[1983 Code]
The purpose of this chapter is to alleviate or prevent congestion
of the public streets, and so promote the safety and welfare of the
public by establishing minimum requirements for the off-street parking
and loading and unloading of motor vehicles in accordance with the
use to which property is put.
[1983 Code]
The off-street parking and loading requirements of this chapter
shall apply as follows:
A.
All buildings and structures erected and land uses initiated
after the effective date hereof shall provide accessory off-street
parking or loading facilities as required hereinafter for the use
thereof.
B.
When a building or structure erected prior to or after the effective
date hereof shall undergo any decrease in number of dwelling units,
gross floor area, seating capacity, number of employees or other unit
of measurement specified hereinafter for required parking or loading
spaces through application of the provisions of this Title thereto,
parking and loading facilities may be reduced accordingly provided
that existing parking or loading facilities shall be so decreased
only when the facilities remaining would at least equal or exceed
the parking or loading requirements resulting from application of
the provisions of this Title to the entire building or structure as
modified.
C.
When a building or structure shall undergo any increase in number
of dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity or other unit
of measurement specified hereinafter for required parking or loading
facilities; and, further, when said increase would result in a requirement
for additional total parking or loading spaces through application
of the provisions of this Title thereto, parking and loading facilities
may be increased accordingly; provided, that existing parking or loading
facilities shall be so increased that the facilities would at least
equal or exceed the parking or loading requirements resulting from
application of the provisions of this Title to the entire building
or structure as modified.
[1983 Code]
A.
Definition of Floor Area. The term "floor area" as employed
in this chapter in the case of office, merchandising or service types
of use shall mean the gross floor area of a building or structure
used or intended to be used for service to the public as customers,
patrons, clients, patients or tenants, including areas occupied by
fixtures and equipment used for display or sale of merchandise. "Floor
area" for the purpose of this Title shall not include any area used
for:
B.
Existing Parking and Loading Spaces. Accessory off-street parking
and loading spaces in existence on the effective date hereof may not
be reduced in number unless already exceeding the requirements of
this chapter for equivalent new construction; in which event, said
spaces shall not be reduced below the number required herein for such
equivalent new construction.
C.
Parking and Loading Spaces Permitted. Nothing in this chapter
shall prevent the establishment of off-street automobile parking or
loading facilities to serve any existing use of land or buildings,
subject to full compliance with the provisions of this chapter, except
that off-street parking areas accessory to existing multiple-family
structures cannot be located off the premises containing the main
use unless on a lot adjacent thereto without authorization by the
Village Board of Trustees.
D.
Damage or Destruction of Building or Use. Any building, structure
or use which is in existence and is a conforming use on the effective
date hereof and which subsequently shall be damaged by fire, collapse,
explosion or other cause may be reconstructed, re-established or repaired
with or without off-street parking or loading facilities, except that
parking or loading facilities equivalent to any maintained at the
time of such damage or destruction shall be restored or continued
in operation. However, it shall not be necessary to restore or maintain
parking or loading facilities in excess of those required in this
chapter for equivalent new construction.
E.
Tables for Required Parking and Loading. Requirements governing the number and location of off-street parking and off-street loading facilities in relation to the use of property are established hereinafter. The parking and loading requirements for any use not specified herein shall be the same as for a similar specified use, as determined by Chapter 11-9 of this Title.
F.
Submission of Plot Plan. An application for a building permit
for a new or enlarged building, structure or use shall include therewith
a plot plan, drawn to scale, and fully dimensioned showing any parking
or loading facilities to be provided in compliance with the requirements
of this Title.
[1983 Code; amended 10-21-2019]
A.
Use of Parking Facilities. Off-street parking facilities accessory
to residential use and developed in any residential district in accordance
with the requirements of this chapter shall be used solely for the
parking of passenger automobiles owned by occupants of the dwelling
structures to which such facilities are accessory or by guests of
said occupants. Under no circumstances shall required parking facilities
accessory to residential structures be used for the storage of commercial
vehicles or for the parking of automobiles belonging to the employees,
owners, tenants, visitors or customers of business or manufacturing
establishments, except as permitted in this section.
B.
