[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. The developer
whose intent is the creation of new streets in the development of
any residential or non-residential subdivision shall adhere to the
construction standards set forth in this Chapter.
B. The developer
shall be responsible for addressing each of the areas in the project's
construction specification documents.
1. The
design plans and construction specifications shall be approved by
the City's consulting engineer prior to any work taking place.
2. The
developer will coordinate all necessary inspections prior to the commencement
of any work.
3. All
expenses that relate to required tests of concrete, gradation, compaction
or special inspections shall be born solely by the developer. Any
costs associated with the relocation or modification of existing utility
infrastructure to support the developer's project shall be the sole
responsibility of the developer.
C. Development
of all street infrastructure will be guided by strict compliance of
the approved design plans and specifications. Until reviewed and approved
by the City's consulting engineer, no changes or modifications shall
be authorized and no deviations permitted from the originally approved
design plans and project specifications. Change orders and design
modifications will be submitted by the developer's project engineer
only and no other person.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. Clearing And Grubbing. Clearing and grubbing shall consist
of removing, cutting and disposing of all brush, vegetation, logs,
stumps, rubbish and other materials occurring within the limits of
the improvement which will interfere with the excavation or which
are unsuitable to be left in the roadway foundation. This shall also
include the cutting, removing and disposing of all trees and stumps
except those that will not interfere with the construction and not
shown on the plans. The developer shall exercise due care in his construction
operations to prevent marring or scarring of trees that are to remain.
B. Stumps
and roots in excavated or fill areas shall be removed to a depth of
eighteen (18) inches below subgrade.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. The developer
shall perform excavation of every type of material encountered within
the limits of the project to the lines, grades and elevations indicated
and as specified in this Section. Satisfactory excavated materials
shall be transported to and placed in fill or embankment areas within
the limits of the work. Unsatisfactory materials encountered within
the limits of the work shall be excavated below grade and replaced
with satisfactory materials as directed. Such excavated material and
the satisfactory material ordered as replacement shall be included
in excavation. Surplus satisfactory excavated material not required
for fill or embankment or unsatisfactory excavated material shall
be uniformly spread within the work area. During construction, excavation
and filling shall be performed in a manner and sequence that will
provide proper drainage at all times. Material required for fill or
embankment in excess of that produced by excavation shall be obtained
from the borrow areas off of construction limits at the developer's
responsibility. Excavations below indicated depths will not be permitted
except to remove unsatisfactory material.
B. Preparation Of Ground Surface For Embankments. Ground surface
on which fill is to placed shall be stripped of live, dead or decayed
vegetation, rubbish, debris and other unsatisfactory material. The
prepared ground surface shall be scarified and moistened or aerated
as required just prior to placement of embankment materials to assure
adequate bond between embankment material and the prepared ground
surface.
C. Earth Embankments. Earth embankments shall be constructed
from satisfactory materials free of organic or frozen material and
rocks with maximum dimensions greater than three (3) inches. The material
shall be placed in successive horizontal layers of loose material
not more than eight (8) inches in depth. Each layer shall be spread
uniformly on a prepared surface, i.e., a soil surface that has been
moistened or aerated as necessary and scarified or otherwise broken
up in such a manner that the fill will bond with the surface on which
it is placed. Areas under proposed structures and areas to be surfaced
shall be compacted to at least ninety-five percent (95%) maximum density
for cohesive materials. All other areas be compacted to eighty-five
percent (85%) and ninety percent (90%) respectively. Method of tests
shall be in accordance with ASTM Standard D 698.
D. Benched. Everywhere there is new fill adjacent to existing
soil, the new fill shall be "benched". Benching involves placing the
new fill in six (6) inch compacted lifts where the existing soil or
fill has been "benched" by the removal of a variable amount of soil.
The bench shall be a minimum of twelve (12) inches vertical and will
provide a bench of soil to place the new lift onto. The resulting
fill will then be a cohesive unit that inhibits slippage.
E. Rock Embankments. Rock embankments shall be placed in successive
horizontal layers of loose material not more than twenty-four (24)
inches in depth. Pieces of rock larger than twenty-four (24) inches
in greatest dimension shall not be used. Each layer of material shall
be spread uniformly and compacted until the interstices are filled
with well compacted materials and the entire layer is a densely compacted
mass. Each successive layer of material shall adequately bond to the
material on which it is placed.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. Subgrades
shall be shaped to line, grade and cross section and compacted as
specified in this Section. This operation shall include plowing, disking
and any moistening or aerating required to obtain proper compaction.
