stores (new).

[6]

Coins and stamps.

[7]

Industrial tool supply houses.

[8]

Camera stores.

[9]

Precious metal storage facilities.

[10]

Drugstores.

(c)

Local alarm (bell outside premises).

[1]

Antique dealers.

[2]

Art galleries.

[3]

Service stations.

Appeal from intrusion-detection device.

(1)

Within ten (10) days after the receipt of a written notice from the Chief of Police or his authorized representative requiring the installation and maintenance of photoelectric, ultrasonic or other intrusion-detection device, the person responsible for compliance therewith may appeal in writing to the Director of the Police Department. In filing such notice of appeal, the appellant shall set forth the specific grounds wherein it is claimed there was an error or abuse of discretion by the Chief of Police or his authorized representative or wherein the issuance of the written notice was not supported by proper evidence.

(2)

Upon receipt of such appeal, the Director of the Police Department shall set the matter for hearing and cause notice thereof to be given to the appellant and to the Chief of Police or his authorized representative not less than five (5) days prior to the date set for the hearing. At such hearing, the appellant shall show cause on the grounds specified in the notice of appeals why the action excepted to should not be affirmed.

Lighting, address identification and parking.

(1)

Every portion of the exterior of each commercial building and every portion of each related parking lot shall be illuminated with an average maintained intensity of at least one and zero-tenths (1.0) footcandle power. The address number of each building shall be illuminated so that it shall be easily visible from the street. The numerals in these numbers shall be no less than four (4) inches tall. In addition, any business which affords vehicular access to the rear through any driveway, alleyway or parking lot shall also display the same illuminated number on the rear of the building.

(2)

All exterior commercial doors shall be illuminated with a minimum of five (5) footcandles of light at the level of the locking device (within a three-foot horizontal radius of the locking device). All exterior bulbs shall be protected by a polycarbonate or other weather- and vandalism-resistant globe or cover. Such light(s) shall not be switched except by a timer(s) or a light-sensing device(s).

(3)

Open parking lots and access thereto providing more than ten (10) parking spaces and for use by the general public shall be provided with an average maintained minimum of two (2) footcandles of light on the parking or walking surface from dusk until at least the termination of business each operating day.

(4)

Parking and other nonenclosed areas under or within the building at grade shall be provided with an average maintained minimum of two (2) footcandles of light on the parking or walking surface from dusk until at least the termination of business each operating day.

Special security measures.

(1)

Safes.

(a)

Commercial establishments commonly having one thousand dollars ($1,000) or more in cash on the premises after closing shall lock money in at least a Class E or higher rated Underwriters' Laboratories' burglar-resistant safe after closing hours.

(b)

Each safe that is installed in a commercial or industrial building shall be placed where it is clearly visible from the street, whenever possible, and shall be securely fastened to the floor if the net weight is less than seven hundred fifty (750) pounds or when the safe rests upon wheels or dollies. Each such safe shall be illuminated with an intensity of at least three (3) footcandles power at the portions thereof which are visible from the outside of the building.

(2)

Office buildings. All entrance doors to individual office suites shall have a dead-bolt lock with a minimum one-inch throw bolt which can be opened from the inside with a key or thumb turn. The bolt must contain hardened material.

(3)

Elevators.

(a)

Passenger elevators, the interiors of which are not completely visible when the doors are open, shall have mirrors so placed as to make visible the whole of the elevator interior to prospective passengers outside the elevator. Mirrors shall be framed and mounted to minimize the possibility of their accidentally falling or shattering.

(b)

An elevator emergency stop button shall be installed and connected as to activate the elevator alarm.

§ 71-12 Standards for multiple-family dwellings.

Doors.

(1)

Exterior entrance doors.

(a)

All exterior entrance doors shall be equipped with heavy-duty self-locking deadlatches with a minimum one-half-inch throw (or panic hardware where panic hardware is required) and automatic door closers, allowing egress to the exterior of the building or into the garage or service areas or stairwells, but requiring a key to be used to gain access to the interior of the building from the outside or garage area or into the hallway from the stairwells.