Joint Parking Facilities. Off-street parking facilities for
different buildings, structures or uses, or for mixed uses, may be
provided collectively in any zoning district in which separate parking
facilities for each constituent use would be permitted; provided that
the total number of spaces so located together shall not be less than
the sum of the separate requirements for each use.
C.
Control of Accessory Parking Facilities. When required accessory
off-street parking facilities are provided elsewhere than on the lot
on which the principal use is located, they shall be in the same possession,
either by deed or long-term lease, as the property occupied by such
principal use, and the owner shall be bound by covenants filed of
record in the office of the Recorder of Deeds, or the Registrar of
Titles of Cook County, Illinois, requiring the owner and his or her
heirs and assigns to maintain the required number of parking spaces
during the existence of said principal use.
D.
Permitted Districts for Accessory Parking. Accessory parking
facilities provided elsewhere than on the same zoning lot with the
principal use served in accordance with § 11-7-5 of this
chapter may be located in any zoning district, except as follows:
1.
No parking facilities accessory to an apartment use shall be
located in an R District.
2.
No parking facilities accessory to a business or manufacturing
use shall be located in a residential district, except when authorized
by the Village Board of Trustees as prescribed hereinafter.
3.
No parking facilities accessory to a manufacturing use shall
be permitted in a B1 District.
E.
Design and Maintenance.
1.
Description of Space. A required off-street parking space shall
be an area of not less than 162 square feet nor less than 8 1/2
feet wide by 19 feet long exclusive of access drives or aisles, ramps,
columns or office and work areas, accessible from streets, alleys
or from private driveways or aisles leading to streets or alleys and
to be used for the storage or parking of passenger automobiles or
commercial vehicles under 1 1/2 ton capacity. Aisles between
vehicular parking spaces shall be not less than 12 feet in width when
serving automobiles parked at a 45° angle in one direction nor
less than 20 feet in width when serving automobiles parked perpendicular
to the aisles and accommodating two-way traffic.
2.
Determining Number of Spaces. When determination of the number
of required off-street parking spaces results in a requirement of
a fractional space, any fraction up to and including 1/2 shall be
interpreted as one parking space.
3.
Open and Enclosed Spaces. Parking areas may be open or enclosed
except that when parking facilities accessory to a multiple dwelling
are located in a residential or B1 or B2 District elsewhere than on
the same zoning lot with the principal use served, such parking facilities
shall be open to the sky.
4.
Access. Parking facilities shall be designed with appropriate
means of vehicular access to a street or alley in such a manner as
will least interfere with the movement of traffic. No driveway or
curb cut in any district shall exceed 25 feet in width.
5.
Signs. No sign shall be displayed in any parking area within
any residential district except such as may be necessary for the orderly
use of the parking facilities.
6.
Required Setbacks. No parking space or portion thereof established
on the same zoning lot with a building shall be located within a required
front yard. No parking space or portion thereof established on a zoning
lot without a building shall be located closer to any street line
than the established building line on adjacent properties nor closer
than the front yard setback required for the district in which the
parking lot is located. Further, any wall, fence or hedge developed
around any parking area shall be subject to the front yard setback
requirements of this Title in the same manner as a building or structure.
7.
Surfacing. All open off-street parking areas shall be improved
with a compacted macadam base not less than six inches thick, surfaced
with asphaltic concrete or some comparable all-weather, dustless material
not less than two inches thick compacted. Portland cement concrete
having a thickness of not less than five inches for residential and
six inches for business or industry may be substituted in lieu of
the above requirement.
8.
Screening and Landscaping. All open off-street parking areas
of six or more cars shall be effectively screened by a wall, solid
fence, or a densely planted, compact hedge along any side which adjoins
or is directly across a street or alley from a property in a residential
district or an institutional property. Such wall, fence or hedge shall
be at least four feet, but not more than seven feet in height and
shall be maintained in good condition.
9.
Lighting. Adequate lighting shall be provided and any lighting
used to illuminate an off-street parking area shall be so arranged
as to reflect the light away from adjoining properties.
F.
Public Parking Areas as Special Uses. Any automobile parking area developed for transient trade, and not accessory to specific main uses or groups of uses for which parking is required by this Title, shall be treated as a special use as defined in § 11-1-3 of this Title and as allowed by the Village Board of Trustees in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 11-9 of this Title.