Soft or otherwise unsatisfactory material shall be removed and replaced
with satisfactory excavated material or other approved material as
directed.
B. Finishing. The surface of all excavations, embankments and
subgrades shall be finished to a reasonably smooth and compact surface
substantially in accordance with the lines, grades and cross sections
or elevations shown on the drawings. This process shall be repeated
until all irregularities are removed. Extreme care shall be taken
in shaping the subgrade, so that at no place will the completed pavement
vary from the specified thickness. All soft and yielding spots shall
be removed to a depth of not-to-exceed two (2) feet and all unsuitable
material shall be removed and the resulting spaces shall be refilled
with approved material. All large rocks or boulders encountered shall
be removed or broken off to a depth of not less than six (6) inches
below the finished surface of the subgrade and the space shall be
refilled. The surface of areas to be turfed shall be finished to a
smoothness suitable for the application of turf materials.
C. Restoring Subgrade To Acceptable Condition. If the subgrade
is disturbed in any manner after the work described in the preceding
paragraph has been completed, it shall be brought to an acceptable
condition by reshaping and rolling or with macadam.
D. Determination Of Density. Testing shall be the responsibility
of the developer. Testing shall be performed by an approved commercial
testing laboratory. Tests shall be performed in sufficient number
to ensure to the satisfaction of the City that the specified density
is being obtained.
1. Moisture
density relationship shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D698.
Copies of all density test results shall be submitted to the City
of Hermann Public Works Department upon the completion of each test.
E. Protection. Settlement or washing that occurs in graded
areas prior to acceptance of the work shall be repaired and grades
re-established to the required elevations and slopes.
F. Disposal Of Excess Excavated Materials. All excess excavated
materials shall be disposed of away from the site of the work at the
expense and responsibility of the developer. Broken concrete and other
debris resulting from pavement or sidewalk removal, excavated rock
in excess of the amount permitted to be and actually installed in
trench back fill, junk and debris encountered in excavation work and
other similar waste materials shall be disposed of away from the site
of the work.
G. Settlement. The developer shall be responsible for all settlement
of backfill, fills and embankments that may occur within one (1) year
after final completion of the street development under which the work
was performed. The developer shall make or cause to be made all repairs
or replacements made necessary by settlement within thirty (30) days
after notice from the City.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. Type 1 Aggregate (Rolled Stone). Aggregate for Type 1 base
shall be essentially limestone. The crushed stone shall not contain
deleterious material such as shale or disintegrated stone in excess
of fifteen percent (15%). Any silt, any clay and any deleterious material
shall be uniformly distributed throughout the mass. The aggregates
shall conform to the following gradation requirement:
1. Passing
one (1) inch sieve one hundred percent (100%).
2. Passing
one-half (½) inch sieve sixty to ninety percent (60 —
90%).
3. Passing
No. 4 sieve forty to sixty percent (40 — 60%).
4. Passing
No. 40 sieve fifteen to thirty-five percent (15 — 35%).
B. Type 2 Aggregate (Compacted Granular Base). Aggregate for
Type 2 base shall consist of crushed stone, limestone screening, sand
and gravel, sand, chat or sandstone or combinations of these materials,
with or without soil binder as may be required. The material shall
conform to the following gradation requirements and in addition shall
be so graded that it will readily compact to the specified density
and withstand construction traffic without distortion and displacement.
1. Passing
one and one-half (1½) inch sieve one hundred percent (100%).
2. Passing
No. 40 sieve fifteen to fifty percent (15 — 50%).
3. Passing
No. 200 sieve, not more than thirty-five percent (35%).
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. Aggregate
base shall consist of a uniform mixture of properly graded materials
placed on a prepared subgrade as shown on the plans. The type of aggregate
used shall be as specified in the specifications. This work consists
of furnishing and placing aggregate base material in one (1) or more
courses to a depth of six (6) inches on a graded and compacted subgrade
surface in conformance with the lines, grades and thickness and cross
sections shown on the drawings and compacting the material in accordance
with this Section.