(b)

Entrance doors constructed with nonresistant glazing material may be retained in existing structures. However, if the glass is replaced in such door for any reason, the glazing material shall meet Underwriter's Laboratories approval. Further, if the door is replaced for any reason, it shall be constructed with rated burglary-resistant glazing material or contain no more than three hundred (300) square inches of glass area. Other building entrance doors, such as to basements or garages, shall be equipped with heavy-duty self-locking deadlatches with a minimum of one-half-inch throws.

[Amended 5-18-82 by Ord. No. 16-82; 9-1-87 by Ord. No. 32-87]

(c)

All exit doors shall be openable from the interior without the use of keys.

(d)

Doors requiring panic hardware shall be designed so that no tools can be inserted past the door to activate the panic hardware.

(e)

Doors to storage, maintenance and building service rooms shall be capable of self-closing and self-locking.

(2)

Entrance doors to individual units.

(a)

Construction.

[1]

All doors to individual units shall be either solid core wood or stave or solid wood flake doors and shall be a minimum of one and three-fourths (1 3/4) inches thick.

[2]

Hollow metal doors can also be used, but shall be a minimum of sixteen-gauge sheet steel. The jamb for a metal door shall be a minimum of fourteen-gauge sheet steel.

[3]

Hollow-core doors now in existence shall either be replaced with solid wood or wood flake doors or hollow metal doors. In lieu of complete replacement, doors may be reinforced with sixteen-gauge sheet steel or one-fourth-inch thick plywood mounted on the interior side of the door and secured with wood screws placed six (6) inches apart around the perimeter.

[4]

Stile- and rail-type doors with or without glazing may be secured in the same fashion as previously mentioned, except that those with glazing shall have either a metal security screen or rated burglary-resistant glazing material affixed to the inside perimeter.

(b)

Swinging entrance doors to individual units shall not be master-keyed to exterior doors (i.e., garage, stairwell, lobby, etc., located elsewhere on the premises), but shall have dead bolts with one-inch minimum throw and hardened steel inserts, in addition to deadlatches with one-half-inch minimum throw. All new construction of multiple dwellings after the effective date of this chapter with five (5) or more units shall be so constructed that both dead bolt and deadlatch can be retracted by a single action of the inside door knob. Cylinders shall be equipped with cylinder guards as previously defined.

(c)

An interviewer or peephole shall be provided in each individual unit entrance door.

(d)

Doors swinging out shall have nonremovable hinge pins.

(e)

In-swing exterior doors shall have rabbeted jambs.

(f)

Jambs for all doors shall be so constructed or protected so as to prevent violation of the function of the strike.

(g)

In hotels and other multi-unit buildings having transient occupancies, every entrance door to an individual unit shall also be provided with a chain door guard or barrel bolt on the inside.

(h)

Strike plates shall be of heavy-duty construction and secured to wood door jambs by a minimum of four (4) screws at least two (2) inches in length.

(3)

Sliding patio-type doors.

(a)

Sliding patio-type doors opening onto patios or balconies which are less than one (1) story above grade or are otherwise accessible from the outside.

[1]

All single sliding patio doors shall have the movable section of the door slide on the inside of the fixed portion of the door.

[2]

Sliding patio doors shall be installed so as to prevent the lifting and removal of either glass door from the frame from the exterior of the building.

(b)

A fixed panel glass door (nonsliding) shall be installed so that the securing hardware cannot be removed or circumvented from the exterior of the building. Each sliding panel shall have a secondary locking or securing device in addition to the original lock built into the panel. The secondary device shall consist of:

[1]

A charley-bar-type device.

[2]

A track lock of approved type.

[3]

Inside removable pins or locks securing the panel to the frame.

(c)

All glazing material used in exterior sliding glass doors and fixed glass panels shall be Underwriters' Laboratories rated burglar-resistant laminated safety glass or plastic sheeting.

Windows.

(1)

Double-hung windows.

(a)

All operable exterior windows shall be equipped with sash locks designed to be operable from the inside only. All operable windows accessible from the ground shall be equipped with a device which will limit the movement of the sash in six-inch increments.