G.
Location of Parking Areas. Off-street automobile parking facilities
shall be located as hereinafter specified. Where a distance is specified,
such distance shall be walking distance measured from the nearest
point of the parking area to the nearest entrance of the building
that said parking area is required to serve.
1.
For one and two-family dwellings on the same lot with the building
they are required to serve.
2.
For three and four-family dwellings not over two stories in
height, on the same lot or parcel of land as the building they are
required to serve. For the purposes of this requirement, a group of
such uses constructed and maintained under single ownership or management
shall be assumed to be on a single lot or parcel of land.
3.
For apartment houses containing four or more dwelling units,
on the same lot or parcel of land as the building they are required
to serve, or on a separate lot or parcel of land not more than 300
feet from the nearest entrance to the main building being served;
provided the lot or parcel of land selected for the parking facilities
is located in an apartment district or a less restricted district.
4.
For rooming houses, lodging houses, clubs, hospitals, sanitariums,
orphanages, homes for the aged, convalescent homes, dormitories, sorority
and fraternity houses and for the other similar uses, the off-street
parking facilities required shall be on the same lot or parcel of
land as the main building or buildings being served, or upon properties
contiguous to the zoning lot upon which is located the building or
buildings they are intended to serve.
5.
For uses other than those specified herein, off-street parking
facilities shall be provided on the same lot or parcel of land as
the main building being served, or on a separate lot or parcel of
land not over 1,000 feet of the entrance of the main building, measured
from the nearest point of the parking area, provided the separate
lot or parcel of land intended for the parking facilities is located
in B or I Districts.
H.
Municipal lots.
1.
Municipal lots are those lots owned by the Village of Thornton
and designated as a municipal lot by the Village Board. Once a lot
loses its designation as a municipal lot, by action of the Village
Board, it must conform to the standards for parking lots stated in
this code. Except as noted herein, municipal lots shall be subject
to the requirements of § 11-7-4 of this code.
2.
Use of parking facilities. Municipal parking lots shall be used
solely for the parking of passenger automobiles, motorcycles, or pickup
trucks plated no higher than "B." Municipal lots are to be used by
persons patronizing local businesses, utilizing Village facilities,
or visiting residential dwellings. No vehicle shall remain continuously
parked in a municipal lot for over 24 hours. The Village has the authority
to fine and tow vehicles violating this section pursuant to Title
9 of this Code and the laws of the State of Illinois.
3.
Occupancy. In calculating off-street parking requirements under
this code, municipal lots may be used for up to seventy-five percent
(75%) of required off-street parking for any business within 1,250
feet of the property line of the lot.
4.
Permitted Districts for Municipal Parking. Municipal parking
lots may be located in any zoned district.
5.
Design and Maintenance.
a.
Open and enclosed spaces. Municipal parking lots may be open
or enclosed.
b.
Required setbacks. There are no setback requirements for Municipal
parking lots.
c.
Screening and Landscaping. Municipal lots shall be landscaped
and screened as appropriate, taking into account the size, location
and the character of the adjoining properties.
[Amended 12-4-2006; 2-18-2014]
In all Districts, off-street parking should be provided in accordance
with the following requirements:
|
Type
|
Number of Spaces
|
|---|---|
|
Single-family dwellings
|
Minimum of 2 parking spaces for each family dwelling unit
|
|
Dwelling units other than single-family dwellings
|
2 parking spaces for each family dwelling unit
|
|
Senior citizen housing
|
1 parking space per bedroom of each family dwelling unit for
each family dwelling unit, minimum of 1, plus 1 additional parking
space per 10 units or fraction thereof
|
|
Restaurants and bars
|
1 per 100 gross square feet
|
|
Offices
|
1 per 300 gross square feet
|
|
Industry/Warehouse
|
1 per 500 gross square feet
|
|
Schools
|
1 per 3.5 seats in assembly rooms plus 1 per faculty member
|
|
Tourist homes, cabins or motels
|
Parking space for each guest or sleeping room or suite, plus
1 per 500 square feet of common area
|
|
Trailer courts or camps
|
1 parking space for each trailer space
|
|
Lodging, rooming and boarding houses
|
1 parking space for each 4 guests, plus 1 additional space for
the owner or manager if resident on the premises
|
|
Private clubs or lodges (without sleeping rooms)
|
Parking spaces equal in number to 25% of the total membership
|
|
Sanitariums, convalescent homes or homes for the aged
|
1 parking space for each 4 patient beds, plus 1 additional space
for each staff or visiting doctor
|
|
Retail and general business and service establishments
|
1 parking space for each 200 gross square feet
|
|
Medical or dental clinics, chiropractic, therapeutic facilities
|
1 parking space for each 200 gross square feet
|
[1983 Code]
A.