B. Placement. Aggregate base material shall be placed and spread
uniformly on the prepared subgrade. All work on any section of the
subgrade on which the base is to be constructed shall be completed
prior to the placing of any base material on that section. Material
shall be placed so that the thickness of the course after compaction
will not exceed six (6) inches. Should the total required base course
thickness exceed six (6) inches, the material shall be placed in two
(2) or more equal lifts. Each lift shall be compacted before the next
lift is placed.
C. Spreading, Shaping And Compacting. In no case will the developer
be permitted to place the mixture or manipulate it on muddy or frozen
subgrade. Also, any mixture containing frost or frozen particles shall
not be placed on the subgrade or compacted. After the subgrade has
been properly prepared, the mixture shall be uniformly spread by blades
or other approved equipment, in successive layers of courses to such
depth that, when compacted, the base will have the minimum thickness
shown on the typical cross section.
D. Compaction. Shaping and compacting shall be performed until
a true, even and uniform surface of proper grade, cross section and
density is obtained.
1. Maximum density. Aggregate shall be compacted to not less
than ninety-five percent (95%) of standard maximum density.
E. Testing. All testing shall be performed by the developer
as a part of his quality control program. The developer shall bear
all costs associated with the testing. Copies of all test results
shall be submitted to the City of Hermann Public Works Department
upon the completion of each test.
1. The
standard compaction test will be made in accordance with ASTM D 698-70,
Method C.
2. Field
density will be determined in accordance with ASTM D 1556-64, Sand
Cone Method.
3. If nuclear
density test methods are used, moisture content will be determined
in accordance with AASHTO T239, except that a moisture correction
factor will be determined for each aggregate in accordance with MHTD
Test Method T35.
4. Aggregate
gradation tests will be performed in accordance with ASTM C117, C136
and D422. Services shall conform to ASTM Ell. Tests shall be performed
on each five hundred (500) cubic yards of material delivered, but
not less than one (1) test shall be made each day that material is
delivered.
F. The surface
of the aggregate base shall be well drained at all times. If at any
time the compacted aggregate base or subgrade becomes unstable, it
shall be the developer's responsibility to restore, at his expense,
the earth subgrade and the aggregate base to the required grade, cross
section and density.
G. The base
shall be considered complete when it has the required density with
a uniform surface of the proper grade and final template section.
Lateral ditches shall be constructed through shoulders, where possible,
to insure adequate surface drainage.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. This
work shall consist of treating an existing surface with bituminous
material in accordance with the project specifications and in conformity
with the lines shown on the drawings or established by the City.
B. The prime
coat shall be cutback asphalt Type RC Grade 30 and shall meet the
requirements of ASTM 2028.
C. Weather Limitations. Bituminous material shall not be applied
when either the air temperature or the temperature of the surface
to be primed is below sixty degrees Fahrenheit (60°F) or when
weather conditions prevent the proper construction of the prime coat.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. A hot-mix
bituminous pavement shall be placed over a bituminous base or over
a aggregate base course in accordance with the approved project specifications.
Type C asphalt concrete shall be placed to a thickness of no less
than the minimum depth required for the classification of street to
be constructed and in accordance with the design plans and specifications
submitted to the City for approval.
B. The finished
courses shall have the thickness shown on the plans and shall be free
from waves or irregularities and shall not vary from a ten (10) foot
straight-edge, applied parallel to the centerline, by more than one-half
(½) inch on the first (1st) or intermediate courses and not
more than one-eighth () inch on the surface course.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. Curb And Gutter Concrete. Concrete shall be thoroughly consolidated
by tamping and spading or with approved mechanical vibrators. Placement
of curbs and gutters by mechanical means is authorized.
B. Concrete
curb and gutter shall consist of Portland cement concrete, placed
with or without reinforcement on a prepared subgrade. The type and
dimensions shall be as shown on the construction plans. The construction
of curbs using asphaltic cement shall be strictly prohibited.
C. Curb
and gutter shall not be less than six (6) inches thick and shall not
be less than a minimum of twenty-four (24) inches wide, including
the six (6) inch vertical curb. Contraction joints shall be installed
every ten (10) feet.
D. Concrete
used in the construction of curb and gutter shall be Class "A" concrete,
unless otherwise specified; and all materials, proportioning, air-entraining,
mixing and transporting for Portland cement concrete shall be in accordance
with Portland cement concrete.
E. Slump
tests will be made in accordance with ASTM Specifications C 143. Concrete
for concrete curbs and gutters shall have a slump of two (2) to four
(4) inches.