(b)

All operable windows shall be so constructed that when the window is locked it cannot be lifted from the frame.

(c)

All window latches must be key-locked or manual (non-spring-loaded or flip-type) window latches. When a non-key-locked latch is used, a secondary securing device may consist of:

[1]

Each window drilled with one-fourth-inch holes at two (2) intersecting points of inner and outer windows and a ten-penny nail inserted in the one-fourth-inch holes. Nails should be long enough to provide minimum grasp from inside the window.

[2]

A metal sash security hardware device of an approved type may be installed in lieu of pinning.

(2)

Sliding windows. All sliding windows shall be designed so that they cannot be lifted from their track when they are closed. Sliding windows shall be secured as previously mentioned for sliding doors.

(3)

Casement windows. Casement windows shall be secured on the inside with a locking device capable of withstanding a force of three hundred (300) pounds applied in any direction.

(4)

Louvered windows.

(a)

Special louvered windows, except those above the first story in residential occupancies which cannot be reached without a ladder, shall be protected with metal bars, security screens or grilles, and individual panes shall be securely fastened by mechanical fasteners requiring a tool for removal and not accessible from the outside when the window is in the closed position or may be protected by intrusion-detection devices.

(b)

In all new construction, effective the date of this chapter, louvered windows shall not be used within eight (8) feet of ground level, adjacent structures or fire escapes.

(5)

Basement windows. Basement windows shall be secured as defined in § 71-11B of this chapter.

Garage doors.

(1)

A solid overhead door, a swinging door, a sliding door or a vertical- or horizontal-action accordion door shall be secured with a cylinder lock, padlock and/or metal slide bar, bolt or crossbar on the inside when not otherwise controlled or locked by electric power equipment. If a padlock is used, it shall have a minimum seven-sixteenths-inch hardened steel shackle, with minimum five-pin tumbler operation with nonremovable key when in an unlocked position, provided that such padlock shall have all keying numbers obliterated when locked on the outside and that the padlock hasp shall be of hardened steel and installed so that the hasp's screws are concealed when in the locked position.

(2)

It shall be unlawful to furnish overhead garage doors with bottom vents effective on all new residential construction. Where installed, vents exceeding eight (8) inches in least dimension and closer than forty (40) inches to the inside locking device shall be protected with security screening.

Roof openings. Hatchways or roof doors shall be secured in the same manner as provided by § 71-11A, except that the locking device used shall consist of a slide bar or slide bolts.

Lighting, address identification and parking.

(1)

All exterior doors shall be provided with five (5) footcandles of artificial light at the level of the cylinder, lock or keyway. Bulbs or tubes of lighting devices shall be protected with a vaporproof cover and metallic screen or grid or high impact plastic diffuser to prevent a direct attack on the bulb.

(2)

The addresses of each dwelling unit shall be illuminated so as to be easily visible from the street. The numerals in these numbers shall be no less than four (4) inches tall.

(3)

Garden apartments and townhouses which do not directly face the street shall display an illuminated diagrammatic representation of the complex which lists the unit addresses thereof. This diagrammatic display board shall be positioned where responding emergency units can easily read it from the street.

(4)

Parking facilities, aisles, passageways and recesses related to and within the building complex shall be illuminated with an average maintained intensity of at least one and zero-tenths (1.0) footcandle power at the ground or floor level. Lighting devices shall be protected by a weather- and vandalism-resistant globe or cover.

[Amended 9-1-87 by Ord. No. 32-87]

(5)

Open parking lots (including lots having carports) providing more than ten (10) parking spaces shall be provided with an average maintained minimum of two (2) footcandles of light on the parking surface during hours of darkness.

Elevators. Elevators shall be secured in the same manner as previously described in § 71-11K(3) of this chapter.

Fencing and gates.

(1)

All existing and future fencing and gates shall be maintained in good and operable conditions at all times.

(2)

When a padlock-type locking device is used, it shall not be capable of being deactivated through rapping or other similar shocking techniques applied by a trained person. Padlocks shall have a minimum of a two-inch case and seven-sixteenths-inch shackle made of case-hardened steel.