Location of Berth. No permitted or required loading berth shall
be closer than 50 feet to any property in a residential district unless
completely enclosed by building walls or a uniformly painted solid
fence or wall or any combination thereof not less than six feet in
height. No permitted or required loading berth shall be located within
25 feet of the nearest point of intersection of any two streets. Loading
berths open to the sky may be located in any required yards.
B.
Description of Loading Berth. An off-street loading berth shall
be a hard-surfaced area of land, open or enclosed, other than a street
or public way, used principally for the standing, loading or unloading
of motor trucks, tractors and trailers so as to avoid undue interference
with the public use of streets and alleys. A required loading space
shall be not less than 10 feet in width, 25 feet in length and 14
feet in height, exclusive of access aisles and maneuvering space,
except as otherwise specifically dimensioned hereafter.
C.
Measurement of Berth. When determination of the number of required
off-street loading berths results in a requirement of a fractional
berth, any fraction up to and including 1/2 shall be disregarded and
fractions over 1/2 shall be interpreted as one loading berth.
D.
Surfacing. All open off-street loading berths shall be improved
with a compacted macadam base, not less than seven inches thick, surfaced
with not less than two inches of asphaltic concrete or some comparable
all-weather, dustless material.
[1983 Code]
In all districts where property uses include the loading and
unloading of materials or merchandise from vehicles, off-street loading
and unloading facilities shall be provided in accordance with the
following requirements:
|
Type
|
Number of Spaces
|
|---|---|
|
Hotels or apartment-hotel buildings wherein there are contained
exhibition halls, convention halls, auditoriums, office facilities
or retail shops
|
1 off-street loading and unloading space for the first 40,000
square feet of gross floor area, plus 1 additional off-street loading
space for each 150,000 square feet of gross floor area or fraction
thereof of gross floor area in excess of 40,000 square feet
|
|
Hospitals or sanitariums containing 40,000 to 100,000 square
feet of gross floor area
|
1 off-street loading and unloading space, plus 1 additional
such space for each additional 100,000 square feet of gross floor
area or fraction thereof in excess of 100,000 square feet
|
|
Bowling alleys, taverns, restaurants, or any retail shops and
having 10,000 to 100,000 square feet of gross floor area
|
1 off-street loading and unloading space, plus 1 additional
such space for each additional 100,000 square feet of gross floor
area or fraction thereof in excess of 100,000 square feet
|
|
For banks, business or professional offices or public administration
buildings containing 40,000 to 100,000 square feet of gross floor
area
|
1 off-street loading and unloading space, plus 1 additional
such space for each additional 100,000 square feet of gross floor
area or fraction thereof in excess of 100,000 square feet
|
|
Furniture and appliance stores, motor vehicle sales, wholesale
stores, household equipment or machinery sales and having 8,000 to
25,000 square feet of gross floor area
|
1 off-street loading and unloading space, plus 1 additional
space for each additional 25,000 square feet of gross floor area or
fraction thereof in excess of 25,000 square feet
|
|
Manufacturing uses; research and testing laboratories; laundry
and dry-cleaning establishments; printing, binding, publishing and
issuing of newspapers, periodicals, books and other reading matter;
warehouse and storage facilities; engraving shops, assembly of materials
and products; processing and distribution of materials and products;
and, other similar uses having more than 10,000 square feet of gross
floor area, exclusive of basement area and less than 40,000 square
feet of gross floor area
|
1 off-street loading and unloading space, plus 1 additional
such space for each additional 60,000 square feet of gross floor area
in excess of 40,000 square feet
|