F. The subgrade
shall be graded, compacted and rolled to insure maximum density to
the exact cross section and elevations shown on the plans. The subgrade
shall be moistened in advance of depositing concrete, but shall not
be muddy or excessively wet.
G. The forms
for this work shall be metal or wood of fill depth of the concrete,
straight, free from warp and of sufficient rigidity to prevent distortion
due to the pressure of the concrete and other loads incidental to
the construction operations. The forms shall be substantial and unyielding
and shall be so designed that the finished concrete will conform to
the proper dimensions and contours. Forms shall be set and maintained
true to the line designated until the concrete is sufficiently hardened.
Forms shall be thoroughly cleaned, greased or soaped before concrete
is placed. Forms shall be joined neatly and tightly for a distance
of at least one hundred (100) feet in advance of the point of placing
concrete.
H. Concrete
curb and gutter shall be constructed in sections having a uniform
length of ten (10) feet maximum. The length of a single section may
be reduced to a minimum of four (4) feet where necessary for closure.
Expansion joints shall be provided at intervals of ninety (90) feet.
All joints in concrete curb and gutter shall receive joint filler
in accordance with project specifications. The face and top of the
curb and gutter shall be floated smooth and the edges shall be rounded
as shown in typical section.
I. After
the concrete has set sufficiently, the spaces back of curbs shall
be backfilled to the required elevation with suitable material that
shall be compacted in layers of not more than six (6) inches until
firm and solid.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. Sidewalk And Entrance Concrete. Concrete sidewalks shall
be constructed to the line, grade and dimensions shown on the plans
and specifications. Unless otherwise specifically designated, concrete
sidewalks shall be at least five (5) feet wide and have a cross slope
of no more than two percent (2%) or one-quarter (¼) inch to
the foot. Sidewalks shall be not less than four (4) inches in thickness
and shall be placed on well-compacted subgrade. Driveways or other
points designated on the plans, the depth shall be increased to six
(6) inches.
B. Handicap
accessible ramps shall be not less than thirty-six (36) inches wide
and shall not have a slope greater than one (1) inch rise per twelve
(12) inches length (1:12).
C. In instances
where surrounding buildings or other restrictions make it impossible
to conform with the aforementioned slope requirements, then the handicap
accessible ramp shall contain a slope with as shallow a rise as possible
under the circumstances not to exceed ten percent (10%). All handicap
accessible ramps shall be constructed with a gradual rounding at the
bottom of the slope.
D. Concrete
sidewalks shall be constructed on a prepared smooth subgrade of uniform
density. Large boulders and ledge rock found in the subgrade shall
be removed to a minimum depth of six (6) inches below the finished
subgrade elevation and the space shall be backfilled with suitable
material that shall be thoroughly compacted.
E. Dummy
joints, spaced approximately at five (5) feet intervals, shall be
provided for the full width (and length for wider sidewalks) to a
depth of one (1) to two (2) inches.
F. Pre-molded
expansion joint material, one-half (½) inch thick, shall be
installed in the sidewalk for its full depth wherever it meets another
sidewalk, driveway, building, curb, lighting standard, fireplug or
other rigid object. Expansion joints shall be placed on all four (4)
sides of the square formed by the intersection of two (2) sidewalks.
When the sidewalk fills the space between the curb and a building
or wall, an expansion joint shall be placed between the sidewalk and
the curb and between the sidewalk and the building or wall.
G. After
the concrete has been brought true to line and grade, it shall be
finished to a medium rough finish by use of a stiff broom or other
approved method to produce an even, gritty texture. All edges shall
be rounded with an edging tool to one-fourth (¼) inch radius.
H. Concrete
for concrete sidewalks shall have a slump of two (2) to four (4) inches.
[Ord. No. 1620 §1, 9-25-2006]
A. Where
called for on the plans, non-reinforced concrete driveway pavement
shall be constructed to the line, grade and dimensions shown on plans.
B. The minimum
driveway width for residential applications shall not be less than
nine (9) feet in width. Each residential lot shall be limited to the
construction of one (1) driveway entrance per property.
C. The minimum
driveway width for non-residential one-way enter/exit shall not be
less than twelve (12) feet in width and shall not be less than twenty-four
(24) feet in width for non-residential two-way enter/exit.
D. The maximum
slope of any driveway shall not exceed twenty percent (20%).