(3)

Chains shall also be case-hardened and resist cutting with a bolt cutter of up to fifteen (15) inches in length or a commercially available hand-held hacksaw for five (5) minutes.

Landscaping.

(1)

All existing and future shrubbery, bushes or trees shall be trimmed, cut or removed from any exterior doorway where a clear view leading into or outside the building is obstructed and could effectively provide a means of concealment to commit a crime.

(2)

Shrubbery, bushes or trees shall also be cut, trimmed or removed from ground-level windows unless such windows are protected by bars or security screening removable from within the dwelling unit or secured with a rated burglary-resistant glazing material.

Buzzers, bells and intercoms.

(1)

All multiple-dwelling units having a common exterior door leading to five (5) or more individual units, and at least three (3) or more stories above grade, shall be maintained with an electrical control system operable from each dwelling unit and capable of releasing the front exterior door latch. A two-way intercom system allowing the occupant to identify the caller shall also be installed.

[Amended 5-19-87 by Ord No. 23-87]

(2)

All bells, buzzers and intercoms shall be accessible to the public without gaining access to the interior of the building and the individual dwelling unit.

(3)

All bells, buzzers and intercoms shall be maintained in good and operable condition at all times.

Federal Crime Insurance Program.

(1)

Every owner of a multiple-dwelling unit over five (5) units shall make available to the tenants, within thirty (30) days of enactment of this chapter, information regarding federal crime insurance available through the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1970.

(2)

For copies of information, the Federal Crime Insurance Program may be contacted at P.O. Box 6301, Rockville, Maryland 20850, 1/800/638-8780.

[Amended 9-1-87 by Ord. No. 32-87]

§ 71-12.1 Fence materials; prohibitions.

[Added 4-1-2003 by Ord. No. 8-2003; amended 1-19-2021 by Ord. No. 63-2020]

No fence around any residential or commercial property shall be erected of barbed wire, razor wire-topped with metal spikes, or in any manner which may be dangerous to persons or animals. This provision shall apply to any buildings included in industrial districts.

Barbed wire, razor wire-topped with metal spikes, or in any manner which may be dangerous to persons or animals shall be removed from all residential or commercial property immediately upon passage of this ordinance. Barbed wire is not permitted on any residential or commercial property in the City of Orange Township.

The fine for a violation of the above provision shall be set at not less than $200 nor more than $1,000.

§ 71-13 Violations and penalties.

Any person convicted of violating any section or subsection of this chapter shall be subject to a minimum fine of one hundred dollars ($100) or a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000) or imprisonment for a term not exceeding ninety (90) days or a period of community service not exceeding ninety (90) days. Any person convicted of violating any provision under this chapter may, in the discretion of the court by which he was convicted and in default of payment of any fine imposed therefor, be imprisoned for a term not exceeding ninety (90) days or required to perform community service for a period not exceeding ninety (90) days.

[Amended 5-18-1982 by Ord No. 16-82; 12-18-1990 by Ord. No. 35-90]

Each and every day that such violation continues after notification that such violation exists shall constitute a separate offense. Such notice shall be written by the enforcing authority and shall be served by mail or by personal service.

§ 71-14 Glossary of terms; use group classifications.

[Amended 5-18-82 by Ord. No. l6-82]

Terms defined. For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:

ATTACKS

Physical methods used by burglars in gaining or attempting to gain illegal entry. The attacks are: ramming, kicking, pushing and pulling, lifting, loiding, breaking, prying, spreading, smashing, picking, wrenching, popping, pulling, removing and inside unlocking.

BOLT

A metal bar which, when actuated, is either projected (or thrown) horizontally or vertically into a solid mass to prevent a door, window or other object from moving or opening.

BOLT PROJECTION

That distance from the edge of the door to the furthest point on the bolt in the projected position.

BURGLAR-RESISTANT MATERIAL

Framed glass or glass-like materials that will withstand the impact of a five-pound steel ball dropped from a height of forty (40) feet and five (5) impacts from a height of ten (10) feet without release from its frame.

BURGLARY RESISTANCE

The characteristic of a building or building component to withstand forcible attack applied for the purpose of accomplishing successful entry. "Burglary resistance" may be described in terms of time, energy, force or a combination of these variables.

BURGLARY-RESISTANT GLAZING

Glazing material capable of withstanding five (5) fifty-foot-pound impacts, as produced by dropping a three-and-one-fourth-inch diameter hardened smooth steel ball, weighing five (5) pounds, through a vertical distance of ten (10) feet; alternatively defined as "burglar-resistant material" hereinbefore.

CENTRAL STATION AUDIBLE ALARM

Upon entry, an alarm is signaled to a central location, and an outside bell, siren or horn rings.

CENTRAL STATION SILENT ALARM

Same as above, except that there is no outside bell, siren or horn.

COMBINATION DEADLATCH AND DEADLOCK

A device combining a deadlatch operable by knobs from inside and outside with a deadlock operable from inside by a thumb turn or key and from outside by a key, both of which can be retracted from inside by turning the knob and from outside by a key.

CYLINDER

The cylinder of a lock is the cylindrical subassembly containing the tubular mechanism and the keyway actuated by the correct key(s) or knob, not to be confused with a "cylinder lock," which is a misused term to describe a key-in-knob lock. A double cylinder lock is one which has a key-actuated cylinder on both sides of the lock.

CYLINDER GUARD

A hardened steel ring or plate surrounding the otherwise exposed portion of a cylinder lock to prevent cutting, drilling, prying, pulling or wrenching with common tools.

DEAD BOLT

A lock which does not have a spring action as opposed to a latch bolt, which does. The bolt must be actuated by a key and/or an interior knob and becomes locked against return by end pressure when projected.

DEADLATCH

A latch which is positively held in latched position with a strike by an added, integral bolt-type mechanism and is again released by a key from the outside and a knob or similar actuator from the inside.

DEADLOCK

A locking device with a bolt, not spring-loaded, which engages and disengages a strike by the use of a key from the outside and/or inside.

DEADLOCK, DOUBLE CYLINDER (or DOUBLE DEAD BOLT)

A deadlock that can be activated only by a key from the inside and the outside.

DEADLOCKING LATCH

A latch equipped with a locking device which, when in a closed position, causes the latch to resist being retracted by pressure applied to it (also called a spring bolt with anti-shim device), alternatively defined as follows:

(1)

A latch in which the latch bolt is positively held in the protected position by a guard bolt, plunger, or auxiliary mechanism.

(2)

A lock bolt with a beveled end which is spring-actuated, but can be automatically or manually locked against return by end pressure when projected.

DEADLOCK, SINGLE CYLINDER (or SINGLE DEAD BOLT)

A deadlock that is activated from the outside by a key and from the inside by a knob, thumbturn, lever or similar mechanism.

DOOR

A movable frame of wood or other material on hinges giving ingress to or egress from a room, building or other enclosure.

DOOR ASSEMBLY

That unit composed of a group of parts or components which make up a closure for a passageway through a wall. The "door assembly" for this standard is made up of the following parts: the door; hinges; locking device or devices; operation contacts (such as handles, knobs, push plates); miscellaneous hardware and closures; the frame, including the head and jambs plus the anchorage device to the surrounding wall; and a portion of the surrounding wall extending thirty-six (36) inches from each side of the jambs and sixteen (16) inches above the head.

DOOR, DOUBLE

A pair of doors enclosing a single opening.

DOOR, DUTCH

A single door divided into upper and lower sections operating independently of one another or acting together as a single door.

DOOR, METAL

A door constructed of sixteen-gauge steel or its equivalent in strength.

DOOR, OVERHEAD

Any door which when opened is stored overhead.

DOOR, RAIL

A glass panel door which has a metal rail at the top and bottom for support and nothing on the side edges.

DOOR; SCOPE (peephole, viewer, observation port)

A system of lenses encased for convenient installation on the interior of entrance doors permitting an inside viewer to observe a one-hundred-eighty-degree area of the outside, with the door closed.

DOOR, SLIDING

Any door that slides open sideways.

DOOR, SOLID CORE

Composed of solid wood or composed of compressed wood equal in strength to solid wood construction, alternatively defined as any door constructed out of block wood strips with the grain running in different directions or any filled core door of equivalent strength.

DOOR STOPS

That projection along the top and sides of a door jamb which checks the door's swinging motion.

DWELLING

A building, or portion thereof, designed exclusively for residential occupancy, including single-family and multiple-family dwellings.

DWELLING, MULTIPLE-FAMILY

A building, or portion thereof, designed for occupancy by five (5) or more families living independently of each other, including hotels, motels or apartments.

FLUSH BOLT

A deadlock normally used on inactive door(s) that is attached to the top and bottom and/or side of the door and engages in the frame and/or base of the door.

HARDENED STEEL

Heat-tempered steel. The steel is heated to a predetermined temperature and then quenched in oil or water for rapid cooling.

HATCHWAY

An opening in the roof of a building.

HINGE

The material used to attach the door or other movable leaf to the frame opening.

INTERIOR PROTECTION

Photoelectric beams, ultrasonic units, floor mats or pressure pads protecting inside doors or certain areas.

JAMB

The vertical members of a door frame, e.g., those fixed members to which the door is secured.

JAMB/STRIKE

That component of a door assembly which receives and holds secure the extended lock bolt; both the strike and jamb, used together, are considered as a unit.

JAMB/WALL

That component of a door assembly to which a door is attached and secured; both the wall and jamb, used together, are considered as a unit.

KEY

A material or device providing means for operating a mechanical lock.

KEY-IN-KNOB

A lockset having the key cylinder and the lock mechanism contained in the knob handle.

LATCH

A spring-loaded device which automatically holds a swinging door shut upon closing by engaging a strike and which is again released by turning a knob, lever or similar actuator from inside or outside.

LOCK OR LOCKSET

A device for fastening, joining or engaging two (2) or more objects and, in a locked or fastened condition, limits, and in an unlocked position permits, relative movement or separation of the objects, and includes a means to operate the device into the locked or unlocked position.

LOIDING OR SLIP-KNIFING

A burglary attack; insertion of a thin, flat, flexible object such as a credit card or stiff piece of celluloid between the strike and the latch bolt in order to depress the latch bolt, release it from the strike-retaining hole and thereby open the door.

LOUVERS

A series of fixed slanted or movable slats. [Glass-louvered is descriptive of jalousies. Glass, wood or metal jalousies are considered to be "louvers." Awning windows having sections more than twelve (12) inches in depth are not considered to be "louvers."].

MORTISE LOCK

A lock installed into a prepared rectangular cavity (mortise) in the edge of a door. The working mechanism is contained in a rectangular case with holes to receive cylinder, knob and turnpiece spindles.

MULTIPLE-POINT LOCK

A system of lever-operated bolts that engage a door opening, at least at the head and sill, operated by a single knob or handle from the inside and, optionally, a cylinder-locked handle from the outside.

PERIMETER, PROTECTION

Alarms covering outside doors and windows accessible from the outside of the building.

PICKING

A burglary attack; actuating the lock-cylinder mechanism of a lock without the use of a key and without doing damage to the lock.

POPPING

A burglary attack; prying out the lock-cylinder, usually by use of a screwdriver, which, if successful, allows actuation of the mechanism resulting in withdrawal of the lock bolt.

PRYING OR JIMMYING

A burglary attack; prying the jamb away from the door edge to release the bolt from the strike hole and, if successful, allowing the door to swing open.

PULLING

A burglary attack; ripping out lock-cylinder plugs with an inertial force tool such as an auto body slam dent puller or a screw cylinder plug puller and, if successful, allowing unlocking of the lock bolt.

RAMMING

A burglary attack; an impact force used in breaking and entering, including shoulder impact; impact with the aid of a mass such as a chair, two-by-four, auto jack, etc.

READILY ACCESSIBLE

Access is easy and speedy.

SECURITY

Protection, or defense, against illegal entry.

SECURITY HINGE

A hinge which has nonremovable pins or is so constructed as to withstand five (5) fifty-foot pound impacts.

SIXTEEN-GAUGE STEEL

Any steel whose thickness if no less than 0.05082 of an inch.

SKYLIGHT

Any opening in a roof that allows lights or ventilation and is open or covered with a transparent cover.

SLIDING DOOR DEAD BOLT

A single dead bolt which, after penetration of the strike, expands or a pivoted hook-type, to resist sliding of the door by force.

SMASHING

A burglary attack; impacting door knob or lock parts with a hammer or heavy object for the purpose of illegal entry; includes smashing the knob, lock cylinder or lock case.

SPREADING

A burglary attack; applying opposing force between both jamb members, thereby spreading the door frame at the strike and, if successful, releasing the bolt from the strike hole and allowing the door to swing open.

STRIKE

The metal plate mortised into the door jamb to receive and to hold the projected latch bolt and/or dead bolt in order to secure the door to the jamb, alternatively defined as a stationary metal plate designed to momentarily depress a moving latch for final secure engagement requiring a separate operation for disengagement.

STRIKE BOX

A strike plate which has a metal throat which encases a deadlatch or -bolt when in the locked position.

STRIKE PLATE

That piece of metal secured to a door jamb which houses a door latch in the closed position.

THROW

This term applies to and signifies the outward movement of a bolt or latch and is the distance such bolt or latch travels from the unlocked to the locked position.

THROW BOLT

A manually operated dead bolt for an inactive leaf such as a flush bolt, normally placed on the inside portion of the door.

U.L. APPROVED

Tested by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc.

WRENCHING

A burglary attack; twisting a door knob or lock cylinder with a wrench or other device to cause failure and allow unlocking of the lock bolt.

Use group classifications.

(1)

A - Assembly; includes but is not limited to theaters, motion-picture theaters, dance halls, night clubs, libraries, restaurants, recreation centers, lecture halls, churches, schools, colleges, etc.

(2)

B - Business; includes but is not limited to office buildings, banks, firehouses, police stations, telephone exchanges, motor fuel service stations, professional services, civic administration buildings, etc.

(3)

F - Factory and industrial; includes but is not limited to bakeries, breweries, dry cleaning, electric light plants and powerhouses and water pumping plants.

(4)

H - High hazard; includes but is not limited to ammunition, explosives and fireworks manufacturers, dry-cleaning establishments using or storing more than three (3) gallons of gasoline or other hazardous liquids, paint and varnish manufacturers, fire storage warehouse, wastepaper sorting, shredding, storage or balling, etc.

(5)

I - Institutional; includes but is not limited to hospitals, nursing homes, penal or correctional facilities, nurseries, clinics, orphanages, etc.

(6)

M - Mercantile; includes but is not limited to retail stores, shops, salesrooms and markets.

(7)

R - Residential; includes hotel and motel buildings, lodging houses, boardinghouses, dormitory buildings and multifamily dwellings more than four (4) dwelling units. Does not include residential buildings under five (5) dwelling units or one- to two-family dwellings.

(8)

S - Storage; includes but is not limited to warehouses, storehouses and freight depots.

(9)

T - Temporary and miscellaneous; includes but is not limited to garages, sheds, fences, etc.

§ 71-15 Senior citizen buildings.

[Added 9-5-2006 by Ord. No. 23-2006; amended 4-16-2019 by Ord. No. 8-2019]

All buildings designated as senior citizen buildings in the City of Orange Township shall employ twenty-four-hour security. Such buildings shall have 30 days from final adoption of this section to comply with the aforesaid requirements.

All buildings designated as senior citizen buildings in the City of Orange Township shall further install security cameras in any common or public area, including, but not limited to, hallways, lobbies, stairwells, and elevators, in a manner to capture activity in all public or common areas. The video captured by the security cameras shall be maintained for at least 90 days or for 180 days from the receipt of a report from a staff member or resident of the occurrence of potentially illegal conduct. Such buildings shall have 180 days from final adoption of this section to comply with the aforesaid requirements.

For the purpose of this section, the term "senior citizen building" shall mean a development of residential living units exclusively for persons who are at least 55 years of age or older, which provides accommodations for independent living.